Enhancing Reading Comprehension Through Making Inferences
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M
AKING
I
NFERENCES
WITH
T
EXTUAL
E
VIDENCE
…
1/15/2015
M
AKING
I
NFERENCES
We make inferences all the time whether we
realize it or not. Good readers make inferences
while reading when we predict what will happen
next or ask ourselves why character is behaving a
certain way.
An
inference
is an educated guess that we make
based on what we see or, while reading, the
information provided in the text combined with our
own experiences.
W
HAT
CAN
YOU
INFER
ABOUT
THE
FOLLOWING
PICTURES
:
1.) ______________________________
2.) ______________________________
1.) ______________________________
2.) ______________________________
T
EXTUAL
E
VIDENCE
Textual
Evidence
is specific information from a
text that we use to support our inferences.
**We use textual evidence to prove that our
inferences are logical and accurate.
R
EAD
THE
FOLLOWING
PASSAGE
AND
ANSWER
THE
QUESTION
THAT
FOLLOWS
.
Kyle ran into his house, slamming the door behind him. He
threw his book bag on the floor and plopped on the couch. After
six hours of playing
Grand Larceny VII
, he ate some pizza and
fell asleep with a slice in on his belly and his feet on his book bag.
When Kyle came home from school the next day, he was
noticeably distraught. He balled up his report card and placed it
inside of a soup can in the garbage. He then flipped the soup can
upside down and relocated garbage from other parts of the can,
arranging over the soup can. He then plopped down on the couch
and picked up his controller.
(S
UPPORT
YOUR
ANSWER
WITH
TEXT
FROM
THE
PASSAGE
.)
1. Why is Kyle distraught?
How do you know this?
2. Why does Kyle put the report card in a soup can?
How do you know this?
3. Was Kyle’s report card good or bad and why was it
like that?
How do you know this?
R
EAD
THE
FOLLOWING
PASSAGE
AND
ANSWER
THE
QUESTION
THAT
FOLLOWS
.
W hen Dorothy stood in the doorway and
looked around, she could see nothing but
the great gray prairie on every side. Not a tree nor
a house broke the broad sweep of flat country that
reached to the edge of the sky in all directions. The
sun had baked the plowed land into a gray mass,
with little cracks running through it. Even the grass
was not green, for the sun had burned the tops of
the long blades until they were the same gray color
to be seen everywhere. Once the house had been
painted, but the sun blistered the paint and the
rains washed it away, and now the house was as dull
and gray as everything else.
1.) W
HAT
CAN
YOU
INFER
ABOUT
D
OROTHY
’
S
LIFE
ON
PLAINS
?
Make at least 2 inferences.
(Support your answer with text from the
passage.)
S
TAGE
D
IRECTIONS
AND
DIALOGUE
When reading a play
Stage
Directions
help the
reader visualize what it might look like if they
were watching the play rather than reading it.
Stage directions tells where a person is standing
on stage, how the might sound when they say
particular line—also how they might react to a
situation.
Dialogue
is the conversation between two or more
characters in a play. Dialogue is what carries the
storyline forward in a play.
C
HARACTER
MOTIVATION
Motive is the reason for which a character does
something.
Characters are usually motivated by a feeling, need,
or want.
You can usually determine the motive by asking
WHY. Why did the character do whatever it is he/she
did? What drove them to/caused/made them do that?
Powerful motives include:
Love
Anger
Jealousy
Desperation
Fear
S
UMMARY
When we try to fill in the gaps between what is
explicitly said and what is implied, we are making
inferences.
We do this by making logical guesses based on what
we observed and our own prior knowledge.
When reading a play, the
dialogue
tells us explicitly
what is happening (or how a character feels).
Stage directions are unspoken bits of the story that
help the reader to understand a character’s motive
(i.e. feelings, wants, or needs).
Motive is the reason why a character behaves/reacts
in a certain way.
When we try to determine the character’s motive we
are making an inference.
Making inferences is a crucial skill for readers to predict outcomes and understand characters' actions. Textual evidence supports these inferences by providing specific information from the text. In the provided passages about Kyle and Dorothy, readers can infer Kyle's distress from his actions and understand Dorothy's desolate surroundings through vivid descriptions.
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Presentation Transcript
MAKING INFERENCES WITH TEXTUAL EVIDENCE 1/15/2015
MAKING INFERENCES We make inferences all the time whether we realize it or not. Good readers make inferences while reading when we predict what will happen next or ask ourselves why character is behaving a certain way. An inference is an educated guess that we make based on what we see or, while reading, the information provided in the text combined with our own experiences.
WHAT CAN YOU INFER ABOUT THE FOLLOWING PICTURES: 1.) ______________________________ 2.) ______________________________ 1.) ______________________________ 2.) ______________________________
TEXTUAL EVIDENCE TextualEvidence is specific information from a text that we use to support our inferences. **We use textual evidence to prove that our inferences are logical and accurate.
READTHEFOLLOWINGPASSAGEAND ANSWERTHEQUESTIONTHATFOLLOWS. Kyle ran into his house, slamming the door behind him. He threw his book bag on the floor and plopped on the couch. After six hours of playing Grand Larceny VII, he ate some pizza and fell asleep with a slice in on his belly and his feet on his book bag. When Kyle came home from school the next day, he was noticeably distraught. He balled up his report card and placed it inside of a soup can in the garbage. He then flipped the soup can upside down and relocated garbage from other parts of the can, arranging over the soup can. He then plopped down on the couch and picked up his controller.
(SUPPORTYOURANSWERWITHTEXTFROMTHE PASSAGE.) 1. Why is Kyle distraught? How do you know this? 2. Why does Kyle put the report card in a soup can? How do you know this? 3. Was Kyle s report card good or bad and why was it like that? How do you know this?
READTHEFOLLOWINGPASSAGEAND ANSWERTHEQUESTIONTHATFOLLOWS. W hen Dorothy stood in the doorway and looked around, she could see nothing but the great gray prairie on every side. Not a tree nor a house broke the broad sweep of flat country that reached to the edge of the sky in all directions. The sun had baked the plowed land into a gray mass, with little cracks running through it. Even the grass was not green, for the sun had burned the tops of the long blades until they were the same gray color to be seen everywhere. Once the house had been painted, but the sun blistered the paint and the rains washed it away, and now the house was as dull and gray as everything else.
1.) WHATCANYOUINFERABOUT DOROTHY SLIFEONPLAINS? Make at least 2 inferences. (Support your answer with text from the passage.)
STAGE DIRECTIONSANDDIALOGUE When reading a play Stage Directions help the reader visualize what it might look like if they were watching the play rather than reading it. Stage directions tells where a person is standing on stage, how the might sound when they say particular line also how they might react to a situation. Dialogue is the conversation between two or more characters in a play. Dialogue is what carries the storyline forward in a play.
CHARACTERMOTIVATION Motive is the reason for which a character does something. Characters are usually motivated by a feeling, need, or want. You can usually determine the motive by asking WHY. Why did the character do whatever it is he/she did? What drove them to/caused/made them do that? Powerful motives include: Love Anger Jealousy Desperation Fear
SUMMARY When we try to fill in the gaps between what is explicitly said and what is implied, we are making inferences. We do this by making logical guesses based on what we observed and our own prior knowledge. When reading a play, the dialogue tells us explicitly what is happening (or how a character feels). Stage directions are unspoken bits of the story that help the reader to understand a character s motive (i.e. feelings, wants, or needs). Motive is the reason why a character behaves/reacts in a certain way. When we try to determine the character s motive we are making an inference.
