Discovering Earth's Layers and Structure
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ARTH
ARTH
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AYERS
AYERS
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OCABULARY
OCABULARY
Inner core
Inner core
– a ball of hot solid
– a ball of hot solid
metal at the center of the earth
metal at the center of the earth
Outer core
Outer core
– liquid layer of metal
– liquid layer of metal
that surrounds the inner core
that surrounds the inner core
Mantle
– earth’s thickest layer
– earth’s thickest layer
between the outer core and
between the outer core and
crust made of magma
crust made of magma
Crust
Crust
– the top layer of earth
– the top layer of earth
made of a thin layer of cool rock
made of a thin layer of cool rock
Lithosphere
Lithosphere
– the layer of earth
– the layer of earth
made of the crust and the rigid
made of the crust and the rigid
rock of the upper mantle which
rock of the upper mantle which
is broken into tectonic plates
is broken into tectonic plates
Asthenosphere
Asthenosphere
– the layer in
– the layer in
earth’s upper mantle directly
earth’s upper mantle directly
under the lithosphere in which
under the lithosphere in which
rock is soft and weak because it
rock is soft and weak because it
is close to melting
is close to melting
Cross-Section of the Layers of
the Earth
Tectonic plates
Tectonic plates
– the process in
– the process in
which the motion of a hot material
which the motion of a hot material
under the crust changes the crust
under the crust changes the crust
of the Earth. These are called plate
of the Earth. These are called plate
tectonics
tectonics
Continental drift
Continental drift
– a hypothesis
– a hypothesis
that Earth’s continents move on
that Earth’s continents move on
the surface
the surface
Fault lines
Fault lines
– a crack in Earth’s
– a crack in Earth’s
surface
surface
Pangaea
Pangaea
– a hypothetical
– a hypothetical
supercontinent in which all
supercontinent in which all
continents were once attached.
continents were once attached.
It began breaking apart about
It began breaking apart about
200 million years ago
200 million years ago
Convection
Convection
– a process by which
– a process by which
energy is transferred to cause
energy is transferred to cause
warmer less dense air or liquid
warmer less dense air or liquid
to rise while the dense cooler
to rise while the dense cooler
liquid or air is pushed down
liquid or air is pushed down
.
.
Earth’s
Earth’s
Crust
Crust
Mantle
Mantle
Outer
Outer
core
core
Inner
Inner
core
core
Explore the intriguing composition of Earth's interior, including the layers such as the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Learn about tectonic plates, continental drift, and the concept of Pangaea. Delve into the depths of the Earth and understand the materials that make up each layer through detailed descriptions and visual representations.
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Presentation Transcript
EARTH'S INTERIOR NOTES
EARTHS LAYERS VOCABULARY Inner core a ball of hot solid metal at the center of the earth Outer core liquid layer of metal that surrounds the inner core Mantle earth s thickest layer between the outer core and crust made of magma
Crust the top layer of earth made of a thin layer of cool rock Lithosphere the layer of earth made of the crust and the rigid rock of the upper mantle which is broken into tectonic plates Asthenosphere the layer in earth s upper mantle directly under the lithosphere in which rock is soft and weak because it is close to melting
Cross-Section of the Layers of the Earth
Tectonic plates the process in which the motion of a hot material under the crust changes the crust of the Earth. These are called plate tectonics Continental drift a hypothesis that Earth s continents move on the surface Fault lines a crack in Earth s surface
Pangaea a hypothetical supercontinent in which all continents were once attached. It began breaking apart about 200 million years ago Convection a process by which energy is transferred to cause warmer less dense air or liquid to rise while the dense cooler liquid or air is pushed down.
Data Table Depth Name of Layer What Layer is Made Of 20 km crust solid rock, mostly granite and basalt 150 km asthenosphere (mantle) soft slow flowing material 2,000 km mantle hot, but liquid material 4,000 km outer core molten iron and nickel 6,000 km inner core solid iron and nickel
Outer core Earth s Crust Mantle Inner core
