Common Grammar Points for SAT Test Preparation
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P
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P
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R
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M
This refers to the structure of a sentence’s
parts/clauses; they need to follow the same format.
PROBLEM: After school she often
attends
club
meetings
,
is playing
soccer
, or
tries
to listen to
music
.
FIXED: After school she often
attends
club
meetings,
plays
soccer, or
listens
to music.
P
O
I
N
T
o
f
V
I
E
W
C
O
N
S
I
S
T
E
N
C
Y
Once a POV—first person, 2
nd
person, 3
rd
person—is
established, it must be maintained.
PROBLEM: If
you
want to know the truth about the
scandal,
one
should follow the money trail.
FIXED: If
you
want to know the truth about the scandal,
you
should follow the money trail.
T
E
N
S
E
C
O
N
S
I
S
T
E
N
C
Y
Once a tense—past, present, future—is
established, it needs to be maintained.
PROBLEM: At the party the guests
are having
a
great time, but the staff members
felt
stressed.
FIXED: At the party the guests
are having
a great
time, but the staff members
are
feeling stressed.
C
O
M
M
O
N
L
Y
C
O
N
F
U
S
E
D
W
O
R
D
S
Too
: indicates an additional person, thing, amount, etc.
She is going to the prom,
too
.
To
: part of a verb phrase or part of a prepositional phrase
Verb: I like
to
ski.
Preposition: She is going
to
the movie.
Two
: number
I ate
two
donuts for breakfast.
There
: Indicates placement/position
Put the dessert over
there
.
Their
: Indicates possession
Students worked hard; I can see
their
efforts in making paper
revisions.
They’re
: contraction for “they are”
I’m going to sleep, but
they’re
going to play Monopoly
.
C
O
M
M
O
N
L
Y
C
O
N
F
U
S
E
D
W
O
R
D
S
I
t
s
v
s
i
t
’
s
•
Its: indicates ownership
The baseball team lost
its
fan base after tanking
every game.
•
It’s: contraction for “it is”
The school’s football team won every game, and
it’s
headed to play offs!
Y
o
u
r
v
s
.
Y
o
u
’
r
e
Your: indicates ownership
Your
car is parked in the wrong spot.
You’re: contraction for “you are”
If
you’re
going to drive, then park in the right spot.
P
L
U
R
A
L
v
s
.
P
O
S
S
E
S
S
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V
E
PLURAL
: indicates more than 1 of something.
•
The
seniors
are about to graduate.
•
The
juniors
want to drive next year.
POSSESIVE
: indicates ownership
•
The
seniors’ graduation date
is June 15. (many
seniors own that date)
•
The
junior’s parking permit
will be awarded. (one
junior owns a permit)
•
The
juniors’ fee for a parking spot is high
. (many
juniors have a fee).
C
A
S
E
Case (nominative, objective, etc. refers to forms words take
based on its parts of speech/its function in a sentence.
•
PROBLEM: The principal will sit in the auditorium in front of
you and I
.
•
FIXED: The principal will sit in the auditorium in front of
you
and me
.
*Note that “of” starts a prepositional phrase, so “you
and me” serve as the object of the preposition. Try re-
writing: The principal will sit in front of I? NOPE! In front
of ME.
•
PROBLEM:
Who
is the coach considering for MVP?
•
FIXED:
Whom
is the coach considering for MVP?
*Note: Try re-writing to answer: The coach is considering
him/he? The answer would be “him,” so “whom” is the
answer, since it’s the same case.
Explore essential grammar points for SAT test success, including parallelism, POV consistency, tense consistency, commonly confused words, and more. Enhance your writing skills and ace the SAT with these valuable tips.
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Presentation Transcript
MISCELLANEOUS Grammar Points
You could see questions about the following on your SAT: Parallelism POV consistency Tense consistency Commonly confused words (like too, to, two or their, there, their) Plural vs. possessive Case (when to use we vs. us, they vs. them, etc.) *We ve started to look at many of these already!
PARALLELISM This refers to the structure of a sentence s parts/clauses; they need to follow the same format. PROBLEM: After school she often attends club meetings, is playing soccer, or tries to listen to music. FIXED: After school she often attends club meetings, plays soccer, or listens to music.
POINT of VIEW CONSISTENCY Once a POV first person, 2ndperson, 3rdperson is established, it must be maintained. PROBLEM: If you want to know the truth about the scandal, one should follow the money trail. FIXED: If you want to know the truth about the scandal, you should follow the money trail.
TENSE CONSISTENCY Once a tense past, present, future is established, it needs to be maintained. PROBLEM: At the party the guests are having a great time, but the staff members felt stressed. FIXED: At the party the guests are having a great time, but the staff members are feeling stressed.
COMMONLY CONFUSED WORDS Too: indicates an additional person, thing, amount, etc. She is going to the prom, too. To: part of a verb phrase or part of a prepositional phrase Verb: I like to ski. Preposition: She is going to the movie. Two: number I ate two donuts for breakfast. There: Indicates placement/position Put the dessert over there. Their: Indicates possession Students worked hard; I can see their efforts in making paper revisions. They re: contraction for they are I m going to sleep, but they re going to play Monopoly.
COMMONLY CONFUSED WORDS Its vs it s Its: indicates ownership The baseball team lost its fan base after tanking every game. It s: contraction for it is The school s football team won every game, and it s headed to play offs! Your vs. You re Your: indicates ownership Your car is parked in the wrong spot. You re: contraction for you are If you re going to drive, then park in the right spot.
PLURAL vs. POSSESSIVE PLURAL: indicates more than 1 of something. The seniors are about to graduate. The juniors want to drive next year. POSSESIVE: indicates ownership The seniors graduation date is June 15. (many seniors own that date) The junior s parking permit will be awarded. (one junior owns a permit) The juniors fee for a parking spot is high. (many juniors have a fee).
CASE Case (nominative, objective, etc. refers to forms words take based on its parts of speech/its function in a sentence. PROBLEM: The principal will sit in the auditorium in front of you and I. FIXED: The principal will sit in the auditorium in front of you and me. *Note that of starts a prepositional phrase, so you and me serve as the object of the preposition. Try re- writing: The principal will sit in front of I? NOPE! In front of ME. PROBLEM: Who is the coach considering for MVP? FIXED: Whom is the coach considering for MVP? *Note: Try re-writing to answer: The coach is considering him/he? The answer would be him, so whom is the answer, since it s the same case.
