Colloids and Their Importance in Pharmaceuticals
Colloids
and their
role
in
Pharmaceutical
Industry
Colloids
A
m
ixture
i
n
w
h
ich
v
ery
s
m
all
p
ar
t
ic
l
es
o
f
on
e
substance
are
distributed evenly throughout another
substance.
Hi
st
o
r
y
to
This term was first used in
1862
to
distinguish colloids from
crystalloids.
Colloids have been studied by
scientists since the early
1800’s.
Introduction
The word
“colloid”
was
derived
from
the Greek,
“kolla”
for
glue.
Colloid is short synonym for colloidal
system.
The heterogeneous biphasic
system.
Size
of
colloidal particle ranges
from 1nm
to
100nm.
Classification
t
w
o
cr
i
ter
i
a's
for
c
l
assificat
i
on
of
There
are
colloids.
1.
Based on
the state
of Aggregation of
phase
2.
Based on the interaction
of
phase
Aggregation
of
phase
Based
on
the
state
of
aggregation
of
dispersed
phase
and
dispersion
medium,
colloidal
solutions
are
classified
into
1.
Aerosol
(liquid or solid
in
gas)
2.
Foam
(gas
in
liquid)
3.
Emulsion
(liquid
in
liquid)
4.
Sol
(solid
in
liquid)
5.
Gel
(liquid
in
solid)
Interaction
of
phase
O
n
the
bas
i
s
o
f
a
f
f
i
n
ity
b
etween
t
w
o
pha
s
es,
colloidal solutions
are
classified
into
1.
Lyophobic
sols
Examples sols
of
Metals, sulphur
2.
Lyophilic
sols
Examples gums,
starch
Preparation
used
f
or
t
h
e
Two
methods
are
generally
preparation of colloidal
solutions.
1.
By
Condensation
2.
By
Dispersion
General
Properties
Kinetic
properties
Brownian
motion
Rapid,
random, zigzag movement
of
colloidal
particles
through dispersion
medium.
This
movement is
due
to
bombardment
of
colloidal
particles by
the molecules of
dispersion
medium.
Optical
properties
Tyndall
Effect
Light
scattering
by colloidal
particles.
Bright
cone
of
scattered
light
is
called
Tyndall
cone.
Electrical
properties
Charges
on
colloidal
particles:
Colloidal particles
always
carry some
charge
otherwise
the
colloidal
solution
would
be
unstable.
It
may
be
positively
or
negatively
charged.
Due
to
acidic
and
basic
groups
Purification
The colloidal solutions
prepared
by
any
method
contain
different
impurities.
They can
be
separated
by
1.
Dialysis
2.
Ultrafiltration
Role
in
pharmaceutics
Therapy
Colloidal
system
are
used
as
therapeutic
agents
in
different
areas.
Colloidal
medicines
are more
effective
and
are
easily
absorbed
in our
system.
Example
,penicillin
and
streptomycin.
Eye
lotions
There
are
various
eye
lotions that
are
prepared by colloidal
solutions.
Argyrol
and
protargyrol
Colloidal
sulphur
It is
used
as
disinfectants.
It is a
homeopathic
remedy used
to
treat
skin conditions such
as
psoriasis,
eczema
etc.
Colloidal
copper
It is
used
in
treatment
of
cancer.
It is
used
as a
remedy
for
burns,
arthritis,
parasites,
viral
and
bacterial
infections.
Colloidal
Gold
It is
diagnostic
agent
for
paresis.
It is
used
as
mineral
supplement
to
augment
the
body’s
immune
system.
Colloidal
silver
It is an
unrivalled
anti-biotic.
It
destroy
all types
of
virus, bad fungi
and
bacteria.
It
promotes
healing.
Colloidal
electrolytes
Increase
solubility,
stability
and
taste
of
compounds
Used as
additives
in
drugs
E.g.
Quaternary
Ammonium
salts
colloidal
Silica
Prevents
flocculation.
Stability
to
drugs.
e.g.
silicon
dioxide
Natural
colloids
Plasma
protein.
Gelatin
coating over tablets
and
granules.
For
protection.
Colloids play a vital role in the pharmaceutical industry as heterogeneous biphasic systems with particle sizes ranging from 1nm to 100nm. They are classified based on aggregation and interaction of phases, with examples like aerosols, foams, emulsions, and more. Colloids can be prepared by condensation or dispersion methods and exhibit unique properties such as slow diffusion, colored appearance, and settling upon centrifugation. Brownian motion describes the rapid, random movement of colloidal particles in a dispersion medium.
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Presentation Transcript
Colloids and their role in Pharmaceutical Industry
Colloids A mixture in which very small particles of one substance are distributed evenly throughout another substance.
History This term was first used in 1862 to distinguish colloids from crystalloids. Colloids have been studied by scientists since the early 1800 s. to
Introduction The word colloid was derived from the Greek, kolla for glue. Colloid is short synonym for colloidal system. The heterogeneous biphasic system. Size of colloidal particle ranges from 1nm to100nm.
Classification There are two criteria's for classification of colloids. 1. Based on the state of Aggregation ofphase 2. Based on the interaction of phase
Aggregation of phase Based on the state of aggregation of dispersed phase and dispersion medium, colloidal solutions are classified into 1.Aerosol (liquid or solid in gas) 2. Foam (gas in liquid) 3. Emulsion (liquid in liquid) 4. Sol (solid in liquid) 5. Gel (liquid in solid)
Interaction of phase On the basis of affinity between two phases, colloidal solutions are classified into Lyophobicsols 1. Examples sols of Metals, sulphur 2. Lyophilic sols Examples gums, starch
Preparation Two preparation of colloidal solutions. 1. By Condensation 2. By Dispersion methods are generally used for the
GeneralProperties 1. Phase Heterogeneous 2. Particle size 1nm to 100nm 3. Separation Ultrafiltration 4. Setting Settles on centrifugation 5. Appearance Generally clear 6. Diffusion Diffuse slowly 7. Color Invariably colored Examples Milk, Blood, fog
Kineticproperties Brownian motion Rapid, random, zigzag movement of colloidal particles through dispersion medium. This movement is due to bombardment of colloidal particles by the molecules of dispersion medium.
Opticalproperties Tyndall Effect Light scattering by colloidal particles. Bright cone of scattered light is called Tyndall cone.
Electricalproperties Charges on colloidal particles: Colloidal particles always carry some charge otherwise the colloidal solution would be unstable. It may be positively or negatively charged. Due to acidic and basic groups
Purification The colloidal solutions prepared by any method contain different impurities. They can be separated by 1. Dialysis 2. Ultrafiltration
Role in pharmaceutics Therapy Colloidal system are used as therapeutic agents in different areas. Colloidal medicines are more effective and are easily absorbed in our system. Example ,penicillin and streptomycin.
Eye lotions There are various eye lotions that are prepared by colloidal solutions. Argyrol and protargyrol
Colloidalsulphur It is used as disinfectants. It is a homeopathic remedy used to treat skin conditions such as psoriasis, eczema etc.
Colloidal copper It is used in treatment of cancer. It is used as a remedy for burns, arthritis, parasites, viral and bacterial infections.
Colloidal Gold It is diagnostic agent for paresis. It is used as mineral supplement to augment the body s immune system.
Colloidal silver It is an unrivalled anti-biotic. It destroy all types of virus, bad fungi and bacteria. It promotes healing.
Colloidal electrolytes Increase solubility, stability and taste of compounds Used as additives in drugs E.g. Quaternary Ammonium salts
colloidalSilica Preventsflocculation. Stability to drugs. e.g. silicon dioxide
Natural colloids Plasma protein. Gelatin coating over tablets and granules. For protection.
