Challenges in Material and Component Harmonization

The presentation discusses the challenges faced in harmonizing materials and components in the production of RF superconducting cavities and cables. It highlights the impact of standards, the tendering process, and the need for usable standards to streamline discussions and interpretations. The presentation addresses the labyrinth of specifications, variations in material specifications among different institutes, and the limited number of players in the industry affecting harmonization efforts.

• Material harmonization
• Component reference
• RF superconducting
• Standards
• Specifications

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1. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE Hanau, 10.04.2017, Bernd Spaniol

2. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE The view from a producer of semi finished materials and components Materials: - Nb RRR for RF SC cavities - Nb for Nb3Sn SC cables RF SC Landscape: The labyrinth of Specifications: The influence of unusable standards: - how wrong HARMONIZATION is opening the way to diversification The influence of usable standards: - less discussions, less interpretation, a signpost The influence of the tendering process: The AMICI conference, more than giving proposals: 2 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

3. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE Our view point - producer of semi finished products and components - quite early in the value chain - the end use is done at the customer of the customer of the - communication interfaces Material product Nb RRR sheets, rods, tubes, semi finished components RF SC cavities cavities cryomoduls accelerators Nb and NbTa rods used in product chain Nb3Sn SC cables SC cables SC magnets cryomoduls accelerators 3 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

4. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE Products: 4 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

5. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE The Nb RF SC Landscape: ~ 5 ~ 10 Nb RRR material Producer ~ 50 RF SC manufaturer Industry - a quite small number of players - best prediction for HARMONIZATION and Standardization High Energy Physik Institutes 5 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

6. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE The labyrinth of Specifications: - Nb RRR - State of the art every Institute is using its own material specification even for the same project, different material specifications are created e.q. ESS / medium beta INFN / high beta ASTeC - Variations chemistry tests to be done sample scope 6 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

7. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE The labyrinth of Specifications: Specification request vs natural limits of the physics High purity to get high RRR values vs fine grains after recrystallization RRR 300 + is predicting a minimum of Interstitials and metallic impurities that minimum of Interstitials and metallic impurities can not act as growing-cells for new grains during the recrystallization We have to do a bad compromise of not fully annealing and degradation of the RRR to find the working window to meet the specifications RRR - value final product Grain size Overall ASTM # 5 Grain size locally ASTM # 4 Recrystallization 95% 379..395 > 300 333 341 6 6,5 2,5 3,5 100 % 7 8 3,5 4 99 % High purity to get high RRR values vs Yield strength of higher 50 MPa RRR 300 + is predicting a minimum of Interstitials and metallic impurities There are no impurities remaining to block the grain boundaries LG sheets have a Yield strength of 45 to 50 Mpa and the cavities out of that are working fantastic 7 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

8. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE The influence of unusable standards: - how wrong HARMONIZATION is opening the way to diversification - O < 40 g/g - C < 30 g/g - N < 30 g/g - H < 5 g/g RRR 25 8 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

9. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE The influence of usable standards: - less discussions, less interpretation, a signpost 9 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

10. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE The influence of usable standards: - less discussions, less interpretation, a signpost The IEC Standard 61788-23 Will describe an international Standard on measurement of the RRR value of Nb superconductors - measurement at 9,2 K - measurement U vs time - measurement with external magnetic field - extrapolation to 4,2 K 10 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

11. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE DESY Heraeus KEK FNAL Summary 9,2 K Summary 4,2 K RRR (9.2K) RRR (4.2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (4.2K) RRR (9,2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (4.2K) min (9,2K) max (9,2K) range (9,2K) min (4,2K) max (4,2K) range (4,2K) Lot 3253 367 347 399 375 370 348 402 376 365 343 365 343 370 348 sample 1 sample 2 5 5 399 371 402 376 3 5 345 371 RRR (9.2K) 391 379 RRR (4.2K) 427 413 RRR (9.2K) 390 378 RRR (4.2K) 426 411 RRR (9.2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (4.2K) Lot 3244 sample 1 sample 2 390 378 391 379 1 1 426 411 427 413 1 2 RRR (9.2K) 417 408 RRR (4.2K) 458 448 RRR (9.2K) 418 395 RRR (4.2K) 460 431 RRR (9.2K) 417 RRR (9.2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (4.2K) Lot 3247 sample 1 sample 2 417 395 418 408 1 458 431 460 448 2 13 17 RRR (9.2K) 382 383 RRR (4.2K) 416 417 RRR (9.2K) 377 370 RRR (4.2K) 411 403 RRR (9.2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (4.2K) Lot 3259 (No 149) sample 1 sample 2 377 370 382 383 5 411 403 416 417 5 13 14 RRR (9.2K) 344 332 RRR (4.2K) 372 358 RRR (9.2K) 328 332 RRR (4.2K) 354 358 RRR (9.2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (9.2K) RRR (4.2K) Lot 3259 (No 150) sample 1 sample 2 328 332 344 336 16 4 354 358 372 358 18 0 336 376 409 355 385 375 FNAL sample R2 355 376 21 385 409 24 310 332 302 323 293 FNAL sample R3 293 310 17 323 332 9 334 360 346 374 320 FNAL sample R4 320 346 26 360 374 14 319 343 318 341 313 FNAL sample R6 313 319 6 341 343 2 VIII) messsured R vs Temperature @4,2 K using IV) calculated from III) using TTC-Report 2010-02 II) calculated from I) using TTC-Report 2010-02 VII) messured R vs Temperature @ 9,2 K V) messured R vs Temperature @ 9,2 K I) messured R vs Temperature @ 9,2 K VI) messured R vs time @ TC III) messured R vs time @ TC outer magnetic field 11 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

12. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE The influence of the tendering process: - national law is applicable - only a reduced influence on the specifications during the tendering process - example: ESS, high beta ASTeC - at the end the tendering was stopped and postponed 12 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

13. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE The AMICI conference, more than giving proposals: - Questions: how are the results of the AMICI conference being implemented in the future ? shall there be a HARMONIZATION based on international Standards ? IEC, CEN, CENELEC, .. ? - Motivation: let s work together to end up with much more than a proposal 13 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department

14. HARMONIZATION - MATERIAL AND COMPONENT REFERENCE Thank You ! 14 9/12/2024 Presentation title | Author | Department