Challenges and Opportunities in Wastewater Management in Swaziland
Wastewater Production, Treatment,
and Use in Swaziland
Saneliso Makhanya
Third Regional Workshop ‘Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture’, 26-28 September 2012, Johannesburg, South Africa
Wastewater production and treatment
Domestic Activities
Rural
Discarded without minimal treatment
Traditional method i.e. use of ash
Urban
Wastewater plants
Septic ponds
Industrial Activities
Pre-treatment
by respective industries then conveyed
to
Septic ponds
Agricultural Activities
No treatment of waste water
Wastewater use and/or disposal
•
There are
no direct uses of wastewater
in
Swaziland
•
Treated wastewater is
channeled to the main
watercourse
and used for irrigation downstream.
•
Some communities use it for
watering backyard
gardens
with or without traditional treatments
•
There is a potential of wastewater use but the
problem is the
stigma attached to wastewater
Regulations and implementation of guidelines
Two official institutions responsible for
wastewater
in rural and urban areas
Rural Water Supply Branch
Swaziland Water Services Corporation
Draft National Water Policy
(2011) and the
Swaziland Water Act
(2003) advocate for fresh
water management and
docile on re-use of
wastewater
No efforts have been made to recycle
wastewater
for re-use
Challenges
Stigma
attached to wastewater
People are unwilling to adopt wastewater use
People perceive wastewater re-use as taboo
Most industries cheat
and never pre-treat their
wastewater water
Polluter Pays Principle exist but not enforced
Limited capacity and expertise
within the
water sector
No courses/programme offered at the university
specifically for wastewater
Government’s approach to wastewater management
Outlining the possibilities of wastewater use in
future
Government water reports
Mandating institutions to deal with
wastewater
Rural Water Supply Board
Swaziland Water Services Corporation
Training communities to reuse wastewater for
backyard gardens
Rural Water Supply Board
Possible solutions
Capacity building
Introduce wastewater programmes at University
level
knowledge, attitude, practice
Awareness creation
Exchange programme with institutions already
implementing wastewater use.
Policies focusing on wastewater re-use and
management
Enabling environment
Authorities should be willing to adopt wastewater
reuse and management
In Swaziland, wastewater management faces challenges due to stigma, lack of enforcement, and limited expertise. While regulations exist, efforts for recycling wastewater are lacking. The government aims to promote wastewater reuse through community training. Addressing these challenges presents opportunities for sustainable wastewater practices in the future.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
Wastewater Production, Treatment, and Use in Swaziland Saneliso Makhanya Third Regional Workshop Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture , 26-28 September 2012, Johannesburg, South Africa
Wastewater production and treatment Domestic Activities Rural Discarded without minimal treatment Traditional method i.e. use of ash Urban Wastewater plants Septic ponds Industrial Activities Pre-treatment by respective industries then conveyed to Septic ponds Agricultural Activities No treatment of waste water
Wastewater use and/or disposal There are no direct uses of wastewater in Swaziland Treated wastewater is channeled to the main watercourse and used for irrigation downstream. Some communities use it for watering backyard gardens with or without traditional treatments There is a potential of wastewater use but the problem is the stigma attached to wastewater
Regulations and implementation of guidelines Two official institutions responsible for wastewater in rural and urban areas Rural Water Supply Branch Swaziland Water Services Corporation Draft National Water Policy (2011) and the Swaziland Water Act (2003) advocate for fresh water management and docile on re-use of wastewater No efforts have been made to recycle wastewater for re-use
Challenges Stigma attached to wastewater People are unwilling to adopt wastewater use People perceive wastewater re-use as taboo Most industries cheat and never pre-treat their wastewater water Polluter Pays Principle exist but not enforced Limited capacity and expertise within the water sector No courses/programme offered at the university specifically for wastewater
Governments approach to wastewater management Outlining the possibilities of wastewater use in future Government water reports Mandating institutions to deal with wastewater Rural Water Supply Board Swaziland Water Services Corporation Training communities to reuse wastewater for backyard gardens Rural Water Supply Board
Possible solutions Capacity building Introduce wastewater programmes at University level knowledge, attitude, practice Awareness creation Exchange programme with institutions already implementing wastewater use. Policies focusing on wastewater re-use and management Enabling environment Authorities should be willing to adopt wastewater reuse and management
