Bentham and Hooker's System of Classification in Botany
Bentham and Hooker's system of classification in botany is a natural system based on a large number of characters considered simultaneously. Proposed by British taxonomists George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker, this system categorizes seed plants into classes, orders, families, and genera. It is still widely used for plant identification and study in labs and fields due to its comprehensive nature. The system was detailed in the book "Genera plantarum," published in the 19th century, and remains significant in botanical classification.
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B. SC. II YEAR BOTANY SEM III PAPER VII TAXONOMY OF ANGIOSPERMS Unit 1 Chaptor3 Bentham and Hooker s System up to series level, its Merits and Demerits Dr. Vikas Gambhire
UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3 BENTHAM AND HOOKER S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION (A) Introduction:- The Bentham and Hooker s system is most popular and most important system of classification. It is natural systems of classification i. e. based on large no. of characters considered at same time. The system involves classification of most of the seed plants known at that time.
UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3 BENTHAM AND HOOKER S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION (A) Introduction:- The system British taxonomists George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker. George Bentham (1800-1884) was a self trained botanist, and Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911) director of the Royal Botanical Garden, Kew (England). They recorded precise description of most of the plants known at that time. was proposed by two was the first
UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3 BENTHAM AND HOOKER S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION (A) Introduction:- Their monumental work took about quarter of a century for completion. It was described in a three volume book Genera plantarum, published in Latin during July 1862 and April 1883. Bentham and Hooker s classification is still used and followed in several herbaria of the world. It is supposed to be the best system for the students to identify plants in the laboratory as well in fields. system of
UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3 BENTHAM AND HOOKER S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION (A) Introduction:- Bentham and Hooker s system: It is a classification of only the seed plants or phanerogams. They described 97,205 species of seed plants. The 97,205 species of seed plants were classified in to 7,569 genera, 202 families, 21 orders, 21 series, 3 subclasses and 3 classes. Salient Features of
UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3 BENTHAM AND HOOKER S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION (A) Introduction:- Salient Features of Bentham and Hooker s system: They classified all the seed plants into 3 groups or classes i.e. Dicotyledons (165 families), families) and monocotyledons families). Monocotyledons were described after the dicotyledons. gymnosperms (3 (34
UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3 BENTHAM AND HOOKER S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION (B) Outline of the system:-
UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3 BENTHAM AND HOOKER S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION (C) Merits and Demerits:- (a) Merits- It is first great natural system of classification. It is used in almost all herbaria of India and many herbaria of world. It is very convenient to study. It is very easy to use practically in laboratories and on the field.
UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3 BENTHAM AND HOOKER S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION (C) Merits and Demerits:- (a) Merits- Order Ranales beginning and treated as primitive order. It is accepted by almost all taxonomists. The position of Dicotyledons before Monocotyledons is also accepted by almost all taxonomists. The system is included in the Indian universities. is placed in the very syllabuses popular and all of
UNIT 1 CHAPTER 3 BENTHAM AND HOOKER S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION (C) Merits and Demerits:- (b) Demerits- The most diagnostic demerit of the system is, the position of Gymnosperms Dicotyledons and Monocotyledons. The classification of Gymnosperms is incorrect because Cycadaceae should be beginning and Gnetaceae at the last but actual position is vice versa. The overall arrangement of Monochlamydeae and Monocotyledons is unnatural. The presence of Series- indicates every plant properly. in between Ordines has anamoli classified not
