Bearing and Azimuth
Bearing and Azimuth
Bearing
•
Bearing describes the direction of a line; in
highway design, we call it “tangent”
•
It cannot be larger than 90
o
•
It is measured in relation to the north or south
ends and are placed in one of the quadrants
(NE, NW, SE, SW)
•
Each line has two bearings, depending on
which end of the line is being considered
http://www.firstam.com/faf/dimensions/directions.html
True Meridian
Note: Old maps use
Magnetic Meridian
Azimuth
CONVERTING
Converting Bearing to Azimuth:
North East
: azimuth angle equals bearing Angle
Ex: N 76
o
30’ E = 76
o
30’
South East
: azimuth angle equals 180 minus bearing angle
Ex: S 42
o
28’ E = 180
o
– 42
o
28’ = 137
o
32’
South West
: azimuth angle equals 180 plus bearing angle
Ex: S 36
o
47’ W = 180
o
+ 36
o
47’ = 216
o
47’
North West
: azimuth angle equals 360 minus bearing angle
Ex: N 62
o
56’ W = 360
o
- 62
o
56’ = 297
o
04’
CONVERTING
Converting Azimuth to Bearing:
North East
: the prefix N and the suffix E must be added
Ex: 76
o
30’ = N 76
o
30’ E
South East
: the azimuth angle is subtracted from 180
o
and S and
E are added
Ex: 168
o
40’ = 180
o
– 168
o
40’ = S 11
o
20’ E
South West
: 180
o
is subtracted from the azimuth angle and S and
W are added
Ex: 195
o
22’ = 195
o
22’ – 180
o
= S 15
o
22’ W
North West
: the azimuth angle is subtracted from 360
o
and N
and W are added
Ex: 314
o
35’ = 360
o
– 314
o
35’ = N 45
o
25’ W
BEARING
S 85
o
10’ 15” E
N 65
o
11’ 36” E
N 90
o
0’ 0” E
N
The center line is always located in the
middle of the highway, with the exception
of the PI for horizontal curves.
BEARING
S 75
o
10’ 15” E
N 65
o
11’ 36” E
N 90
o
0’ 0” E
N
Δ
Convert bearing to azimuth:
S 75
o
10’ 15” E = 104
o
49’ 45’’
N 65
o
11’ 36” E = 65
o
11’ 36”
Compute angle:
Δ
=
104
o
49’ 45’’ - 65
o
11’ 36” = 39
o
38’ 09”
Δ
= 40
o
38’ 09” L (L for left)
Bearing and azimuth play crucial roles in determining directions and locations in various fields such as highway design and mapping. While bearing defines the direction of a line, azimuth provides a more comprehensive angle measurement. Learn how to convert between bearing and azimuth to accurately interpret directional information for different applications.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
Bearing Bearing describes the direction of a line; in highway design, we call it tangent It cannot be larger than 90o It is measured in relation to the north or south ends and are placed in one of the quadrants (NE, NW, SE, SW) Each line has two bearings, depending on which end of the line is being considered
True Meridian Note: Old maps use Magnetic Meridian http://www.firstam.com/faf/dimensions/directions.html
CONVERTING Converting Bearing to Azimuth: North East: azimuth angle equals bearing Angle Ex: N 76o30 E = 76o30 South East: azimuth angle equals 180 minus bearing angle Ex: S 42o28 E = 180o 42o28 = 137o32 South West: azimuth angle equals 180 plus bearing angle Ex: S 36o47 W = 180o + 36o47 = 216o47 North West: azimuth angle equals 360 minus bearing angle Ex: N 62o56 W = 360o - 62o56 = 297o04
CONVERTING Converting Azimuth to Bearing: North East: the prefix N and the suffix E must be added Ex: 76o30 = N 76o30 E South East: the azimuth angle is subtracted from 180o and S and E are added Ex: 168o40 = 180o 168o40 = S 11o20 E South West: 180o is subtracted from the azimuth angle and S and W are added Ex: 195o22 = 195o22 180o = S 15o22 W North West: the azimuth angle is subtracted from 360o and N and W are added Ex: 314o35 = 360o 314o35 = N 45o25 W
BEARING N N 90o 0 0 E CL The center line is always located in the middle of the highway, with the exception of the PI for horizontal curves.
BEARING N N 90o 0 0 E CL Convert bearing to azimuth: S 75o10 15 E = 104o49 45 N 65o11 36 E = 65o11 36 Compute angle: = 104o49 45 - 65o11 36 = 39o38 09 = 40o38 09 L (L for left)
