Arsenic Removal by Activated Carbon: Study & Findings
The research delves into the efficient removal of arsenic from water using various types of activated carbon. Findings indicate the impact of modification, pH, temperature, and co-ions on adsorption capacity and efficiency, showcasing superior results with iron-modified activated carbon and biomass-derived options.
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REMOVAL OF ARSENIC FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY ADSORPTION WITH ACTIVATED CARBON GROUP MEMBERS: Ajit Singh Patel Kuldeep Singh Reyad Ranjon Roy
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: BACKGROUND: Sources of arsenic Why is its removal necessary? Methods for removal OBJECTIVE: Removal of arsenic upto permissible limit. Comparison of adsorption parameters Study the effect of modification, pH, temperature and presence of co-ions. Selection of efficient and economic method
METHODS: The following types of activated carbon were used for : Adsorption capacity and Isotherm study Kinetic study pH change, temperature variation, presence of co-ions Coal derived activated carbon modified with NZVI Bituminous based, coconut coal and wood based activated carbon apricot stone based activated carbon hybrid adsorbents Activated carbons with iron hydro(oxide) nanoparticles Biomass waste (bean pods) derived activated carbon china calgon activated carbon Darco and norrit activated carbon Charcoal activated carbon Activated carbon from fibre cloths Activated carbon from pine wood sawdust
FINDINGS: modification of AC by iron gives higher removal and reduction in regeneration frequency. rapid adsorption and better removal efficiency by modification with Fe+3 than Fe+2. amount of iron present in water affects adsorption capacity as when amount of Fe increases from 0 to 4.22% only then removal efficiency increases. Oxidised AC gives very rapid and efficient removal upto less than 10 microgram/L As content. the activated carbon, with higher value of ash content , was more effective in removing As(V) . Biomass(bean pods) derived AC provides very cheap removal of As(III). This type of AC have higher efficiency than other for same specific Area .
Generally maximum adsorption capacity is found between pH 6-8 ,but bituminous waste and coconut husk based AC gives maximum adsorption capacity at pH 11. coal derived AC which is modified with NZVI particles is superior for removal of As(III) in available pH conditions for natural water. Charcoal based AC is found to be best for the removal of As(V) in pH range from 6 to 8. SO42- and Cl- have more affinity to AC than arsenic. Presence of common divalent cation like Mg+2,Ca+2 and Fe+2 increases the removal % of arsenate whereas presence of Ag+ and Cu+ increases the removal % of As(III) but decreases the removal % of As(V) considerably . Adsorption by Fe+2 modified AC is endothermic while Adsorption by Fe+3 modified AC is found exothermic in case of apricot based AC. Some AC shows insignificant change in adsorption capacity with temperature variation.
Issues and directions for further research For economic new waste produced materials such as from nutshell, peat etc. should be used for the production of AC. New modification method should introduce because Modified activated carbon has more adsorption capacity than virgin activated carbon.
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