Analyzing Literary Texts Through Distant Reading
A DISTANT READING OF
EMPIRE
Professor Scott Enderle and Mae Capozzi
Close Reading
“It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single
man in possession of a good fortune must be in
want of a wife. However little known the feelings or
views of such a man may be on his first entering a
neighborhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds
of the surrounding families, that he is considered as
the rightful property of some one or other of their
daughters”(Austen 1).
Close Reading
Critics draw conclusions about large period of time
from a limited corpus.
Distant Reading
Franco Moretti
Analysis of a large corpus “from a distance.”
Rather than drawing conclusions about a large
corpus from a few novels, the scholar can bring
broad-based knowledge of a period to her
analysis of just a few novels.
Matthew Jockers
Macroanalysis
“Though not ‘everything’ has been digitized, we
have reached a tipping point, an event horizon
where enough text and literature have been
encoded to both allow and, indeed, force us to ask
an entirely new set of questions about literature
and the literary record”(Jockers 4).
Digital Humanities
Intersection of humanities and computing.
Archive-building, Game Theory
Blogging
Another aspect of DH work.
We maintained a blog to share our research with
the greater DH community.
www.readingfromadistance.wordpress.com
Topic Modeling
MALLET
MAchine Learning for LanguagE Toolkit
LDA
The gist: A complex algorithm that places words into
different bins based on co-occurrence.
Topic 1: Trade and Public Revenue
1
0.33333
trade public money revenue years
year great country tax intereft amount fum taxes
paid company cent england price debt pay land
india war debts commerce prefent produce london
millions expence duties goods nation might annual
national expences duty government account foreign
printed kingdom time part capital increafe britain
parliament credit
Flaws
Learning Curve
Preprocessing
Topic 114: India
114
0.33333
company nabob india bengal country government governor council
colonel board court committee rupees bombay troops vizier honourable fort
gentlemen army directors haftings calcutta received power trade rajah made
affairs appendix englifh lacks part chief war khan military time officers dated
march revenues ally opinion provinces madras eaft sing clive prefident major
fervants year force powers authority peace row pay william late terms forces paid
place money europeans prefidency tanjore european marattas copy dominions
agreed means mahomed meer province francis honour might article proceedings
plan natives ragoba proper mogul officer narrative future amount men large
command written indian entered cafe chiefs conduct charge members due private
lands month merchants leave maratta benares immediately french wrote give
account minute upton order poona fent nizam payment fend john hall captain
protection april revenue raja signed arrival people receive mentioned territories
report madrafs remain demand east field select accounts concluded supreme
meafures influence laid agents grant george hands granted appears commander
days indies party empire propofed february asia inhabitants zemindars execution
agreement sepoys return united full letters years warren juftice camp proprietors
prefent engagements charges january brigade appointment proceed attention
tribute govern months true reply beg bahar enemy surat half determined meafure
ordered
Topic 114
“Company”
British East India Company
Battle of Plassey in 1857
Defeats last remaining Nawab of Bengal
“Nabob”
Derived from “nawab.”
Nawab is the term for a governor in the Mughal period.
Used to describe an Englishman who had “gone native.”
“India”
Self-explanatory
India is a British word.
Topic 114
Other interesting words
Clive
Robert Clive was a major player in the solidification of the
East India Company in India.
Battle of Plassey
Hastings
Warren Hastings became the first governor-general of
Bengal from 1772 to 1785.
Hastings was impeached by Edmund Burke but he was
acquitted in 1795. His trial was a popular topic of
discussion.
Results
Undergraduate Research
Blogging
Python
Re:Humanities Conference
In literary analysis, scholars employ techniques like close reading and distant reading to gain insights from large data sets or individual texts. Explore how scholars like Franco Moretti and Matthew Jockers use distant reading and macroanalysis to uncover hidden patterns and trends in literature. Discover the intersection of humanities and computing in Digital Humanities, including tools like topic modeling and machine learning for language analysis. Dive into the world of literary criticism and explore the evolving landscape of literary studies in the digital age.
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Presentation Transcript
A DISTANT READING OF EMPIRE Professor Scott Enderle and Mae Capozzi
Close Reading It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighborhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters (Austen 1).
Close Reading Critics draw conclusions about large period of time from a limited corpus.
Distant Reading Franco Moretti Analysis of a large corpus from a distance. Rather than drawing conclusions about a large corpus from a few novels, the scholar can bring broad-based knowledge of a period to her analysis of just a few novels.
Matthew Jockers Macroanalysis Though not everything has been digitized, we have reached a tipping point, an event horizon where enough text and literature have been encoded to both allow and, indeed, force us to ask an entirely new set of questions about literature and the literary record (Jockers 4).
Digital Humanities Intersection of humanities and computing. Archive-building, Game Theory
Blogging Another aspect of DH work. We maintained a blog to share our research with the greater DH community. www.readingfromadistance.wordpress.com
Topic Modeling MALLET MAchine Learning for LanguagE Toolkit LDA The gist: A complex algorithm that places words into different bins based on co-occurrence.
Topic 1: Trade and Public Revenue 1 0.33333 year great country tax intereft amount fum taxes paid company cent england price debt pay land india war debts commerce prefent produce london millions expence duties goods nation might annual national expences duty government account foreign printed kingdom time part capital increafe britain parliament credit trade public money revenue years
Flaws Learning Curve Preprocessing
Topic 114: India 114 colonel board court committee rupees bombay troops vizier honourable fort gentlemen army directors haftings calcutta received power trade rajah made affairs appendix englifh lacks part chief war khan military time officers dated march revenues ally opinion provinces madras eaft sing clive prefident major fervants year force powers authority peace row pay william late terms forces paid place money europeans prefidency tanjore european marattas copy dominions agreed means mahomed meer province francis honour might article proceedings plan natives ragoba proper mogul officer narrative future amount men large command written indian entered cafe chiefs conduct charge members due private lands month merchants leave maratta benares immediately french wrote give account minute upton order poona fent nizam payment fend john hall captain protection april revenue raja signed arrival people receive mentioned territories report madrafs remain demand east field select accounts concluded supreme meafures influence laid agents grant george hands granted appears commander days indies party empire propofed february asia inhabitants zemindars execution agreement sepoys return united full letters years warren juftice camp proprietors prefent engagements charges january brigade appointment proceed attention tribute govern months true reply beg bahar enemy surat half determined meafure ordered 0.33333 company nabob india bengal country government governor council
Topic 114 Company British East India Company Battle of Plassey in 1857 Defeats last remaining Nawab of Bengal Nabob Derived from nawab. Nawab is the term for a governor in the Mughal period. Used to describe an Englishman who had gone native. India Self-explanatory India is a British word.
Topic 114 Other interesting words Clive Robert Clive was a major player in the solidification of the East India Company in India. Battle of Plassey Hastings Warren Hastings became the first governor-general of Bengal from 1772 to 1785. Hastings was impeached by Edmund Burke but he was acquitted in 1795. His trial was a popular topic of discussion.
Undergraduate Research Blogging Python Re:Humanities Conference
