AEROSOL THERAPY

Aerosol therapy plays a crucial role in managing respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD. It involves devices like pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) and spacers to deliver medication effectively to the lungs. This form of treatment is portable, efficient, and offers reproducible dose delivery, but it also comes with coordination challenges and potential drawbacks. Spacers can enhance drug delivery efficiency by optimizing lung deposition and reducing oropharyngeal particle deposition. Understanding the indications, advantages, and disadvantages of aerosol therapy devices is essential for effective patient care.

• Aerosol Therapy
• Respiratory Diseases
• pMDI
• Spacers
• Lung Delivery

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Uploaded on Feb 27, 2025 | 0 Views

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1. AEROSOL THERAPY

2. AEROSOL THERAPY pMDI pMDI + Spacer pMDI + Spacer + facial mask DPI NEBULIZERS

3. Metered Dose Inhalers A metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is a device that delivers a specific amount of medication to the lungs, in the form of a short burst of aerosolized medicine that is usually self-administered by the patient via inhalation. It is the most commonly used delivery system for treating asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory diseases.

4. pMDI (pressurised metered dose inhaler) Indications for use: ability to follow instructions stable ventilatory pattern adequate inspiratory capacity (>900 mL) ability to mechanically coordinate actuation and breathing

5. pMDI procedure Shake canister, prime according to drug being used Place MDI between lips, mouth closed, tongue out of the way Exhale to end tidal volume Start inhaling slowly, actuate canister Inhale slowly to TLC 5-10 sec breath hold Exhale normally Repeat after 1 minute

6. pMDI - Advantages portable and compact efficient, reproducible aerosol dose delivery short treatment time no drug preparation or contamination some are breath-actuated

7. pMDI - disadvantages coordination and instruction required fixed drug concentrations,more actuations airway irritation from propellant may occur high oropharyngeal loss if spacer is not used environmental release of chloroflourocarbons Not all medications available

8. pMDI + Spacers - Indications for use Inhalation of drugs from an MDI: optimal lung delivery and minimizes oropharyngeal deposition Patients with poor hand-breathing coordination

9. Spacers Advantages increases time and volume to allow aerosol particle ageing which reduces particle size evaporation of propellant reduced oropharyngeal particle deposition removes the need for hand-breath coordination

10. Spacers Disadvantages large contamination some assembly increased treatment time

11. DPI - Dry Powder Inhaler Use: load dose/capsule as instructed exhale fully away from the device lips on mouthpiece inhale quickly repeat if powder remains in the device

13. DPI - Advantages small and portable short prep and admin times Breath actuated Less coordination Dose counter

14. DPI - disadvantages high inspiratory flowrate needed requires coordination to load capsule not all medications available

15. Nebulizers Indications: person unable to follow instruction for MDI poor inspiratory capacity cannot inspiratory hold rapid/unstable ventilatory pattern non-standard drug concentration/solution

16. Nebulizers Use: 3-5 mL, 6-8 L/min air flow < 10 mm. treatment time slow deep breaths, insp. hold if possible, but any breathing pattern is probably effective

17. Nebulizers - Advantages any drug solution, concentration or mixture, air or oxygen uncoordinated, very young, or in acute distress effective with low inspiratory flows or volumes inspiratory pause not required

18. Nebulizers - Disadvantages equipment is cumbersome and expensive longer treatment time requires cleaning, equipment contamination possible facemask gives a cold wet spray, face and nasal deposition requires compressed gas source (oxygen or compressor)

20. DRUGS Bronchodilatators ICS Adrenaline Mucolitics Antibiotics Saline Dornaze alfa

21. VENTOLIN (SALBUTAMOL) pMDI: 100ug/single inhalation dose Typical dosing: 3x2 inhalation + 2 inhalation if necessery Nebulizer 2,5mg/2,5ml

22. BERODUAL (FORMETREOL + IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE) Nebulizer 1 ml = 20 drops Dose: 1 drop/kg maximum: 40 drops (2ml) + 3ml 0,9% NaCl

23. PULMICORT, NEBBUD (BUDESONIDE) Nebulizer 250ug/2ml 500ug/2ml 1000ug/2ml

24. FLIXOTIDE (FLUTICAZON) pMDI 50 ug/inhalation dose 125 ug/inhalation dose 250 ug/inhalation dose

25. MUCOSOLVAN (AMBROSOL) Nebulizer: 7,5mg/ml

26. ADRENALINE 1-4 mg + 0,9% NaCl