Advanced Beam Diagnostics and Control Systems in Beam Physics

Cutting-edge detector technologies like KAPTURE and KALYPSO are revolutionizing beam diagnostics with ultra-fast Terahertz detectors and advanced line-camera systems. The POF III and POF IV projects focus on extreme beam control and diagnostics, aiming to probe femto-scale dynamics of relativistic plasmas and achieve autonomous accelerators. Collaborative efforts among leading institutes drive the development of new detectors for 6D beam diagnostics, such as THESTRAL, enabling enhanced sensitivity and applications in beam physics, imaging, spectroscopy, and wireless communications.

• Beam Physics
• Detector Technologies
• Beam Diagnostics
• Terahertz Detectors
• Advanced Control Systems

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1. M. Schwickert, M. Caselle Detector Technologies and Systems DTS Beam Physics www.helmholtz.de

2. POF III: Advanced Beam Diagnostics detectors World-leading systems: KAPTURE and KALYPSO KAPTURE is an ultra-wideband readout electronics for ultra-fast Terahertz detectors Local sampling frequency > 300 GS/s KAPTURE Up to 1 GHz pulse repetition rate Pulse amplitude (mV) and arrival time (ps) accuracy KALYPSO is an ultra-fast line-camera KAPTURE MHz continuous frame rate & wide spectrum response Longitudinal bunch profile with fs time resolution KALYPSO Horizontal bunch profile for bunch energy spread M. Caselle et al., JINST 12 C01040 (2017) L. Rota, M. Caselle et al., NIM-A, ISSN 0168-9002 (2018) M. Brosi et al., DOI: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPTS015 S. Funkner et al., DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.22.022801 Express of Interest from CERN (FCC/HL-LHC) and GSI (FAIR) 2 MT Annual Meeting 2020 Caselle Beam Physics

3. POF IV: Advanced beam control, diagnostics & dynamics Control of extreme beams at the forefront of technology Requirements from ARD-ST3: 6D phase space beam tomography, extreme dynamic range Probing the femto-scale dynamics of relativistic plasmas Advanced beam control toward Autonomous Accelerators 3 MT Annual Meeting 2020 Caselle Beam Physics

4. POF IV: Advanced beam control, diagnostics & dynamics Control of extreme beams at the forefront of technology Requirements from ARD-ST3: 6D phase space beam tomography, extreme dynamic range Probing the femto-scale dynamics of relativistic plasmas Advanced beam control toward Autonomous Accelerators From ARD DTS-ST3: To DTS New detectors for 6D beam diagnostics THESTRAL Probing the femto-scale dynamics KALYPSO-LGAD Advanced beam control system by ML inference on FPGA Participating institutes: KIT, DESY, HZB, HZDR, GSI Andreas Jankowiak 4 MT Annual Meeting 2020 Caselle Beam Physics

5. THESTRAL (TeraHErtz pixelated SpecTRAL detector) : A large-area pixelated THz detector Motivation: Hugely increase sensitivity, advanced pixelated detector for THz-science Goal: Genuine 6D THz detector system, combining: spatial, spectral, timing and polarization measurement Milestones DTS-14: Readout ASIC in SiGe technology by 2024, THz detector system by 2025 All subtopics contribute Hybrid design Target applications: beam physics, THz imaging and spectroscopy, medicine, material science, THz wireless communications TSV THzsensor Bump-bonding BiCMOS readout ASIC Detector carrier board PhD position in ASIC BiCMOS (2021 2024) 5 MT Annual Meeting 2020 Caselle Beam Physics

6. KALYPSO based on LGAD Shot-to-shot measurements of complex beam dynamics at hundreds Mfps Motivation: measurement of complex dynamics of the micro-bunches sub-structure in multi-bunching mode Goal: fine-pitch LGAD sensor operating at hundreds Mfps Milestones: Readout ASIC by 2024 Trench isolated LGAD structure no-gain region of ~ few m All subtopics contribute Target applications: beam physics, medicine, material science and more Status: trench isolated LGAD sensor submitted within RD 50 collaboration, foundry FBK Microstrip TI-LGAD sensors with channel pitch of 50 m First development of microstrip LGAD sensor with channel pitch below 100 m 6 MT Annual Meeting 2020 Caselle Beam Physics

7. Advanced beam phase space control by AI Machine Learning toward Autonomous Accelerators Motivation: to stabilize the high brilliance THz beam source emitted by synchrotron accelerators THz detector Goal: Development of a longitudinal feedback system to control the micro-bunching instability with Reinforcement Learning (RL) KAPTURE Target applications: KARA, FLUTE, ARES and more RF System THz intensity (mV) Arrival time (ps) Status: feedback control with RL on FPGA is developed within AMALEA now is ACCLAIM Feedback Experience in the development of fast ML inference deployed on sophisticated readout cards developed at KIT action HighFlex card AI deployed on FPGA PhD position in AI on FPGA (2021- 2024) 7 MT Annual Meeting 2020 Caselle Beam Physics

8. Thank you for your attention 8 MT Annual Meeting 2020 Caselle Beam Physics