Addressing Water Management Challenges in Nile Basin for Sustainable Development Goals by 2030
Effective water management in the Nile Basin is crucial for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. With a rapidly growing population and economy, shared water resources face challenges exacerbated by climate uncertainty. Implementing technical solutions requires enabling legal, policy, and institutional frameworks. Cooperation, conflict resolution, environmental safeguards, and data sharing are essential for sustainable water resource management in shared river basins.
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Addressing water management challenges in Nile Basin Key to achieving the SDGs 2030 11 countries with total population over 415 Million doubling every 20 25 years so far (?) Fast growing economies rapidly growing demands for energy, water (?) Shared river basin with scarce, finite water resources facing climatic uncertainty (?) Technical solution to water management challenges can be effectively implemented only under enabling legal, policy and institutional frameworks
Enabling legal, policy and institutional frameworks for effective implementation of technical solutions Paving the ground for effective cooperation conducive atmosphere for investment and reduced development cost Mechanisms for peaceful resolution of conflicts key pre-requisite for sustainability of water resources management in a shared river basin Common standards for environmental and social safeguards minimization of impacts on ecosystems and their services to people s livelihoods; environmental sustainability, .. Effective consultation and notification mechanisms optimization of basin-wide water resources use Data and information sharing and exchange maximization of benefits from water management interventions, reduction of impacts of extremes (floods, droughts, pollution emergencies, etc) Provisions for joint management and development plans provide avenues for efficient water resources allocation and maximization of benefits to all; no-borders perspective. ??
Scoping the discussion.the themes Notification and consultation mechanisms Standards of Development & implementation of TB Management Plans Environmental and Social Protection Prevention of significant harm Equitable and Reasonable Utilization Duty To Cooperate X Harmonization of TB Water Agreements Information and data sharing mechanisms X
The Nile Basin Region . the constellation Constellations of Regional legal, policy and institutional frameworks Egypt Countries NBI IGAD EAC/LVBC SADC Burundi DR Congo Sudan Egypt Eritrea Eritrea Ethiopia Ethiopia Kenya South Sudan Rwanda South Sudan DR Congo Uganda Sudan Kenya Tanzania Rwanda Tanzania Uganda Burundi
The Nile Basin Initiative The Cooperative Framework Agreement (CFA) Agreement on Declaration of Principles (Egypt, Ethiopia, Sudan) The Nile Basin Sustainability Framework (NBSF) The NBI Environment and Social Policy The NBI Climate Change Strategy The NBI Wetlands Management Strategy The NBI River Basin Monitoring Strategy The NBI Environmental Flow Guidance (under preparation) The NBI Interim Procedures for Data and Information Sharing and Exchange The NBI Project Information Disclosure procedures (under preparation) Eastern Nile and Nile Equatorial Lakes Multi-Sector Investment Strategy/Plans Member countries water laws and policies
IGAD region The IGAD region covers an area of 5.2 million square km and has a total population of. 140 million spread in the countries of Djibouti. Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda. Five IGAD member countries are also members of the Nile Basin Initiative (Eritrea (observer), Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda). Several river basins in IGAD region Key instruments: IGAD Inland Water Resources Management Program(INWRMP ) Regional Water Policy and Water Policy and Legal Framework Regional Water Policy: endorsed by council of minister's of water affairs (March 2015) IGAD region Water Protocol (work in progress) River-basin specific frameworks expected to be developed subsequently
LVBC (EAC) EAC Protocol on Environment and Natural Resources Management was developed and signed on 3rd April, 2006 by all the EAC Partners States; ratification not yet complete. Protocol on sustainable development of LVB which was signed in 2003 and ratified a year later in 2004 provides the most explicit policy document that support management and development of transboundary natural resources Unfortunately, most of the national laws are often in variance and therefore, the urgent need to review and harmonize them to ease of implementation by the basin countries. Policies and strategies developed by the LVBC include: LV Transport Act (2007) and regulations (2010), New Water Release and Abstraction Policy, Water Effluent Standards, Sustainable Land Management Strategies etc Commission has facilitated in the signing of MOU for the joint management of Mara River Basin and Lake Chala Jipe and Umba river ecosystems and is on the process of finalizing one for the joint implementation selected activities in the Mt Elgon including nomination of Mt Elgon as a Regional Transboundary Biosphere Reserve.
Looking forward . Key substantive principles are generally agreed upon however ... 2. Implementation challenges: translating policies/protocols into practice 3. Case specific instruments such as the EN GERD vs comprehensive framework (CFA) how to harness the synergy ? 4. Reconciling the different approaches between national and the several regional/basin-wide policies (IGAD NBI National) 5. Fast tracking implementation on specific cases operationalizing the principles that are already agreed upon learning by doing 1.
