Anaemia can result from various causes such as blood loss, increased destruction of red blood cells, and impaired production, often linked to infections and chronic diseases. Parasites, bacteria, and viruses play a role in the progression of anaemia, affecting the body's ability to produce and utili

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Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections present a significant challenge in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). These infections are caused by over 200 species of atypical mycobacteria found in various environments. The CF-ID Clinic plays a crucial role in managing patients with multi-drug re

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This study estimates the burden of serious fungal infections in Indonesia, a country with rich biodiversity and limited medical mycology facilities. The data indicates a high prevalence of opportunistic infections in AIDS patients and TB cases, with Candidiasis and Cryptococcosis being significant c

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The developmental history of a tooth is segmented into distinct stages, namely the bud, cap, and bell stages. Each stage represents critical morphological changes in tooth development, from the initial formation of tooth buds to the differentiation of enamel organs and dental papilla. Understanding

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When a tooth-ache develops, there are very few things that will settle it. Over the counter analgesic medications can dull the pain for a short period of time but it won\u2019t alleviate the pain completely nor will it solve the underlying problems. When a tooth pulp\/ nerve becomes inflamed due to

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Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are a common issue, more prevalent in women, with causes ranging from poor hygiene to underlying health conditions. The content delves into the classification of UTIs, their main causes, and bacteria responsible for infections. It also covers the complications of UTIs

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Anaerobic bacterial infections are caused by bacteria that do not require oxygen for growth, posing challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This article delves into the types of anaerobic bacteria, their role in human infections, and common clinical presentations such as abscess formation. Gram-negat

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Genitourinary Tract Infections and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are common conditions affecting both men and women. This article, presented by Prof. Dr. Mete Kılcıler from the Department of Urology at Bahçeşehir University School of Medicine, delves into the various aspects of UTIs, in

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The developmental history of a tooth is intriguingly divided into distinct morphologic stages - the bud, cap, and bell stages. Each stage represents a crucial phase in tooth development, from the initial formation of tooth buds to the intricate differentiation of enamel organs and dental papilla. Un

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Explore the structure of a tooth by learning about its various parts such as enamel, dentine, pulp, and more. Discover the difference between the crown and root, and engage in interactive activities like labeling diagrams and creating models to enhance your understanding. Watch a video for a detaile

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The alveolar process in the upper and lower jaw plays a vital role in housing, supporting, and protecting teeth. It anchors tooth roots, facilitates tooth movement for proper occlusion, absorbs and distributes occlusal forces, supplies vessels to the periodontal ligament, and aids in tooth eruption.

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Understanding the distinction between viral and bacterial upper respiratory tract infections is crucial for effective management and treatment. This article discusses key differences in symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches to aid in accurate differentiation between the two types of

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Explore the world of fungi and fungal infections in this foundation block of microbiology. Learn about medically important yeasts, mold fungi, major fungal diseases, antifungal agents, and infection acquisition methods. Dive into hypersensitivity reactions, mycotoxicoses, and various types of fungal

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Female reproductive system infections such as Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), Vaginitis, Cervicitis, Endometritis, and Salpingitis can lead to various symptoms and complications. These conditions are caused by different factors including infections, bacterial imbalances, and sexually transmitted

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Tooth separation is essential in restorative procedures to enhance convenience, achieve proper contacts and contours, improve operative treatment outcomes, and maintain oral health. This process involves slightly moving teeth apart or closer, or changing their spatial position. Different methods suc

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The alveolar process in the upper and lower jaw is responsible for housing the roots of teeth, supporting tooth eruption, providing attachment for facial muscles, and aiding in mastication. During fetal development, the alveolar process forms and separates tooth germs, leading to the differentiation

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Viral infections exhibit diverse cellular tropism based on receptor interactions, impacting cell function through modulation and potential host defense responses. Infections can lead to various outcomes, from cell death to persistent or latent states, with nuanced effects on cellular behavior. Diffe

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Protozoal infections, such as amebiasis, are a significant concern globally. In underdeveloped regions and beyond, these infections pose challenges due to inadequate sanitation and hygiene practices. Antiamebic drugs are essential for treating conditions like amebiasis, caused by Entamoeba histolyti

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Patients are increasingly seeking aesthetic treatments for anterior teeth, leading to the popularity of veneers and laminates. Veneers are tooth-colored layers applied to restore defects and discoloration, offering a less invasive and durable alternative to full crowns. The process involves applying

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The alveolar process in the upper and lower jaw plays a crucial role in supporting teeth, anchoring them to the alveoli with Sharpey's fibers. It helps in tooth movement for proper occlusion, absorbs and distributes occlusal forces, supplies vessels to the periodontal ligament, and protects both pri

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Anthelmintics are essential drugs to combat parasitic worm infections in animals. They work either by killing (vermicide) or expelling (vermifuge) the worms, reducing worm burdens and controlling infections. This comprehensive overview covers different aspects of anthelmintics, including their prope

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Adaptive capacity of the periodontium in response to occlusal forces is variable, influenced by factors like magnitude, direction, duration, and frequency. Trauma from occlusion occurs when occlusal forces exceed tissue's adaptive capacity, leading to tissue injury. It is classified into acute and c

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This lecture covers the classification of respiratory tract infections and the antibiotics commonly used to treat them. It highlights the types of infections caused by viruses and bacteria, along with their respective treatments. The mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics of antibiotics, such as p

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If you\u2019re looking for Wisdom tooth surgery in Orchard, contact Singapore Dental Implant Centre. They offer comprehensive services from all fields of dentistry. From dental implants and wisdom tooth surgery to root canal treatments and dental cro

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Mammalian teeth consist of hard tissues (enamel, dentine, cementum) and soft tissue (tooth pulp). The enamel is the hardest, dentine surrounds the pulp cavity, and cementum covers the dentine and connects to the alveolar bone. Tooth pulp provides support, nourishment, and defense mechanisms. Support

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Health care-associated infections (HCAI), also known as nosocomial or hospital infections, are infections that occur in patients during their hospital stay or after discharge. These infections can result from various sources, including colonization by microorganisms and exposure to contaminated envi

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Tooth fusion is the merging of two tooth germs into a single large crown, which can be complete or incomplete depending on the developmental stage. It can affect primary dentition, mostly incisors and canines. Differentiating fusion from gemination involves examining the pulp chambers. Causes may in

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Understanding the significance of oral hygiene and preventing tooth decay in children is crucial for their overall health. By learning about dental plaque, causes of tooth decay, effective teeth brushing techniques, and the impact of sugary foods and drinks, children can take steps to maintain good

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Explore the causes of tooth discolorations, including both exogenous and endogenous factors, along with the effects of age and various dental conditions. Learn about the importance of tooth shade genuineness and the demand for teeth whitening for improved aesthetics and self-confidence. Discover the

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In this comprehensive guide by Nenad Pandak, various aspects of eye, ear, nose, and throat infections are discussed. The content covers infections such as conjunctivitis, keratitis, pharyngitis, otitis media, and sinusitis. It also delves into causes, clinical presentations, and diagnosis of these i

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Respiratory tract infections are commonly caused by viruses, bacteria, rickettsia, and fungi, leading to various health issues. These infections can be transmitted through droplets, droplet nuclei, and dust, emphasizing the importance of maintaining respiratory health through specific and non-specif

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Respiratory viral infections are common and primarily caused by viruses, leading to morbidity and time off work. They can range from mild upper respiratory tract infections to severe lower respiratory tract infections like pneumonia. Various viruses like influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncyti

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Dentition refers to the arrangement of teeth in the upper and lower jaw of mammals. Most mammals have specialized teeth, with some exceptions like the Platypus and Baleen whales. The structure of a mammalian tooth includes the crown, root, and neck, made up of dentine, enamel, and cement. Tooth deve

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Dental caries, commonly known as tooth decay, is a result of localized chemical dissolution of the tooth surface due to metabolic events in the biofilm. Factors like host susceptibility, plaque formation, diet, and time play a crucial role in the carious process. Tooth morphology, position of teeth,

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Dental pulp, a soft connective tissue, plays a crucial role in tooth health. It consists of various cells and components like collagen, proteins, and growth factors. The innervation of dental pulp by sensory fibers influences pain perception, with different types of nerve fibers implicated in differ

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Explore the causes, types, and impact of infections in nursing home residents while learning how to prevent and control infections. Discover common infections, factors contributing to infections, and resident rights in infection control practices.

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Diabetic patients are prone to infections, significantly impacting morbidity and mortality rates. Increased infection risk is due to both host-related and organism-related factors. Common infections in diabetic patients include skin and soft tissue infections, diabetic foot infections, respiratory t

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This presentation covers the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) in healthcare settings. It highlights the significance of urinary tract infections, risk factors, preventive measures, and common microbiology involved. Key topics include the importance of urine collect

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Importance of good hygiene practices for children's health, including tips for hand hygiene, toileting, dental care, swimming hygiene, and eye hygiene to prevent infections like conjunctivitis. Parents and teachers should be aware that vaccination alone is not sufficient to prevent all infections; m

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Are you troubled by tooth decay? Visit Dr. Shreya Saraf, an expert in Periodontology, located at Railway Station Road, Satna, Madhya Pradesh. Tooth decay is caused by poor oral hygiene, sugary diets, and lack of dental care. Get advanced, personalize

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