Explore the historical roots of human rights, starting from the Code of Hammurabi in Mesopotamia, through the reforms of Urukagina and the Neo-Sumerian Code of Ur-Nammu, to the groundbreaking principles established by Cyrus the Great in the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Witness the evolution of human r

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Explore the geography and history of the Fertile Crescent, including Mesopotamia, Sumer, and later civilizations like Babylon. Learn about the rich farmland, nomadic lifestyle, irrigation methods, Sumerian achievements in writing, and the rise of empires under rulers like Sargon and Hammurabi.

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Ancient flood narratives from Sumerian, Babylonian, and Hebrew sources depict stories of divine displeasure, flood planning, and survival through boat-building. Enlil, Enki, and Yahweh play key roles in warning individuals like Uta-napishtim, Atrahasis, and Noah to build boats and save life forms du

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Small farming villages in Mesopotamia developed into independent city-states around 3500 B.C.E. These early settlements faced challenges such as food shortages, uncontrolled water supply, difficulties in irrigation, and attacks from neighboring communities. The inhabitants built walled cities with f

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The early civilization in Mesopotamia, particularly the Sumerians, thrived along rivers due to fertile soil from floods and the ease of irrigation. Belief in multiple gods stemmed from harsh climates. Sumerian contributions spanned political, cultural, and technological realms. City-states played a

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Explore a collection of ancient maps and alignments, from Sumerian maps dating back to 1500 B.C. to the precise compass orientation of the Great Pyramid of Giza. Delve into the mysteries of the underworld as painted on an Egyptian coffin from 2000 B.C. Witness the evolution of cartography with the f

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