Explore the geography and history of the Fertile Crescent, including Mesopotamia, Sumer, and later civilizations like Babylon. Learn about the rich farmland, nomadic lifestyle, irrigation methods, Sumerian achievements in writing, and the rise of empires under rulers like Sargon and Hammurabi.

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Mesopotamia, the cradle of civilization, saw the rise of the Sumerians in 3000 BC. Situated between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, the Sumerians developed advanced city-states, introducing writing, agriculture, and social classes. Their legacy includes innovations in irrigation, city planning, and

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