In this Pharmacognosy lab session, students learn about the identification of cardioactive glycosides through chemical tests like Baljets Test and Keller-Killians Test. These tests involve specific procedures using reagents like picric acid, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid, ferric chloride, an

0 views • 11 slides

Saponin glycosides, found in various plants, are compounds with diverse benefits ranging from cholesterol regulation to potential anticancer properties. They form colloidal solutions in water and are used in soap manufacturing due to their unique properties. Additionally, saponins have bitter taste,

6 views • 18 slides

Anthraquinone glycosides are compounds found in medicinal plants like Senna, Cascara, and Aloe, known for their therapeutic actions. These glycosides are hydrolyzed to yield active aglycones, which act as stimulant cathartics by increasing smooth muscle tone in the colon. Market formulations and ext

1 views • 11 slides

Anthraquinone glycosides, found in certain plants, exert a stimulant cathartic effect by increasing smooth muscle tone in the colon. Administered orally, these compounds are hydrolyzed in the colon to active forms, providing relief from constipation. Long-term use of stimulant laxatives can lead to

0 views • 11 slides

Glycosides are naturally occurring compounds with sugar and non-sugar components. They are characterized by glycosidic bonds and can be chemically separated. These compounds exhibit various physical and chemical properties, including solubility, taste, and optical activity. Classification based on g

1 views • 11 slides

Anthracene glycosides are secondary metabolites found in various plant families, offering therapeutic benefits. This comprehensive study explores their composition, chemistry, biosources, and applications, detailing the structural variations of aglycones and sugars present in these compounds. Method

0 views • 30 slides

This unit delves into the composition, chemistry, therapeutic uses, and commercial applications of secondary metabolites such as steroids, cardiac glycosides, and triterpenoids. It explores the properties of saponin glycosides, their classification based on aglycone nature, and the significance of s

0 views • 23 slides

Tannins, complex phenolic glycosides found in plants, have various properties such as water solubility and ability to precipitate proteins. They are important for their astringency and therapeutic uses in tanning, treating burns, and as antioxidants. The interaction of tannins with macromolecules is

3 views • 18 slides

Antifungal drugs target ergosterol biosynthesis in fungi, disrupting cell membrane integrity. Imidazoles like miconazole and ketoconazole are commonly used for skin infections, while triazoles such as fluconazole treat systemic yeast infections. Allylamines inhibit ergosterol synthesis, with terbina

0 views • 13 slides

This study focuses on the isolation and analysis of phytoconstituents, mainly glycosides such as Glycyrrhetinic acid and Rutin. It explains the methods for extracting glycosides, purification techniques, and characterization using spectroscopy methods. The detailed procedures for isolating Glycyrrhe

1 views • 19 slides

This laboratory experiment focuses on conducting chemical tests to identify anthraquinone glycosides in Aloe vera extract. The tests include Schoneten's reaction (Borax test) and Bromine test for aloin, providing specific reactions for the presence of these compounds. Additionally, special reagents

1 views • 12 slides

Saponin glycosides are plant compounds with diverse applications, from forming colloidal solutions to binding with cholesterol in the body. They possess bitter taste and detergent-like properties, offering benefits in health and industry. Learn about their structures, sources like Quillaia saponaria

2 views • 18 slides

Exploring the diverse world of secondary metabolites, this content delves into the composition, chemistry, biosources, therapeutic uses, and commercial applications of various compounds such as Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Steroids, Glycosides, and more. It discusses the structural characteristics, biolog

0 views • 17 slides

The laboratory experiments focus on identifying cardioactive glycosides through chemical tests like Baljets Test and Keller-Killians Test. These tests involve reactions with specific reagents to observe color changes and layer formations, helping in the identification of different parts of the glyco

2 views • 11 slides

Explore the impact of various drugs on the cardiovascular system, including cardiac glycosides, vasodilators, anticoagulants, and more. Learn about the chemical nature and properties of glycosides and how they affect the heart's functioning.

1 views • 21 slides

Explore the role of Steroids, Cardiac Glycosides, and Triterpenoids in pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, focusing on their general introduction, composition, chemistry, biosources, therapeutic uses, and commercial applications. Learn about the structure and attachment of sugar parts in Cardiac Glyco

9 views • 9 slides

Indole alkaloids are a significant group of naturally occurring compounds with diverse chemical structures and physiological actions. This unit delves into the general introduction, composition, chemistry, biosources, therapeutic uses, and commercial applications of various secondary metabolites, in

0 views • 17 slides

In this pharmacognosy lab experiment, the aim is to isolate cardioactive glycosides from plant material using various equipment and reagents. The procedure involves maceration, extraction, and separation steps to isolate Fraction A containing the whole glycoside. The results indicate successful isol

0 views • 8 slides

The lab experiments focus on identifying cardioactive glycosides using chemical tests like Baljets Test and Keller-Killians Test, along with the identification of sterol glycosides through Raymmonds and Kedds reactions. These tests involve specific procedures with different reagents to observe color

0 views • 11 slides

Secondary metabolites are chemical compounds produced by plants that have various biological effects. Alkaloids, a type of secondary metabolite, are organic compounds with nitrogen atoms and specific physiological actions. They exhibit diverse physical and chemical properties, making them essential

0 views • 63 slides

Delve into the world of secondary metabolites found in Ruta graveolens, commonly known as Rue or Garden Rue. Discover its rich composition of alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, triterpenoids, volatile oils, tannins, resins, glycosides, iridoids, and other terpenoi

0 views • 13 slides

Saponins are glycosides with soap-like properties, used as fish poisons. They have foaming action and cause haemolysis. Two main categories are steroidal and pentacyclic triterpenoid saponins, distinguished by their aglycone nature. Steroidal saponins are essential for synthesizing various beneficia

0 views • 22 slides

Plants like Nerium oleander, Thevetia peruviana contain cardiotoxic glycosides causing toxicity in animals and humans. Poisoning with these plants can be fatal, affecting the heart and nerves. Toxicity is mainly due to compounds like oleandroside and oleandrin, leading to cardiac failure and gastroi

0 views • 13 slides

Investigation of phytochemical constituents and biological properties such as thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, and cytotoxic activities of Bruguiera cylindrica leaves. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, phenols, tannins, proteins, gums, and mucilages. The

0 views • 16 slides

Lipids play a central role in signal molecule production for actively modifying the invasive capabilities of pathogens and the defensive mechanisms of plants during inter and intra-plant-pathogen interactions. They are essential constituents of membranes, providing structural support and serving div

0 views • 43 slides

Glycosides, ethers with a carbohydrate and non-carbohydrate moiety, are key toxicants in poisonous plants. Cyanogenic glycosides yield hydrocyanic acid, goitrogenic glycosides inhibit thyroid hormone production, while coumarin glycosides can lead to vitamin K deficiency. Steroid and triterpenoid gly

0 views • 25 slides

Organic natural compounds known as glycosides are prevalent in plants and organisms, offering diverse therapeutic benefits. This article delves into the definition of glycosides, glycosidic linkages, and different types like O-, S-, N-, and C-glycosides, with examples from nature. The distinction be

0 views • 25 slides

Glycoside compounds play a significant role in various biological processes, with groups like steroids and cardenolides showcasing notable medicinal effects. Steroids are crystalline substances with specific solubility characteristics, while cardenolide glycosides are known for their toxic effects o

0 views • 13 slides

This pharmacognosy lab experiment focuses on identifying anthraquinone glycosides in aloe vera extract through chemical tests like Schonteten's reaction with borax and the bromine test for aloin. Special reagents like nitric acid and nitrous acid are also used for specific identification. The proced

0 views • 12 slides

Glycosides are compounds that undergo hydrolysis to yield sugar and non-sugar parts. The aglycone is also known as the genin, while the sugar part is the glycone. They are soluble in water and alcohols, with different solubility properties for glycone and aglycone parts. Glycosides can be hydrolyzed

0 views • 12 slides