In this case study, two patients present with fever, neck pain, and previous misdiagnoses of viral pharyngitis. Blood cultures reveal anaerobic growth, with Gram stain showing pleomorphic Gram-negative rods. Anaerobic cultures require specialized conditions for growth, such as anaerobic glove box in

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Salmonella, a genus of bacteria, includes species causing various diseases in humans, cattle, sheep, goats, and poultry. The pathogen can be transmitted through contaminated food and is classified into typhoidal and nontyphoidal serovars. Nontyphoidal serovars are common and typically lead to self-l

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Understanding the natural history, evaluation, and management of benign liver lesions is crucial for diagnosing incidental liver findings. Common benign liver lesions include hepatic hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, hepatic adenoma, and hepatic cyst. Differential diagnosis plays a key role in

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Learn how to focus a microscope for simple staining, understand the morphology of bacteria such as cocci, bacillus, spirals, and pleomorphic shapes, and discover the process of preparing a slide smear with detailed steps and images.

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Neoplasia, or new growth, is characterized by uncoordinated growth exceeding that of normal tissues, persistent growth independent of stimuli, loss of responsiveness to growth controls, and local expansion regardless of host environment. Tumors are classified into benign and malignant categories in

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Salivary gland diseases, including tumors, can affect both major and minor glands. These tumors may be benign or malignant, with common benign tumors like pleomorphic adenoma. Clinical features of salivary gland tumors vary, with slow-growing benign tumors being more common. Pleomorphic adenoma is p

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