Dive into the world of ocean exploration with your students through a series of virtual conferences with researchers and specialists, organized by the Tara Ocean Foundation. Explore topics such as ocean and climate, plastic pollution, plankton, and Arctic ice melting. Engage in presentations, Q&A se

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Viruses interact with host cells in various ways, encoding genes that manipulate cell functions for their benefit. These interactions can range from benign to lethal outcomes. Factors influencing these interactions include viral factors, cellular responses, and the presence of virulence factors. Dif

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Explore the intricate relationship between ocean salinity, vertical structure, and deep-water currents in this informative collection of images and explanations. Discover how salt inputs and outputs influence ocean salinity levels, and learn about the factors that contribute to the vertical variatio

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Dive into a creative educational journey to explore the significance of the ocean and ways to protect it. Students will engage in activities such as creating a poem and campaign poster, fostering a deeper connection with the ocean and understanding the importance of recycling for ocean conservation.

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The AG-Ocean Engagement Plan aims to establish long-term working arrangements between WMO and the ocean infrastructure community to advance Earth System Approaches. AG-Ocean focuses on advisory roles, prioritizing key areas for impact. The plan identifies observations, data, and prediction as essent

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Ocean freight insurance is vital for protecting shipments from origin to destination, ensuring peace of mind for shippers. This type of insurance covers potential risks such as damage, loss, theft, or delays that can occur during ocean transit. Given the complexities and unpredictability of internat

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The study of climatology, focusing on the atmosphere, is presented by Dr. Banashree Saikia, covering topics such as atmospheric composition, insolation, temperature variations, atmospheric pressure, wind systems, atmospheric moisture, climatic classification, cyclones, and monsoons. The atmosphere,

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An ocean freight forwarder is a vital player in the maritime logistics industry, specializing in the efficient and cost-effective transportation of goods across seas and oceans. Ocean freight forwarder manages the intricate logistics of ocean shippin

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Delve into the complexity of ocean water chemistry, including the significance of salinity levels, the saltiest body of water on Earth at Don Juan Pond in Antarctica, the composition of salts in ocean water, and the role of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide. Discover how these factors shape the c

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Ocean acidification is the process where oceans become more acidic due to excessive carbon dioxide absorption. Human activities like deforestation and vehicle emissions contribute to this phenomenon. Coral reefs are crucial as many ocean species rely on them for survival. The pH scale measures acidi

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Explore the fascinating bathymetric features of the ocean floor, including the continental margin, ocean basin floor, deep-sea trenches, mid-ocean ridges, and abyssal plain. Learn about submarine canyons like the Cape Range Canyon near Ningaloo Reef in Western Australia, and discover rare marine lif

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Evaluating and generalizing ocean color inversion models to retrieve marine inherent optical properties (IOPs) is essential for understanding ocean dynamics. This involves choosing the right algorithm and validating its effectiveness, as discussed in the Ocean Optics Summer Course at the University

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The biological pump in the ocean involves photosynthesis by phytoplankton, which removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and respiration, where some CO2 is released back. Phytoplankton are crucial in the ocean's carbon cycle, with primary consumers like zooplankton depending on them for energy.

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Coupled ocean-atmosphere modeling on horizontally icosahedral and vertically hybrid-isentropic/isopycnic grids is a cutting-edge approach to modeling climate variability. The design goals aim to achieve a global domain with no grid mismatch at the ocean-atmosphere interface, with key indicators such

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Investigate the role of air-sea coupling in amplifying or dampening the impact of Arctic warming on northern continents using coordinated coupled model experiments. Explore the mechanisms bridging Arctic impacts in the Northern Hemisphere via North Pacific sea surface temperature changes. Focus on t

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Earth's atmosphere is a vital component that supports life on our planet. It is a thin gaseous envelope surrounding Earth, providing essential elements for living beings. The composition and development of the atmosphere have evolved over billions of years. The atmosphere plays a crucial role in pro

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Ocean basins are vast submarine regions that cover a significant portion of the Earth's surface, hosting the majority of the planet's water. These basins exhibit various features such as ocean ridges, deep-sea trenches, and seismic ridges. The ocean floor is constantly evolving due to plate tectonic

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The Southern Ocean Eddy Subduction Pump plays a crucial role in global carbon cycling, contributing significantly to the ocean's uptake of anthropogenic CO2. This research aims to characterize the seasonality and particle assemblage of the pump to better understand its role in carbon export. Various

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Explore the world of ocean salinity and freezing points, from the formation of polar ice to the unique characteristics of the Arctic and Antarctica. Discover the composition of ocean water, the concept of salinity, measurement methods, average ocean salinity levels, and how both saltwater and freshw

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The World Ocean Council is an international alliance promoting leadership and collaboration among ocean industries for sustainable use and stewardship. By bringing together various sectors like shipping, oil/gas, fisheries, and tourism, the council aims to create a responsible ocean business communi

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Atmosphere-ocean coupled processes in the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) play a crucial role in intraseasonal oscillations. This paper review by Shao Yun-Chuan explores how the ocean's Sea Surface Temperature (SST) influences surface fluxes, MJO convection, and energy balance dynamics. It delves in

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Biophysical feedbacks in the global ocean, including the impact of chlorophyll on solar radiation penetration, SST, and climate variability, are under-studied in climate models. This research assesses the effects of assimilating ocean color data and incorporating sea state in air-sea flux parameteri

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Discover the latest insights on air-sea heat flux, wind stress, and atmospheric ECVs at the OceanObs 19 conference in Hawaii. Engage with 1200 ocean observing scientists, program managers, and policy experts to chart the next decade of ocean observing and enhance international collaboration on ocean

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In 1992, a crate of rubber duck toys fell into the Pacific Ocean, leading to unexpected discoveries about ocean currents and pollution. The North Pacific Gyre, home to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, plays a crucial role in understanding ocean dynamics. Learn about ocean water properties, distribut

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The SOACEP Committee focuses on understanding the interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, and ice in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic region. They aim to identify key regions, improve existing proxies, and develop new precise proxies to reconstruct environmental variability throughout the geolog

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Explore key concepts related to atmosphere, ocean currents, weather maps, and air mass in this TEKS review. Understand the factors contributing to Earth's uneven heating, the role of convection in ocean currents, the energy sources that drive ocean convection, and the effects of heating on air densi

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This study explores the optimal ocean sampling strategy for Hurricane Isaac (2012) using high-resolution in-situ observations. It investigates the sensitivity of tropical cyclone intensity change through assimilation of AXBT, AXCTD, and AXCP observations. Results show significant impact areas along

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This presentation discusses the significant impacts of soil moisture-atmosphere interactions during the 2003 European Summer Heat Wave, highlighting the abnormally hot weather, pavement buckling, and high-pressure systems that contributed to the extreme conditions. The images and diagrams illustrate

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Earth's atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen and oxygen, with other gases like argon, CO2, and water vapor making up the remaining percentage. While the levels of nitrogen and oxygen remain constant, variable gases like water vapor fluctuate based on location and time. CO2 levels have been i

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Global ocean climate change poses significant threats to marine ecosystems, requiring multidisciplinary approaches for mitigation. Japanese research highlights expanding distributions of reef-building corals, deep-sea water temperature rise, ocean acidification impact on marine plankton, and thinnin

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Introduction to the study on models of hadronic interactions at high energies implemented in CORSIKA, a simulation tool used to analyze cosmic ray interactions with Earth's atmosphere. The study compares four widely used models, detailing their features and variants in simulation parameters. Results

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This study delves into the exploration of strategies for coupled 4D-Var data assimilation using an idealised atmosphere-ocean model. It discusses the challenges, benefits, and methods involved in transitioning towards coupled data assimilation systems, particularly focusing on the imbalance at the i

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NEMO (Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean) is a comprehensive software used for numerical simulation of the ocean. Its components include the blue ocean (NEMO-OPA) for dynamics, white ocean (NEMO-LIM) for sea-ice simulation, and green ocean (NEMO-TOP) for biogeochemistry. NEMO produces model

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Observations in this chapter highlight significant changes in ocean properties related to climate over the past 40 years. These changes include shifts in temperature, salinity, sea level, carbon levels, pH, and oxygen content. The patterns of change observed suggest a link between surface and subsur

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SCOR Working Group #162, co-chaired by Meghan Cronin, Christa Marandino, and Sebastiaan Swart, focuses on making surface and boundary layer observations relevant to Earth's energy, water, and carbon cycles. The group's activities include regular telecons, theme team meetings advancing core OASIS the

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This study explores data assimilation strategies for coupled atmosphere-ocean systems using an Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) and a low-order analogue of the climate system. Motivated by the growing interest in near-term climate predictions, the challenges of interacting slow and fast components of t

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Ocean currents play a vital role in transporting heat, nutrients, organisms, and influencing weather patterns and climates. They impact commerce, gas exchanges, nutrient exchanges, pollution dispersal, and fisheries. The interaction between surface and deep-sea currents forms the global ocean convey

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The interaction between electromagnetic radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is crucial for powering atmospheric processes and sustaining life on our planet. From the Sun's energy production to the absorption patterns of different gases in the atmosphere, various laws like Planck's Law, Stefan-Boltz

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Marine Physics is a sub-domain of oceanography focusing on physical conditions and processes in the ocean, including ocean waters' motions and properties. The ocean floor features various elements like the continental shelf, slope, rise, and abyssal plain. Sea mounts, guyots, abyssal hills, and mid-

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Dive into the fascinating world of the ocean with Lesson 1 of the Submarine STEM Science series. Discover the vastness and significance of our planet's oceans, how they impact life on Earth, and the essential role they play in our ecosystem and daily lives. Join Nekton Mission II as you embark on a

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