HRCT plays a crucial role in diagnosing and monitoring fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). It helps identify abnormalities not visible on X-rays, leading to early, accurate diagnoses and potentially avoiding invasive procedures. HRCT assists in distinguishing specific ILDs based on radiogra

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Phlegmon is a severe inflammatory condition resulting from bacterial infection, leading to the formation of purulent exudates. This article discusses different types of phlegmon, such as eyelid phlegmon and spinal phlegmon, along with their etiology, classification, and complications. Understanding

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Inflammatory polyarthritis can have various causes, including infections, systemic rheumatic diseases, crystal-induced arthritis, vasculitides, and more. Dr. Afsar Sayeeda, a consultant internist and rheumatologist, emphasizes early diagnosis and intervention in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis

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Rheumatology encompasses over 200 conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system, with foot involvement being significant in conditions like RA and OA. Podiatrists play a crucial role in diagnosing, treating, and preventing foot problems associated with inflammatory arthritis, such as joint damage,

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Hannah, a vibrant young woman with a bustling social life and active routines, experiences a series of setbacks in her battle with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Her journey highlights the importance of timely diagnosis, access to proper care, and comprehensive support services to manage the cond

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory medications that work by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. They provide relief from pain, reduce fever, and combat inflammation through various mechanisms. Aspirin, a commonly used NSAID, irr

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Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are a diverse group of medications with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. They act primarily on peripheral pain mechanisms and vary in their selectivity of COX inhibition. This article explores the history, classification, and se

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Hereditary Connective Tissue Disorder, Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS), and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) are three complex conditions with overlapping symptoms affecting collagen, joint laxity, and immune responses. Features associated with these conditions include joint pains, gas

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Chemical mediators of inflammation act on blood vessels and cells to contribute to an inflammatory response. These mediators include vasoactive amines like histamine and serotonin, plasma proteases such as the complement, kinin, and clotting systems, and important inflammatory mediators like C3a and

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Female reproductive system infections such as Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), Vaginitis, Cervicitis, Endometritis, and Salpingitis can lead to various symptoms and complications. These conditions are caused by different factors including infections, bacterial imbalances, and sexually transmitted

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C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a liver-produced protein that indicates inflammatory conditions. The CRP test helps detect infections, monitor diseases like cancer, and evaluate inflammatory conditions. The test principle involves latex agglutination for CRP detection in human serum.

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In a secondary analysis of the CANTOS study, researchers evaluated the impact of residual inflammatory risk and residual cholesterol risk in a large cohort of atherosclerosis patients already receiving lipid-lowering therapy. Results showed the relative contributions of inflammation and cholesterol

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Chemical mediators of inflammation play a pivotal role in inducing specific events during acute inflammation. These mediators are produced in response to various triggers, including microbial products and host proteins, leading to a cascade of inflammatory responses. Understanding the sources and ef

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Joint pain can result from various factors such as inflammation, cartilage degeneration, crystal deposition, infection, or trauma. Different pathophysiologic processes necessitate clinical evaluation and identification through history, physical examination, and understanding of joint disease types.

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The peritoneum, a vital membrane in the body's abdominal cavity, consists of visceral and parietal components with distinct pain perceptions. It plays crucial roles in lubrication, fluid absorption, immune responses, and more. Peritoneal inflammatory exudate can result from various causes such as ba

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Inflammatory diseases of bone encompass conditions like osteitis, osteomyelitis, periostitis, and alveolar osteitis (dry socket). Osteitis is localized and may be associated with infected sockets, while osteomyelitis involves the interior of the bone. Alveolar osteitis commonly follows tooth extract

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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a diverse group of medications with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects. They act primarily on peripheral pain mechanisms and have limited CNS effects. NSAIDs have a long history dating back to the use of White Willow bark, and the

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Asthma is a lung disease characterized by inflammation and bronchoconstriction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. It is not contagious and can develop at any age, with early signs like eczema potentially leading to asthma later. Recognizing sympto

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Dr. Margo Thienemann discusses the psychiatric medication management of a 10-year-old boy with inflammatory psychiatric disease, particularly focusing on Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS). The patient presented with various symptoms including compulsions, mood swings, OCD, oppos

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Our health is closely linked to the gut microbiome, with fiber playing a key role in feeding beneficial gut bacteria. Incorporating anti-inflammatory polyphenols from plant-based sources like fruits, vegetables, and herbs can promote a healthier gut. Additionally, fermented foods act as natural prob

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Bordoloi Biotech India Pvt Ltd presents HerboJoint, a unique natural formulation designed to provide freedom from joint pain. Developed by a team of experts led by Dr. Binoy B. Bordoloi and Dr. Kulwant S. Saini, HerboJoint is a scientifically backed product combining essential oils with proven effic

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Burn injuries, such as burns and scalds, are complex inflammatory conditions caused by exposure to heat, chemicals, or electricity. This article delves into the pathophysiology of burn wounds, explaining how tissue damage occurs and the classification of burn depths based on layers of skin affected.

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Cryptococcal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (C-IRIS) is a condition where rapid reversal of immunodeficiency triggers exaggerated inflammatory reactions in response to Cryptococcus antigens. It can manifest as either Unmasking IRIS or Paradoxical IRIS, with common CNS presentations incl

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Vitamin D plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of COVID-19 by enhancing the body's immune response, reducing production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines. Individuals at greater risk include the elderly, those with chronic diseases, dark-skinned individua

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Lyme disease is an infectious inflammatory disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and spread by tick bites. It presents with a range of symptoms, including fever, headache, fatigue, and a characteristic erythema migrans rash. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent complications such

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Plantar Fasciopathy, also known as Plantar Heel Pain, is characterized by inflammatory or degenerative changes in the plantar fascia leading to heel pain. Causes include weight-bearing activities, tight calf muscles, obesity, foot mechanics, and comorbidities like diabetes. Symptoms involve heel and

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Pterygium, a common ocular surface lesion, has historically been considered degenerative due to factors like UV radiation exposure. However, recent research suggests an inflammatory component with cellular proliferative fibrosis and angiogenesis. This study presented at TOSCON 2024 delves into the h

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The inflammatory response is a crucial defense mechanism of the immune system. It comprises three lines of defense aimed at protecting the body from harmful pathogens. When a barrier is breached, such as by a splinter carrying bacteria, the inflammatory process is initiated. This includes the releas

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting millions globally by causing myelin loss in the CNS axons. This study investigates the role of NF155 raft association in the inflammatory response of microglial cells, shedding light on potential treatment strategies for MS. Liposome t

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Salivary gland diseases encompass various conditions affecting the salivary glands, including developmental abnormalities, inflammatory and non-inflammatory enlargement, cysts, tumors, and dysfunction. Investigations such as plain films, sialography, MRI, and biopsies are essential for diagnosis. Si

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) encompasses Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), chronic conditions with immunologic basis. This article delves into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and differences between CD and UC, highlighting clinical features, pathology, and complications like a

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A 56-year-old male with a history of inflammatory bowel disease presented with severe symptoms necessitating hospitalization. Despite steroid therapy, lack of improvement led to consideration of a total colectomy. Colonoscopy and biopsy results favored ulcerative colitis over Crohn's disease. This c

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Inflammatory conditions of the heart, such as pericarditis and myocarditis, can have various causes and manifestations. Pericarditis can present as fibrinous, purulent, or hemorrhagic, each with distinct characteristics and implications. Myocarditis, on the other hand, can result from infections lik

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The article discusses the various symptoms associated with the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) such as decreased vaginal moisture, urinary frequency, and sexual difficulties. It highlights the prevalence of these symptoms in women and the barriers to seeking treatment, including discomfort

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Define constipation and diarrhea, discuss the definition, etiology, and classification of IBS, explain how to diagnose IBS, list alarm symptoms and differential diagnosis, provide a management plan and follow-up, and recognize when to refer to a specialist. People with irritable bowel syndrome may s

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Explore the differentiation between types of purpura, inflammatory and non-inflammatory distinctions, diagnosis of purpuric lesions, serious vs. non-serious conditions, causes of purpura, and an overview of vasculitis including its manifestations in large, medium, and small vessels with a focus on c

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This study examines the outcomes of parastomal hernia repair in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, specifically comparing outcomes between those with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The research, conducted from 2012 to 2022, analyzes data from 392 patients, highlighting factors such a

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This guideline provides recommendations for managing Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) in patients undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). It covers terminology, treatment recommendations, initiating ART, key points, and emphasizes not interrupting ART except in life-threatening ca

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Acute inflammation results in either resolution or progression to chronic inflammation, with outcomes like restoration of normalcy, fibrosis, or scarring. Chronic inflammation can be caused by viral infections, persistent microbial infections, exposure to toxic agents, or autoimmune diseases. Macrop

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Chronic inflammation, a prolonged inflammatory process lasting weeks to years, involves a complex interplay of cells and tissue changes leading to fibrosis. This type of inflammation can arise from persistent infections by microbes or immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Understanding the causes,

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