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Overview of Antiarrhythmic Drugs Use and Classification

Antiarrhythmic drugs are classified into different classes based on their mechanisms of action. Class I includes sodium channel blockers with specific drugs like procainamide, disopyramide, and quinidine. Class 1B involves lidocaine and mexiletine. Class 1C consists of agents like flecainide. Class

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Understanding Antipsychotic Drugs and Their Classification

Antipsychotic drugs, also known as neuroleptics, are essential in treating schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. They work by targeting dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain, managing symptoms like hallucinations and delusions. Learn about the dopamine-serotonin hypothesis of schizoph

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Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Drugs: Risks and Prevention

Learn about the hazards of exposure to hazardous drugs, including potential health risks such as cancer, nausea, reproductive toxicity, and organ damage. Explore training modules, drug categories, and a list of hazardous drugs to ensure workplace safety. Discover NIOSH criteria for identifying hazar

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Overview of Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940

The Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 was enacted to regulate the import, manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs and cosmetics in India. The Act aims to ensure high standards of medical treatment, prevent substandard drugs, and establish advisory boards for different types of drugs. It sets out

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Sources of Crude Drugs: Plant, Animal, Marine, and Tissue Culture in Pharmacognosy

Crude drugs are natural substances obtained from plants, animals, and minerals. They are used without much processing and have therapeutic properties. Different plant parts like leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, roots, bark, and stems yield various important drugs. Animals and minerals also serve as s

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The Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act, 1954 Overview

The Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act of 1954 regulates the advertising of drugs and remedies claiming magical properties in India. It defines drugs and magic remedies, prohibits certain types of advertisements related to drugs, and aims to control misleading marketing prac

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Overview of Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 and Its Rules 1945

The Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 and its Rules of 1945 were established to regulate the import, manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs and cosmetics in India. The Act ensures that only qualified individuals are involved in these processes and aims to prevent the entry of substandard or spur

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Understanding Illicit Drugs: Risks and Realities

Explore the world of illicit drugs from a research-based perspective. Uncover the dangers and consequences of drug use, learn about the signs of drug use, understand where drugs come from, and discover the effects of various types of illicit substances. Delve into the intersection of drug use with d

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Overview of Anxiety Disorders and Antianxiety Drugs

Anxiety disorders are conditions characterized by excessive worry and fear that can interfere with daily life. Common types include generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, and OCD. Treatment options include psychotherapy and anxiolytic drugs such as benzodiazepines, 5HT1A agonists, be

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Understanding Illicit Financial Flows and Their Implications

This content delves into the conceptual framework for measuring Illicit Financial Flows (IFFs), highlighting how IFFs intersect with various policy agendas such as tax evasion, corruption, and terrorism financing. It also emphasizes the importance of addressing IFFs for sustainable development, peac

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Understanding Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) and the Role of UKFIU in Tackling Illicit Finance

Explore the significance of Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) in combating illicit finance, with a focus on reporting AML concerns, the role of the UKFIU, and the value of SARs in identifying money laundering activities. Learn about the quality of SARs, reporting breaches of standards and regulatio

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Overview of Anticestodal Drugs in Veterinary Pharmacology

Anticestodal drugs play a crucial role in combating tapeworm infections in veterinary medicine. These drugs are classified into taeniafuges and taenicides, with examples of natural and synthetic compounds highlighted. Natural compounds like pumpkin seeds and male fern are traditionally used for thei

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Overview of Central Drug Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) in India

The Central Drug Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) is the main regulatory body in India for pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and clinical trials. It functions under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. The CDSCO is responsible f

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Patterns of Pregabalin Use among People Who Inject Drugs in Australia

This study explores the patterns and correlates of pregabalin use among individuals who frequently inject drugs in Australia. Pregabalin, a GABA analogue with analgesic and anti-convulsant effects, has been increasingly used and misused in the country. The research aims to identify prescribed and no

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Understanding Generic Drugs and Brand Name Medications

Generic drugs are identical copies of brand-name medications in dosage, strength, quality, and intended use. They contain the same active ingredients but are sold under their chemical name. This article explores the basic differences between generic and brand-name drugs, when generic drugs are marke

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Overview of Antitubercular Drugs: Introduction, Classification, and Applications

Tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis in ruminants and Mycobacterium avium in dogs and pigs. These bacteria have a unique waxy appearance due to their cell wall composition, providing a shield against pharmacological compounds. Antitubercular drugs play a cruc

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Understanding Renal Block: Drugs, Excretion, and Treatment Essentials

Renal block plays a crucial role in drug excretion, with processes like glomerular filtration and tubular secretion affecting drug elimination. Factors like blood flow, physiochemical properties, and urine pH influence renal excretion of drugs. Competition between drugs for transporters can have ben

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Advances in Antimicrobial Drugs: Selective Toxicity and Classification

The development of antimicrobial drugs has significantly improved therapeutics by controlling infections and preventing complications. These drugs target invading microorganisms using selective toxicity, sparing host cells. Antimicrobial drugs are classified based on site, mechanism of action, and c

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Classification of Drugs Acting on Central Nervous System

The Central Nervous System (CNS) plays a crucial role in coordinating the body's functions and responses to the environment. Drugs acting on the CNS can be classified into CNS stimulants and CNS depressants. CNS stimulants include spinal, medullary, and cortical stimulants, with various direct and i

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Understanding Antiprotozoal Drugs: A Brief Overview

Protozoal infections are widespread, impacting both developed and underdeveloped regions due to globalization. Antiprotozoal drugs are crucial for treating diseases like malaria, amebiasis, and more. However, these drugs can have potent toxic effects on host cells. This article delves into the class

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UNODC Firearms Champion Country Initiative for Combatting Illicit Arms Trafficking

The UNODC's Firearms Champion Country Initiative focuses on countering illicit arms trafficking by implementing UNTOC and the Firearms Protocol through international cooperation and information exchange. Efforts include monitoring illicit arms flows, supporting member states in preventing traffickin

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International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking 2022 Initiatives and Awareness

The United Nations observes 26th June as the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking to combat substance abuse worldwide. Various initiatives like the National Drug Master Plan, Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan, and the National Action Plan for Drug Demand Reduction aim to raise aware

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Pharmacology of Ovulation-Inducing Drugs

Understanding the mechanism of ovulation and hormonal regulation is key in classifying drugs used to induce ovulation. This lecture covers the pharmacology of different groups of drugs, their mechanisms of action, administration protocols, indications, efficacy rates, and adverse effects. Antiestrog

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DAVA Drugs Authentication & Verification Application by National Informatics Centre

The DAVA Drugs Authentication & Verification Application, developed by the National Informatics Centre of the Government of India, enables authentication, tracking, and tracing of Indian drugs at different packaging levels. Manufacturers maintain Unique Serial Numbers for primary and secondary packa

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Comprehensive Review of Drugs, Categories, and Drug Influence Evaluation

This mid-course review covers key aspects such as defining drugs, naming drug categories and subcategories, identifying drug categories for specific drugs, components of drug influence evaluation, and examinations conducted as part of the evaluation process. The content also includes identifying dru

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Introduction to Practical Pharmacognosy: Study of Medicines from Natural Sources

Pharmacognosy is the study of medicines derived from natural sources, exploring drugs from plants through the lenses of botany, chemistry, and pharmacology. This includes the classification of vegetable drugs based on taxonomic, chemical, and morphological characteristics. Understanding key points f

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Understanding the Impact of Drugs on Pregnancy Development

This lecture covers factors influencing placental transfer, harmful effects of drugs at different developmental stages, FDA classifications of drugs, and teratogenic drugs. It explains how drugs cross the placenta, including physiochemical properties and stage of development affecting transfer. The

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Understanding Illicit Financial Flows: Metrics and Definitions

Explore the world of Illicit Financial Flows (IFFs) through discussions on meaningful metrics, definitions, typologies, and estimation methods. Learn about the importance of reducing IFFs by 2030 and strengthening global financial transparency efforts.

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Challenges Faced by Sustainable Development Goals Due to Organized Crime and Corruption

Organized crime and corruption present significant challenges to achieving sustainable development goals. This includes shifts in illicit markets, expansion of criminal activities, and geopolitical implications. Legalization and legitimation of illicit activities, as well as developmental uses of or

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Drugs Related to Balance System and Vertigo Management

Understanding the classes of drugs used to control or prevent vertigo, identifying disorders of balance, and detailing drugs used for vertigo management. Learn about drugs that can trigger vertigo and the mind map of specific treatments involving various medications.

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Rules and Fallacies in Valid Syllogisms

Valid syllogisms must adhere to specific rules to avoid committing formal fallacies. These rules include distribution, quality, and quantity concepts. Breaking these rules can lead to fallacies such as undistributed middle, illicit major, and illicit minor. Examples are provided to illustrate these

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Understanding Illicit Financial Activities in Russian Foreign Policy in the Balkans

The research conducted by Dr. Tena Prelec from the University of Oxford, along with other collaborators, delves into the illicit financialization of Russian foreign policy, particularly focusing on the Balkans. The presentation explores the structures, changes post-2022, the West's role in enabling

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Understanding Drugs and Their Effects: A Comprehensive Exploration

This session delves into the world of drugs, highlighting the characteristics and effects of substances like cannabis, heroin, LSD, ecstasy, cocaine, and NPS. Participants engage in activities matching drug descriptions with names, followed by developing presentations on the drugs. Discussions inclu

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Preliminary Results of Pilot Study on Illicit Financial Flows in Latin America

This pilot study aims to measure illicit financial flows in Latin America, focusing on various illicit markets such as drugs, human trafficking, smuggling of migrants, and illegal mining. The study involves adapting a conceptual framework and testing a methodology to measure these flows across parti

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Understanding the Drugs and Magic Remedies Act 1954

The Drugs and Magic Remedies Act 1954 regulates the advertisement of drugs and prohibits the promotion of remedies claiming magical qualities. It defines various terms related to drugs and advertisements, while emphasizing the need for ethical and truthful advertising to protect the public. The Act

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Unveiling Illicit Financial Flows: Who, What, Why, Where, and When

Explore the depths of illicit financial flows as Joseph Stead delves into the origins, impact, and key players involved in this global issue. From the illegal acquisition of funds to their transfer and spending, uncover the detrimental effects on development, lost tax revenue, and perpetuation of co

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Overview of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products

Pharmacognosy is the study of medicinal drugs derived from natural sources, focusing on the properties and origins of crude drugs like plants and animals. The term was coined in 1815, emphasizing knowledge of drugs' physical, chemical, and biological properties. It is associated with various branche

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Understanding Date Rape Drugs: Rohypnol and GHB

Date rape drugs, often referred to as club drugs, are commonly used at dance clubs, concerts, raves, and parties. Rohypnol, also known as Roofies, is a depressant drug prescribed in Europe for sleep and pre-surgery relaxation. It is orally taken in various colored pills, such as olive green or white

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Understanding Anti-Tubercular Drugs: Mechanisms and Clinical Utility

Streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin, and other anti-TB drugs are crucial in treating tuberculosis. Learn about first-line, second-line, and newer drugs, along with combination therapy. Explore the mechanisms and clinical applications of these drugs in combating TB infections.

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