Industrial fermentation technology involves three key stages - Up-Stream Processing (USP), the fermentation process, and Down-Stream Processing (DSP). USP includes formulating the fermentation medium, sterilization, inoculum preparation, and improving desired microorganisms for increased productivit

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Microorganisms play a crucial role in the food and industrial sectors, both benefiting and causing harm. They are involved in processes such as organic compound transformation, fermentation, and food production. While beneficial microorganisms contribute to the creation of various useful food produc

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Fungal microorganisms, including yeast and mold, play crucial roles in the human body's ecosystem. They can be both beneficial and harmful, influencing conditions like candidiasis and mycoses. Learn about the diverse forms and functions of eukaryotic organisms, their morphology, and the transition b

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Food Research Lab is one of the leading food industry consultants and offers various food production services. We provide food production and food manufacturing consultancy services to food, beverage and nutraceutical companies. Primary food production involves everything from food procurement, inve

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This course outline covers key topics in industrial biochemistry, microbiology, and biotechnology, focusing on the use of microorganisms and molecules to achieve specific goals in production processes. It delves into microbial physiology, genetics, metabolic pathways, enzymes, microbial growth, ferm

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Humans have broader nutritional requirements than most microorganisms. The human diet includes a wide variety of substances, making our food excellent media for microbial growth. Natural contamination of food by various microorganisms, including pathogens, is common. Food consumed by humans and anim

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Bioprocess technology involves utilizing living cells or their components like bacteria and enzymes to produce desired products through fermentation. This field covers a range of processes, including microbial bioprocesses, enzyme production, metabolite synthesis, recombinant products, and transform

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Thermal processing in canning operations involves heating sealed cans to specific time-temperature schedules to ensure consumer safety, prevent spoilage, and maintain product quality. While complete sterility is not the goal, commercial sterility is achieved to eliminate harmful microorganisms. The

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The field of Microbiology delves into the study of microorganisms, which are tiny organisms invisible to the naked eye. These microorganisms are ubiquitous in various environments, playing vital roles in processes such as food digestion, photosynthesis, and decomposition. They exhibit diverse charac

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In the laboratory, it is crucial to use aseptic techniques when dealing with microorganisms to prevent contamination and ensure safe growth. Understanding the importance of agar plates, Petri dishes, and incubators in creating optimal conditions for microbial growth is essential. By following proper

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Food preservation with antimicrobial preservatives involves the use of chemical compounds to prevent or delay food spoilage. These compounds, either naturally present or added during processing, can kill microorganisms or control their growth in foods. Factors for evaluating the suitability of an an

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The hanging drop technique is a method used in microbiology to observe living microorganisms suspended in a fluid under a microscope. This technique allows for the examination of motility and morphology of bacteria, providing valuable information for research and analysis. By creating a wet mount us

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In the Department of Microbiology at the College of Medicine, the Hanging Drop Technique is utilized to study live microorganisms. This technique involves suspending microorganisms in fluid on a hollow ground slide, allowing for observation of their morphology under a microscope. By creating a wet m

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Food and water-borne diseases, caused by contaminated food or water, lead to acute illnesses. These diseases are classified into food-borne infections and food-borne intoxications. Food-borne infections, triggered by pathogenic microorganisms, can be fungal, bacterial, viral, or parasitic, with long

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The presentation highlights the consumer spending on food, food price trends over time, 2021 food prices, and forecasts for 2022 in a historical context. It emphasizes that U.S. consumers spent 12% of their expenditures on food in 2020, aligning with historical averages. Food price inflation remaine

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Louis Pasteur's advancements in microbiology, from the discovery of microorganisms by Leeuwenhoek to the establishment of germ theory, revolutionized our understanding of disease causation. Through improved microscopes and experiments, Pasteur's work linked microorganisms to disease, setting the sta

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Lactic acid occurs in two isomeric forms and has various applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and skincare industries. It is primarily produced through the fermentation of sugars by microorganisms. The production process involves using raw materials like purified sugars and agricultural wastes. Th

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Microorganisms are classified based on their nutritional requirements into autotrophs and heterotrophs. Autotrophs can utilize inorganic nutrients or light for energy, while heterotrophs require organic compounds. They are further categorized into four groups: photoautotrophs, photoheterotrophs, che

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Learn how to prepare living microorganisms for microscopic study using the hanging drop technique. This method involves suspending microorganisms in a fluid and creating a hanging drop on a hollow ground slide, allowing for observation of morphology and motility. Follow step-by-step procedures to ma

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Phosphorus is crucial for plant growth, but its availability is often limited due to insoluble forms in soil. The use of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) can help convert insoluble phosphorus into a usable form for plants. This process involves isolating, screening, and mass-producing PS

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Enhance your knowledge on using equipment for making food with proper safety procedures. Learn about essential points like wearing protective gear, checking hot food temperatures, food safety principles, and sanitization requirements. Understand machine settings, food temperature checks, and serving

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High temperatures are utilized to preserve food by affecting microorganisms. Heating can lead to various outcomes such as heat shock, sublethal injury, or cell death in microbial cells and spores. The mechanisms of damage include loss of permeability, denaturation of key components, and inability to

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Microorganisms in soil play crucial roles in soil fertility, nutrient cycling, and industrial product synthesis. They can also be pathogens causing diseases in plants and humans. Soil organisms are broadly classified into two groups: soil flora and soil fauna, consisting of various microorganisms li

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The National Food Reserve Agency (NFRA) under the Federal Ministry of Agriculture & Water Resources plays a crucial role in addressing agricultural production, storage, and marketing challenges in Nigeria. With a vision to ensure sustainable food access for all Nigerians and become a global food pro

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Culture media play a vital role in the growth and study of microorganisms. This content covers the primary ingredients required by all living organisms, types of culture media based on physical state, and specific media for bacteria and fungi. It explains the components and purposes of different typ

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This chapter highlights essential practices for prepping food to prevent cross-contamination and time-temperature abuse in a food service setting. Topics covered include safe methods for thawing food, cooking temperatures, microwave cooking, informing consumers of risks, requirements for partially c

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Microorganisms like bacteria and fungi have been crucial in the discovery of drugs, especially antibiotics. The screening of microorganisms has led to the identification of various bioactive substances with therapeutic applications spanning from antibacterial agents to anti-cancer drugs. The success

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Moisture content and pH levels are key factors influencing the growth and survival of microorganisms in foods. The water activity (aw) of food substrates affects microbial growth, with bacteria and fungi having varying requirements. Lowering aw below optimum levels can increase the lag phase of grow

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Delve into the world of food science and technology with insights on what scientists do, the importance of understanding food, definitions of food science and food technology, factors affecting food spoilage, and traditional and modern food processing technologies. Gain knowledge on testing hypothes

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This project conducted at the University of Delaware aimed to evaluate the potential of using filamentous wastewater microorganisms as reinforcement and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-accumulating microorganisms as a biorenewable matrix for bio-composite materials. Filamentous bacteria were analyzed fo

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This chapter focuses on the essential food safety practices in the service industry, covering topics such as time and temperature requirements for holding food, ways to prevent time-temperature abuse and cross-contamination, minimizing bare-hand contact with food, preventing staff and customers from

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Food poisoning is a common threat that can be prevented with proper food handling. It is caused by various microorganisms, natural toxins, and chemical residues. The illness is characterized by rapid onset of symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea. Common bacteria causing food poisoning include Staphyl

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Soil is more than just dirt - it's a living organism teeming with microorganisms that play a crucial role in the health and fertility of your garden. Finding the right balance of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, organic matter, nutrients, minerals, and pH levels is essential for creating a thri

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Brookfield Community Food Cupboard is a project aiming to provide food security to individuals and families in the Riverside Park/Hunt Club area, including students and families served by Brookfield High School. The initiative seeks to supplement existing food security programs by offering a day's w

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An estimated 48 million Americans suffer from food-borne illnesses yearly, caused by harmful microorganisms due to poor food handling practices. Factors contributing to food-borne illnesses include improper cooking, inadequate storage, and cross-contamination. To prevent such illnesses, it is essent

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Food processing plays a crucial role in preserving and extending the shelf life of foods. This chapter explores the advantages and disadvantages of food processing, the conditions microorganisms need to grow, various methods of food preservation, guidelines for freezing food, the significance of bla

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This lesson focuses on the importance of food safety, addressing how clean our food is and at what points safety can be compromised. It delves into common types of microbes that contaminate foods and explores ways in which food safety can be compromised. The activity involves case studies on food sa

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The Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure addresses the importance of sufficient disclosure and deposit of microorganisms in patent applications. Microorganisms play crucial roles in various industries like food product

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Understanding food spoilage causes, common food-poisoning bacteria, conditions for bacterial growth, ways to prevent food contamination, safe food handling practices, HACCP concept, types of perishable foods, importance of proper food storage, packaging materials for food, and recognizing signs of f

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Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microorganisms to inhibit or kill other microorganisms. In the lab, antibiotics susceptibility testing is conducted using the Disc Diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer method) on agar plates. The sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics is determined by measuri

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