Three core elements - economic planning, autarchy, and building socialism - define India's development pattern focused on self-sufficiency and state ownership of industries. The rationale behind this approach is debated between economic theory influences and Marxist perspectives, reflecting a commit

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Economic nationalism in India was characterized by the elements of economic planning, autarchy, and socialism. The development pattern focused on capital goods industries, inward orientation, and state ownership. Two interpretations of this pattern were influenced by economic theory and Marxist pers

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Social protection and free trade have been intertwined throughout history, with battles over autarchy and market economies. Economic liberalism faced defeats in the past due to illusions and challenges in adapting to changing economic landscapes. The concept of autarchy has been prophetically signif

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