Understanding Day, Night, and Seasons on Earth
Earth's rotation on its axis causes day and night, with the Sun appearing to rise in the east and set in the west. The movement of stars, Moon, and planets across the sky each night is due to Earth's rotation as shadows change in length throughout the day. Seasons result from Earth's revolution around the Sun, with varying sunlight intensity and angles due to the tilt of the Earth's axis.
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Please Do Now! In the margin of your paper describe what you think causes day and night. Share your answer with a partner.
1. Earth completes one rotation on its axis every 24 hours. http://hidayaresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/earth-rotation.png
2. As Earth rotates, the Sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west. http://roble.pntic.mec.es/rmac0040/im%E1genes/rotation.jpg
3. The stars, Moon, and planets appear to move across the sky each night because of Earth s rotation. http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0505/lighthouse_landolfi_big.jpg http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~barnes/ast110_06/ea/0419a.jpg
4. At dawn and dusk, shadows are long, and at midday, they are short. http://ppcdn.500px.org/2967579/0d76c5d663ceb27ff5143dde3cb428eb208f5801/5.jpg http://www.naoj.org/Topics/2012/05/15/fig1.jpg
What Do You Think?!? What do you think causes the seasons? Write your idea in the margin of your paper. Share your answer with a partner.
5. Each year, Earth complete one revolution around the Sun. http://www.adnaan.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/sun1.jpg
6. In June, the North Pole is tilted toward the Sun, so sunlight hits the Northern Hemisphere at a steeper angle. https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR8UVXKvQm1tJkj4NjWrsmM6niPrfaKXPbmA_l2VnDBbRfRCS32
7. In summer, light is more intense than it is in winter. https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSutvfVjvDVSvHDnBPMlaWt31197ljHIgraDAF_ywRT5GTaddJp2g
8. In December, the North Pole is tilted away from the Sun, so sunlight hits the Northern Hemisphere at a low angle. https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR8UVXKvQm1tJkj4NjWrsmM6niPrfaKXPbmA_l2VnDBbRfRCS32
9. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere. http://education.nationalgeographic.com/media/photos/000/312/31279.jpg
10. In Northern Alaska, summer nights are short but during winter the sun hardly appears. http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-M4j7Kl8b620/TgCWW_4JQmI/AAAAAAAAAlQ/cCylt4f4zAg/s1600/UAMI201_BLOG.jpg
11. The Sun rises higher in the sky in summer than it does in winter. http://aa.usno.navy.mil/graphics/suns_track.jpg
12. Near the equator, the Suns apparent path changes less during the year than at higher latitudes. http://www.aqualoc.us/images/equinox.jpg
13. The Suns path repeats itself every year, so it is possible to predict the time the sun will rise and set. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Sunrise_on_the_Beach.jpg
14. If the Earth rotated and revolved in the opposite direction, the Sun would rise in the west and set in the east. However, the seasons would follow in the same order. http://smashmaterials.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Sunrise-Pictures-171.jpg
Exit Question What do you think would be different if Earth rotated and revolved in the opposite direction? What would stay the same? Share your answer with a partner.
