Understanding Sales Promotions: Chapter Overview, Consumer Promotions, and Influencing Brand Purchases
Dive into the world of sales promotions with a focus on consumer promotions, coupons, influencing brand purchases, and various types and distribution methods of coupons. Discover the impact of promotions on consumer behavior and brand loyalty.
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Presentation Transcript
Sales Promotions Chapter 12
Chapter Overview Consumer promotions Directed to individuals/ businesses that use product Trade promotions Directed to channel members Can differentiate a brand Use varies product life cycle
Push/Pull Promotions Push: aimed at channel members trade promotions Manufacturer Wholesaler/ distributors Retailers Pull: aimed at consumers consumer promotions Consumers
Consumer Promotions Coupons Premiums Contests and sweepstakes Refunds and rebates Sampling Bonus packs Price-offs
Coupons Over 188 billion distributed Less than 1% redeemed Average value ~ $1.50 Savings of $2.25 billion
Coupon Usage Coupon usage 80% of households use 67% willing to switch brands Always ~ 21% Sometimes ~ 37% Rarely ~ 17% Never ~ 25%
Influencing Brand Purchases On a scale of 1 to 10, the following are the top five influences on the brand purchased by a consumer. Sampling Word-of-mouth Coupons Advertising Contests 7.8 7.2 5.9 5.6 1.2 Source: The Second Annual Survey of Consumer Preferences for Product Sampling, Santella & Associates (Http://www.santella.com/marketing.htm).
Types of Coupons Instant redemption Lead to trial purchase Bounce back Encourage repeat purchase Scanner-delivered Encourage brand switching Cross-ruffing
Coupon Distribution Manufacturers issue about 80% Freestanding inserts 88% Freestanding and print most popular Create brand awareness Encourage next trip purchase Digital coupons growing Users more affluent, better educated
Coupon Distribution Print media (90%) FSI (88%) Direct mail On- or in-package In-store Scanner-delivered Digital Employee/Sales staff
Percentage of Sales with a Coupon Product category % of sales using manufacturer s coupon Disposable diapers Detergents Meal starters Dough products (refrigerated) Cereal Wrapping materials, bags Oral hygiene products Household cleaners ~17% ~15% ~14% ~14% ~13% ~13% ~12% ~12%
Coupon Redemption Rates Type of coupon Percent Redeemed Instant redeemable Bounce-back, In-Pack Electronic shelf Instant redeemable cross ruff On-pack Direct mail Handout Free-standing inserts ~39% ~23% ~18% ~17% ~5% ~4% ~3% ~1% Source: Santella & Associates
Problems with Coupons Reduced revenues Used by brand preference consumers (80%) Necessary evil
Premiums Free-in-the-mail In- or on-package Store or manufacturer Self-liquidating Don t expect premiums to increase short-term profits
Contests and Sweepstakes Contests Require activity, skill Can require purchase Sweepstakes Random chance Must publish odds Cannot require purchase Enter as many times as desired
Refunds and Rebates Refunds soft goods Rebates hard goods Hassle to redeem Now expected by consumers Redemption rates 30% overall 65% for rebates over $50
Sampling In-store distribution Direct sampling Response sampling Cross-ruff sampling Professional sampling 33% who tried a sample made a purchase during same shopping trip 58% would buy product again 25% bought product instead of intended brand
Benefits of Sampling Target specific markets/audience! Introduce new products Encourage trial Generate leads Collect information Boost sales
Bonus Packs Increase usage of product Match or preempt competition May lead to stockpiling Develop customer loyalty Attract new users Encourage brand switching Typical bonus packs are special multi-packs or packages with extra 20- 100 % of product.
Price-Offs Temporary price reduction Benefits: Stimulate sales Entice trial Reduces customer financial risk Encourages brand switching, stockpiling Problems: Negative impact on profit Encourages price-sensitivity Potential impact on brand image
Planning Consumer Promotions (Pull) Advertising vs. Sales Promotion Advertising more profitable, high growth, and premium priced brands. Sales Promotion significant in less popular, low growth, mid to lower priced brands.
Planning Consumer Promotions (Pull) Retailers incentive to participate: Increase store traffic Increase store sales Attract new customers Increase basket size
Trade Promotions (Push) Types of trade promotions Trade allowances Trade contests Trade incentives Trade shows For manufacturers, trade promotions Accounts for 70% of marketing budget Often 2nd largest expense Accounts for 17.4% of gross sales
Trade Allowances Trade allowances: financial incentives to channel members may be passed on to other members of channel Types: Off-invoice allowance Price discount 35% of all trade dollars Slotting fees Exit fees
Slotting & Exit Fees Retailer justification Cost to add new products to inventory Requires shelf space Simplifies decision about new products Adds to bottom line Manufacturer objections Form of extortion Divert money from advertising and marketing Detrimental to small manufacturers 4% of retailers use exit fees, 82% use slotting fees
Trade Allowance Complications Failure to pass allowances on to retail customers Only occurs 52% of the time Retailers like only one brand on-deal at a time Forward buying Pass savings on or pocket higher margin Additional carrying costs Diversion Segmentation strategy nullified Additional shipping costs
Trade Contests Used to achieve specific sales targets. Funds known as spiff money. Rewards can be prizes or cash. Can be designed for various channel members. Some channel members do not allow trade contests because of possible conflict of interests.
Trade Incentives Cooperative merchandising agreement Trade Incentives Premium or bonus pack Co-op advertising programs 12-28
Cooperative Merchandising Agreement Formal agreement Popular with manufacturers Retailer must perform marketing functions Manufacturer maintains control Longer-term commitments Benefit retailers Schedule calendar promotions
Cooperative Advertising Manufacturer pays part of retailer s costs Retailer must follow specific guidelines No competing brands Retailers accrue monies Amount is based on sales Allows retailers to expand advertising Manufacturers gain exposure in local markets
Trade Shows Business to Business venue Consumer & BtB goods Few deals finalized Increase in international shows National shows being replaced by regional and niche shows Niche shows better prospects, Lower costs
Trade Shows - Attendees Education seekers Reinforcement seekers Solution seekers Buying teams Power buyers Competitive interests
