Empowering Future STEM Educators for a Brighter Tomorrow

 
Preparing Future
STEM Educators
 
Women in STEM Roadshow
Karen E. Irving, Ph.D.
February 2018
 
 
 
Overview
 
STEM professional supply and
demand
What is STEM?
What is science?
What is science education?
STEM learning challenges
Background
W
h
a
t
 
i
s
 
S
T
E
M
?
 
S
cience
T
echnology
E
ngineering
M
athematics
Background
W
h
a
t
 
i
s
 
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
?
 
Sharing of science content and processes
Learners may be children, college students,
or adults
Includes scientific methodologies, social
sciences, and science of learning & teaching
Includes many different science disciplines
Background
S
u
p
p
l
y
 
&
 
D
e
m
a
n
d
 
US Department of Education,
http://www.ed.gov/stem
  2016
T
h
e
 
L
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
 
C
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
e
 
Only ~
16%
 of US high school
seniors are proficient in math
and science
~
40%
 of U.S. students who
enter college with declared
STEM majors, switch majors.
If Pre-Med students are
counted, ~
60%
 leave STEM
fields
Drew, 2011
T
h
e
 
L
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
 
C
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
e
 
Students have
choices about what
to study.
 
Drew, 2011
 
 
T
h
e
 
P
r
o
b
l
e
m
 
Increase the supply of talented
STEM professionals
Teaching and learning STEM is
difficult
High quality graduates are needed
How can you broaden access to
STEM education in India?
 
 
P
r
e
p
a
r
i
n
g
 
t
o
 
T
e
a
c
h
 
Effective teaching is challenging
STEM teacher candidates must
understand their STEM content as
well as how to teach that STEM
content to others.
 
 
 
G
o
o
d
 
T
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
 
M
a
t
t
e
r
s
 
Systematic, planned, implemented and
evaluated educational programs work
better
Realistic and measurable outcomes are
needed
Talented teachers help produce talented
scientists, engineers, and mathematicians
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
 
o
f
 
T
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
&
 
L
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
 
If you want to know how to help people
learn, you should know something about
how learning works.
If you want to be an effective teacher, you
should know what works in the classroom.
 
Meyer, 2011, p vii
 
PSYCHOLOGY
Study of mental processes
responsible for cognition
& behavior
 
PEDAGOGY
 &
ANDRAGOGY
Study of the science of
teaching
 
NEUROSCIENCE
Study of the brain’s development,
structure and function
 
PSYCHOLOGY
Study of mental processes
responsible for cognition
& behavior
 
PEDAGOGY
 &
ANDRAGOGY
Study of the science of
teaching
 
NEUROSCIENCE
Study of the brain’s development,
structure and function
 
EDUCATIONAL
NEUROSCIENCE
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
 
N
e
u
r
o
s
c
i
e
n
c
e
 
Meyer, 2011, p 2
 
Emerging scientific field
Explores the interactions between biological
processes and education
Cognitive neuroscience
Educational psychology
Educational technology
Educational theory
P
r
e
p
a
r
i
n
g
 
S
T
E
M
 
E
d
u
c
a
t
o
r
s
 
STEM content knowledge
STEM research experience
Science of learning (instruction
& assessment)
Teaching practice & mentoring
T
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
 
&
 
L
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
 
Meyer, 2011, p 2
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e
a
c
h
i
n
g
 
a
n
d
 
L
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
i
n
 
t
h
e
 
2
1
s
t
 
c
e
n
t
u
r
y
 
Post-millennial technologies have
changed the nature of pedagogy &
andragogy
Opportunities for students to
engage with content have changed
 
Huge volumes of information instantly
available
Time and distance barriers different
Networking opportunities vastly
increased
OERs and GNUs reduce financial burden
 
T
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
 
a
n
d
 
L
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
i
n
 
t
h
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2
1
s
t
 
c
e
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u
r
y
T
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c
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i
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g
 
a
n
d
 
L
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i
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t
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2
1
s
t
 
c
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n
t
u
r
y
M
O
O
C
s
 
a
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O
h
i
o
 
S
t
a
t
e
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
 
(
O
S
U
)
 
Provide for the common good
Platform to experiment with different
teaching methods
Collect data about technology-empowered
learning experiences
Reach a global audience
Promote awareness about the university
Boost enrollment
M
O
O
C
s
 
a
t
 
O
S
U
 
2012 partnership with Coursera to offer
MOOCs
By 2013,  >101,000 students from 150+
countries enrolled
Expanding the global impact of the
university while helping to inform the way
we teach on campus.
T
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
 
a
n
d
 
L
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
i
n
 
t
h
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2
1
s
t
 
c
e
n
t
u
r
y
 
Established practices are challenged by
modern technologies
Lecture halls
Rigid timelines
Schedules
Controlled access to learning resources
Traditional practice
T
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
 
a
n
d
 
L
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a
r
n
i
n
g
i
n
 
t
h
e
 
2
1
s
t
 
c
e
n
t
u
r
y
 
Student choice in learning pathways
Changing relationships between students
and universities
Administrator choice of ‘free’ resources
like TED talks, MOOCs, OERs
Student expectations for digital and social
media
T
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
 
a
n
d
 
L
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t
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2
1
s
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c
e
n
t
u
r
y
 
Must be relevant & competitive
Provides knowledge and skills on the
cutting edge
Students must 
know how 
and 
know what
Collaborative teamwork skills important
Making informed choices with incomplete
information
I
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e
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a
t
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U
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I
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d
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C
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
e
 
Competitive higher education environment
Global economy
21
st
 century communications opening new
educational opportunities
Improved pre college educational
opportunities
Enormous human capital potential
 
 
 
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
 
I
n
q
u
i
r
y
 
What kinds of questions can science
answer?
How do scientists design and
conduct science investigations?
What kinds of tools and techniques
do they use
?
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
 
I
n
q
u
i
r
y
 
How do they recognize alternative
theories?
How do they communicate
problems & explanations?
L
e
t
s
 
t
r
y
 
a
 
s
m
a
l
l
 
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
I
n
q
u
i
r
y
 
What do you observe?
What can you infer?
What is the difference between an
observation and an inference?
L
e
t
s
 
t
r
y
 
a
 
s
m
a
l
l
 
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
I
n
q
u
i
r
y
 
If we look at the 6
th
 side of the cube,
what will we see?
With your group – come to a decision.
Provide evidence to support your
decision.
L
e
t
s
 
t
r
y
 
a
 
m
o
r
e
 
d
i
f
f
i
c
u
l
t
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
 
I
n
q
u
i
r
y
 
Each group has one cube.  
Do not
touch the cube with your hands
. You
may use the small wooden spoon to
touch it.
Do not turn it over.
Collect evidence about the cube.
L
e
t
s
 
t
r
y
 
a
 
m
o
r
e
 
d
i
f
f
i
c
u
l
t
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
 
I
n
q
u
i
r
y
 
What do you observe?
What can you infer?
What do you think you will find on the
hidden side?
Make an argument supported with
evidence for your ideas.
L
e
t
s
 
t
r
y
 
a
 
m
o
r
e
 
d
i
f
f
i
c
u
l
t
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
 
I
n
q
u
i
r
y
 
How confident are you in your
argument?
Could you be wrong?
Is there more than one possible
choice?
L
e
t
s
 
t
r
y
 
a
 
m
o
r
e
 
d
i
f
f
i
c
u
l
t
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
 
I
n
q
u
i
r
y
 
What information might help you
decide between the alternatives?
A new technology has been
invented that could help you gather
more information….
L
e
t
s
 
t
r
y
 
a
 
m
o
r
e
 
d
i
f
f
i
c
u
l
t
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
 
I
n
q
u
i
r
y
 
Use your new technology to check
one number on the corner of the
hidden side.
What number do you find?
Does this information help you decide
among different alternatives?
L
e
s
s
o
n
 
D
e
s
i
g
n
 
 
5
E
 
Engage
Explore
Explain
Elaborate
Evaluate
 
W
h
a
t
 
d
o
e
s
 
t
h
i
s
 
l
e
s
s
o
n
 
t
e
a
c
h
?
 
Scientific explanations are
Based on empirical data
Made in the public space
Tentative
Historical (based on previous info)
Probabilistic (statistically based)
Assume cause-effect
Limited
 
 
 
 
 
H
o
w
 
t
o
 
f
i
n
d
 
t
h
e
 
l
e
s
s
o
n
 
National Academy of Science (NAS)
Teaching about Evolution and the Nature
of Science
 
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5787.html
 
 
 
 
T
a
k
e
 
H
o
m
e
 
T
h
o
u
g
h
t
s
 
India needs talented STEM
professionals
Excellent teachers are needed to
produce STEM professionals
Teaching is based on science
You can be a STEM teacher 
and
contribute to the future of India
 
 
T
h
a
n
k
 
Y
o
u
 
Dr. Karen E. Irving
Irving.8@osu.edu
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Delve into the world of STEM education through the lens of Dr. Karen E. Irving's insightful roadshow in February 2018. Explore the challenges and opportunities in preparing the next generation of STEM professionals. Discover the importance of effective teaching in bridging the gap between STEM content and education. Uncover strategies to enhance access to quality STEM education and encourage more talented individuals to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.


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  1. Preparing Future STEM Educators Women in STEM Roadshow Karen E. Irving, Ph.D. February 2018

  2. Overview STEM professional supply and demand What is STEM? What is science? What is science education? STEM learning challenges

  3. Background What is STEM? Science Technology Engineering Mathematics

  4. What is Science Background Education? Sharing of science content and processes Learners may be children, college students, or adults Includes scientific methodologies, social sciences, and science of learning & teaching Includes many different science disciplines

  5. Supply & Demand Background US Department of Education, http://www.ed.gov/stem 2016

  6. The Learning Challenge Only ~16% of US high school seniors are proficient in math and science ~40% of U.S. students who enter college with declared STEM majors, switch majors. If Pre-Med students are counted, ~60% leave STEM fields Drew, 2011

  7. The Learning Challenge Students have choices about what to study. Drew, 2011

  8. The Problem Increase the supply of talented STEM professionals Teaching and learning STEM is difficult High quality graduates are needed How can you broaden access to STEM education in India?

  9. Preparing to Teach Effective teaching is challenging STEM teacher candidates must understand their STEM content as well as how to teach that STEM content to others.

  10. Good Teaching Matters Systematic, planned, implemented and evaluated educational programs work better Realistic and measurable outcomes are needed Talented teachers help produce talented scientists, engineers, and mathematicians

  11. Science of Teaching & Learning If you want to know how to help people learn, you should know something about how learning works. If you want to be an effective teacher, you should know what works in the classroom. Meyer, 2011, p vii

  12. PSYCHOLOGY Study of mental processes responsible for cognition & behavior PEDAGOGY & ANDRAGOGY Study of the science of teaching NEUROSCIENCE Study of the brain s development, structure and function

  13. PSYCHOLOGY Study of mental processes responsible for cognition & behavior PEDAGOGY & ANDRAGOGY Study of the science of teaching EDUCATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE NEUROSCIENCE Study of the brain s development, structure and function

  14. Educational Neuroscience Emerging scientific field Explores the interactions between biological processes and education Cognitive neuroscience Educational psychology Educational technology Educational theory Meyer, 2011, p 2

  15. Preparing STEM Educators STEM content knowledge STEM research experience Science of learning (instruction & assessment) Teaching practice & mentoring

  16. Teaching & Learning Instruction Learning Assessment Meyer, 2011, p 2

  17. Teaching and Learning in the 21st century Post-millennial technologies have changed the nature of pedagogy & andragogy Opportunities for students to engage with content have changed

  18. Teaching and Learning in the 21st century Huge volumes of information instantly available Time and distance barriers different Networking opportunities vastly increased OERs and GNUs reduce financial burden

  19. Teaching and Learning in the 21st century

  20. MOOCs at Ohio State University (OSU) Provide for the common good Platform to experiment with different teaching methods Collect data about technology-empowered learning experiences Reach a global audience Promote awareness about the university Boost enrollment

  21. MOOCs at OSU 2012 partnership with Coursera to offer MOOCs By 2013, >101,000 students from 150+ countries enrolled Expanding the global impact of the university while helping to inform the way we teach on campus.

  22. Teaching and Learning in the 21st century Established practices are challenged by modern technologies Lecture halls Rigid timelines Schedules Controlled access to learning resources Traditional practice

  23. Teaching and Learning in the 21st century Student choice in learning pathways Changing relationships between students and universities Administrator choice of free resources like TED talks, MOOCs, OERs Student expectations for digital and social media

  24. Teaching and Learning in the 21st century Must be relevant & competitive Provides knowledge and skills on the cutting edge Students must know how and know what Collaborative teamwork skills important Making informed choices with incomplete information

  25. International Students in the USA

  26. Global Community

  27. Distribution in the US

  28. Indias Challenge Competitive higher education environment Global economy 21st century communications opening new educational opportunities Improved pre college educational opportunities Enormous human capital potential

  29. Science Inquiry What kinds of questions can science answer? How do scientists design and conduct science investigations? What kinds of tools and techniques do they use?

  30. Science Inquiry How do they recognize alternative theories? How do they communicate problems & explanations?

  31. Lets try a small Science Inquiry What do you observe? What can you infer? What is the difference between an observation and an inference?

  32. Lets try a small Science Inquiry If we look at the 6th side of the cube, what will we see? With your group come to a decision. Provide evidence to support your decision.

  33. Lets try a more difficult Science Inquiry Each group has one cube. Do not touch the cube with your hands. You may use the small wooden spoon to touch it. Do not turn it over. Collect evidence about the cube.

  34. Lets try a more difficult Science Inquiry What do you observe? What can you infer? What do you think you will find on the hidden side? Make an argument supported with evidence for your ideas.

  35. Lets try a more difficult Science Inquiry How confident are you in your argument? Could you be wrong? Is there more than one possible choice?

  36. Lets try a more difficult Science Inquiry What information might help you decide between the alternatives? A new technology has been invented that could help you gather more information .

  37. Lets try a more difficult Science Inquiry Use your new technology to check one number on the corner of the hidden side. What number do you find? Does this information help you decide among different alternatives?

  38. Lesson Design 5E Engage Explore Explain Elaborate Evaluate

  39. What does this lesson teach? Scientific explanations are Based on empirical data Made in the public space Tentative Historical (based on previous info) Probabilistic (statistically based) Assume cause-effect Limited

  40. How to find the lesson National Academy of Science (NAS) Teaching about Evolution and the Nature of Science http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5787.html

  41. Take Home Thoughts India needs talented STEM professionals Excellent teachers are needed to produce STEM professionals Teaching is based on science You can be a STEM teacher and contribute to the future of India

  42. Thank You Dr. Karen E. Irving Irving.8@osu.edu

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