Understanding the Importance and Objectives of Plant Breeding
Plant breeding is the art and science of enhancing the genetic makeup of plants for human benefit, aiming to improve crop characteristics such as yield, quality, resistance to pests and diseases, and adaptation to changing environments. While it offers numerous advantages, there are also potential challenges such as reduced diversity and genetic base, uniformity risks, and susceptibility to diseases.
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B. SC. III PAPER I X UNIT NO 4 PLANT BREEDING Introduction, Definition, Aims and objectives of Plant breeding Dr. Manjusha Ingawale Dept. Of Botany, Kisan Veer Mahavidyalaya, wai
Plant Breeding Definition, Aim, Objectives and Scope of Plant Breeding Definition : Plant breeding can be defined as an art, a science, and technology of improving the genetic make up of plants in relation to their economic use for the man kind. or Plant breeding is the art and science of improving the heredity of plants for the benefit of mankind.
or Plant breeding deals with the genetic improvement of crop plants also known as science of crop improvement. or Science of changing and improving the heredity of plants Aim : Plant breeding aims to improve the characteristics of plants so that they become more desirable agronomically and economically. The specific objectives may vary greatly depending on the crop under consideration.
Objectives of Plant Breeding : 1. Higher yield 2. Improved quality: 3. Abiotic resistance : 4. Biotic resistance 5. Change in maturity Duration / Earliness 6. Determinate Growth 7. Dormancy 8. Desirable Agronomic Characteristics 9. Elimination of Toxic Substances : 10.Non-shattering characteristics 11.Synchronous Maturity 0 12.Photo and Thermo insensitivity 13.Wider adaptability 14.Varieties for New Seasons
Scope of plant breeding (Future Prospects) Undesirable effects Undesirable effects Plant breeding has several useful applications in the improvement of crop plants. However, it has five main undesirable effects on crop plants. 1. Reduction in Diversity 2. Narrow genetic base 3. Danger of Uniformity 4. Undesirable combinations 5. Increased susceptibility to minor diseases and pests
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