The Pallavas: Origins, Politics, and Achievements
The Pallavas, an ancient dynasty in South India, had multiple theories surrounding their origin, with some suggesting Persian descent. Their political history saw conflicts with the Chalukyas and a focus on military conquests. Notable rulers like Mahendravarman I and Narasimhavarman I expanded the Pallava kingdom and demonstrated prowess in art and architecture. The reign of Narasimhavarman II marked a period of peace and cultural development, with significant architectural projects undertaken during his rule.
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Origin of the Pallavas . There are many theories regarding the origin of the Pallavas . Some scholars consider that the Pallavas were foreigners . According to this theory , the Pallavas were the Descendants of the Persians who invaded North India . The theory that the Tamil Country had been the original home of the Pallavas is based on the story of Thondaiman Ilanthiraiyan , considered to be a descendent of the Chola Naga tribes . It is generally considered that the Pallavas had migrated to the Tamil Country from North India , they served under the Mauryas .
Politics of the Pallavas . Mehendravarman I AD . 600 630 The History of the Pallavas begins with the reign of Simhavishnu . He defeated and eliminated the Kalabhras from the Tamil Country . Simhavishnu was succeeded by his son Mahendravarman I , a follower of Jainism , Later , he followed Saivism due to the influence of the Saivaite Saint Tirunavukkarasar , who is also known as Appar . The Pallava Chalukya conflict had began during the period of Mahendravarman -I The Chalukyan king Pulakesin II marched against the Pallavas and defeated Mahendravarman I Mahendravarman I chased his enemy and defeated the Chalukyan army at Pullalur .
Mahendravarman I had also defeated the Western Ganga ruler Durvinitha . He assumed the titles Sathrumallan and Kalagappriyan shows his military genius . Other titles such as Chttrakkarappuli , Vichitra Chitha , Mathavilasa , Sangirana jathi reveals his interest in Literature , Art and Music . Narasimhavarman -I ( AD 630 668 ) He was the son and successor of Mahendravarman I . Narasimhavarman had defeated the Chalukyan ruler Pulakesin II at Manimangalam Then he marched with his army towards the Chalukyan Kingdom . The Commander in Chief of the Pallava army was Paranjothi , Pulakesin -II was defeated and killed in the battle . The Chalukyan capital Vathapi was set to fire and destroyed . After this victory , Narasimhavarman I had assumed the title of Vathapi Kondan .
Narasimhavarman I had sent two expeditions to Ceylon and helped his friend Manavarman to get back his kingdom . During his period , the Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsang visited the Pallava capital Kanchipuram . He stayed there for some time and studied in the Buddhist Kadigai . He had given detailed information regarding the greatness of Kanchi in his travel account . He assumed many titles such as Mamallan , Sribharan , Srimehan , Srinithi and Vadhya Vidyatharan . He was succeeded by Mahendravarman II , Parameshwaravarman I , Narasimhavarman II ( Rajasimha ) and others .
Narasimhavarman II ( Rajasimha ) - 695 722 AD ) He was also known as Rajasimha . His period was peaceful and he showed much interest in developing the Art and Architecture . The Shore temple at Mamallapuram and the Kailasanatha temple at Kanchipuram were built in this period and also a great patron of Art and Letters . The famous Sanskrit Scholar Dandin was the Court poet of Narasimhavarman II . He sent embassies To China to maintained their trade relations .. He assumed the titles like Sankarabhakta and Agama Priya . He was succeeded by Parameswaravarman II and Nandivarman II . The Pallava rule lasted till the end of the 9th Century AD . The Chola king Aditya -I defeated the last Pallava ruler Aparajita and seized the Kanchipuram region , with this , the rule of Pallava dynasty came to an end .
