Exploring Fundamental Forces in Nature: A Physics Perspective

 
PHYSICAL WORLD
 
CLASS –XI
PHYSICS
 
INTRODUCTION
 
Physics is the study of nature and its laws
Physicists try to discover the rules that are
operating in nature, on the basis of
observations, experimentation and
analysis
Physics deals with certain basic rules/laws
   governing the natural world
 
FUNDAMENTAL FORCES IN NATURE
 
Gravitational Force-
The gravitational force is
the force of mutual attraction between any
two objects by virtue of their masses
It is a universal force
It is always attractive in nature
It is independent of the medium between
two masses
 
FUNDAMENTAL FORCES IN NATURE
 
Electromagnetic Force-
Electromagnetic force is
the force between charged particles
When charges are at rest, the force is given by
    Coulomb’s law
The force is attractive for unlike charges and
    repulsive for like charges
Charges in motion produce magnetic effects
Electric and magnetic effects are, in general,
     inseparable . hence the name electromagnetic
     force
 
FUNDAMENTAL FORCES IN NATURE
 
Strong Nuclear Force- 
The strong nuclear
force binds protons and neutrons in a nucleus
The strong nuclear force is the strongest of all
fundamental forces
It is charge-independent and acts equally
between a proton and a proton, a neutron
and a neutron, and a proton and a neutron
Its range is, however, extremely small , of
about nuclear dimensions (1 fm)
 
FUNDAMENTAL FORCES IN NATURE
 
Weak Nuclear Force- The weak nuclear force
appears only in certain nuclear processes such
as the β-decay of a nucleus
The weak nuclear force is not as weak as the
gravitational force, but much weaker than the
strong nuclear and electromagnetic forces
The range of weak nuclear force is exceedingly
small
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Physics, the study of nature and its laws, explores fundamental forces governing the natural world. Gravitational force, electromagnetic force, strong nuclear force, and weak nuclear force play crucial roles in interactions at atomic and cosmic levels. Understanding these forces is essential for comprehending the dynamics of the physical world.


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  1. PHYSICAL WORLD CLASS XI PHYSICS

  2. INTRODUCTION Physics is the study of nature and its laws Physicists try to discover the rules that are operating in nature, on the basis of observations, experimentation and analysis Physics deals with certain basic rules/laws governing the natural world

  3. FUNDAMENTAL FORCES IN NATURE Gravitational Force-The gravitational force is the force of mutual attraction between any two objects by virtue of their masses It is a universal force It is always attractive in nature It is independent of the medium between two masses

  4. FUNDAMENTAL FORCES IN NATURE Electromagnetic Force-Electromagnetic force is the force between charged particles When charges are at rest, the force is given by Coulomb s law The force is attractive for unlike charges and repulsive for like charges Charges in motion produce magnetic effects Electric and magnetic effects are, in general, inseparable . hence the name electromagnetic force

  5. FUNDAMENTAL FORCES IN NATURE Strong Nuclear Force- The strong nuclear force binds protons and neutrons in a nucleus The strong nuclear force is the strongest of all fundamental forces It is charge-independent and acts equally between a proton and a proton, a neutron and a neutron, and a proton and a neutron Its range is, however, extremely small , of about nuclear dimensions (1 fm)

  6. FUNDAMENTAL FORCES IN NATURE Weak Nuclear Force- The weak nuclear force appears only in certain nuclear processes such as the -decay of a nucleus The weak nuclear force is not as weak as the gravitational force, but much weaker than the strong nuclear and electromagnetic forces The range of weak nuclear force is exceedingly small

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