Understanding Socio-Affective Development in Infants and Children
Socio-affective development focuses on how individuals interact with others and manage their emotions. It is influenced by factors such as personalities, morality, emotions, and spirituality. Attachment theory, proposed by John Bowlby, explains how infants form relationships with caregivers, starting from the preattachment phase in the first 6 weeks of life. This phase involves the instinctual bond between the child and caregiver, paving the way for the development of secure attachments. By fostering positive social skills and emotional awareness, individuals can navigate relationships and communicate effectively.
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HSD L4 TOPIC 2 MALUTI TVET BETHLEHEM Mrs C Schnetler
Socio-affective development SOCIO-AFFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL : INTERACTION BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS AFFECTIVE : EMOTIONS AND FEELINGS SOCIALLY DEVELOPED (QUALITIES/CHARACTERISTICS): ABLE TO NEGOTIATE TOLERATE OF OTHER PEOPLE RESPECT OTHERS INTERACT AND COMMUNICATE WITH OTHER PEOPLE: CALMLY EASILY WITH MATURITY.
OUR ABILITY TO BE SOCIALLY DEVELOPED IS DETERMINED BY: OUR PERSONALITIES OUR MORALITY (UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT IS RIGHT AND WHAT IS WRONG) OUR EMOTIONS OUR SPIRITUALITY (RELIGIOUS BELIEFS) OUR ABILITY TO FORM AND KEEP RELATIONSHIPS
Socio-affective development THEORY OF ATTACHMENT: PEOPLE S ABILITY TO FORM RELATIONSHIPS (FROM AS YOUNG AS 6 WEEKS) BOWLBY S ATTACHMENT THEORY: ATTACHED : - BEING TOGETHER, BEING JOINED, NOT SEPARATED THE EMOTIONAL BOND BETWEEN THE CHILD AND THE PARENTS BETWEEN AN ADULT AND HIS/HER FRIENDS OR ROMANTIC PARTNER THE BOND BETWEEN A CHILD AND HIS/HER PRIMARY CAREGIVER IT IS NATURAL FOR A BABY TO DEVELOP A BOND WITH THE PERSON WHO CARES FOR HIM / HER MOST, BECAUSE THIS WILL HELP TO SATISFY THE CHILD S BIOLOGICAL AND EMOTIONAL NEEDS.
Socio-affective development JOHN BOWLBY BELIEVED THAT HUMAN BABIES ARE ALL BORN WITH INSTINCTS TO KEEP THEIR PARENT OR CAREGIVER CLOSE TO THEM. HE DEVELOPED THE ETHOLOGICAL THEORY WHICH DEFINED ATTACHMENT AS OCCURRING IN FOUR PHASES IN A CHILD S LIFE: * PREATTACHMENT PHASE * ATTACHMENT-IN-THE-MAKING PHASE * CLEAR-CUT ATTACHMENT * THE FORMATION OF A RECIPROCAL RELATIONSHIP
Socio-affective development PREATTACHMENT PHASE: BEGINNING OF ATTACHMENT OCCURS WITHIN THE FIRST 6 WEEKS OF A BABY S LIFE THE BABY AUTOMATICALLY CRIES AND GRASPS ONTO THE PARENT/CAREGIVER. THE BABY S ACTIONS ENCOURAGE THE PARENT TO PICK THE BABY UP AND TO STAY CLOSE. THE BABY GETS USED TO THE PARENT S SMELL AND VOICE. THE BABY WILL NOT BE TOO UPSET BY AN UNFAMILIAR ADULT BECAUSE COMPLETE ATTACHMENT HAS NOT DEVELOPED YET. (PRE=BEFORE/PREATTACHMENT=BEFORE PROPER ATTACHMENT)
Socio-affective development ATTACHMENT-IN-THE-MAKING PHASE: THE BABY IS 6 WEEKS TO 8 MONTHS OLD. THE BABY REACTS TO THE PARENT IN ONE WAY, BUT DIFFERENTLY TO AN ADULT. UNFAMILIAR WHEN THE PARENT HOLDS THE BABY CLOSE, THE BABY SMILES MORE AND CRIES LESS THAN WHEN A STRANGER HOLDS HIM/HER. THE BABY NOW STARTS TO LEARN THAT HIS/HER ACTIONS AFFECT OTHER PEOPLE: THE BABY STARTS TO REALISE THAT HIS/HER PARENT RESPONDS TO HIS/HER ACTIONS WHEN BEING HELD OR BEING TALKED TO. THE BABY NOW STARTS TO TRUST HIS/HER PARENT.
Socio-affective development CLEAR-CUT ATTACHMENT: THE BABY IS BETWEEN 8 MONTHS AND ABOUT 2 YEARS. THE BABY GETS EASILY UPSET WHEN THE PARENT LEAVES HIS/HER SIGHT. THE BABY WILL SUFFER FROM SEPARATION ANXIETY: THE BABY WILL SCREAM AND CRY AND WILL NOT BE COMFORTED WHEN THE PARENT LEAVES THE ROOM. THE BABY WILL ONLY BE SATISFIED WHEN THE PARENT RETURNS. THE BABY DOES NOT UNDERSTAND WHY THE PARENT HAS TO LEAVE AND DOES NOT KNOW WHEN THE PARENT WILL BE BACK AGAIN. THE BABY HAS NOT DEVELOPED LANGUAGE YET TO BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND.
Socio-affective development THE FORMATION OF A RECIPROCAL RELATIONSHIP: END OF SECOND YEAR THE BABY HAS BECOME A CHILD. THIS IS THE FINAL PHASE OF ATTACHMENT. THROUGH LANGUAGE, THE CHILD KNOWS WHY AND WHEN THE PARENTS MUST LEAVE AND UNDERSTANDS THAT THE PARENT WILL RETURN AGAIN. THE CHILD IS OLD ENOUGH TO NEGOTIATE WITH THE PARENT. THE CHILD DOES NOT EXPERIENCE SEPARATION ANXIETY AS MUCH ANY MORE.
Socio-affective development FROM NOW ON, THE CHILD S ATTACHMENT TO THE PARENT WILL CONTINUE TO WEAKEN. THE CHILD WILL START TO FORM NEW ATTACHMENTS TO OTHER PEOPLE. THE CHILD S FIRST NEW ATTACHMENT WILL PROBABLY BE TO HIS/HER TEACHER AT SCHOOL AND HIS/HER PEERS. AS THE CHILD BECOMES OLDER, HE/SHE WILL START TO FORM ATTACHMENTS TO ROMANTIC PARTNERS. THE WAY IN WHICH THE BABY MOVES THROUGH THE STAGES OF ATTACHMENT TO THE PARENT, WILL AFFECT HIS/HER EMOTIONS AND PERSONALITY LATER IN LIFE. THE CHILD S SOCIO-AFFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT DEPENDS ON THE WAY HE/SHE DEVELOPS AN ATTACHMENT TO THE PARENT.
Socio-affective development ATTACHMENT STYLES: AVOIDANT: PREFERRING TO STAY AWAY FROM OTHERS SECURE: FEELING SAFE AMBIVALENT: HAVING MIXED FEELINGS DISORDERED: CONFUSED
Socio-affective development AVOIDANT: PREFERRING TO STAY AWAY FROM OTHERS THE BABY APPEARS TO BE CONFIDENT AND INDEPENDENT BECAUSE THEY DO NOT CLING TO THE PARENT. THIS IS NOT A HEALTHY ATTACHMENT STYLE. THE BABY DOES NOT FORM AN ATTACHMENT TO THE PARENT. THE BABY CANNOT FORM AN ATTACHMENT TO ANOTHER ADULT.
Socio-affective development SECURE: FEELING SAFE THE BABY SHOWS THAT HE/SHE IS SCARED AND ANGRY WHEN THE PARENT LEAVES THE ROOM. THE BABY IS HAPPY WHEN THE PARENT RETURNS. THE BABY IS FRIENDLY WITH THE PARENT, BUT CAN BE NERVOUS AROUND STRANGERS.
Socio-affective development AMBIVALENT: HAVING MIXED FEELINGS THE BABY SHOWS AGGRESSION TOWARDS THE PARENT, BUT AT THE SAME TIME WANTS TO BE CLOSE TO THE PARENT. THE BABY SHOWS HOSTILITY TO THE PARENT WHEN THE PARENT IS IN THE ROOM, BUT WHEN THE PARENT LEAVES, THE BABY BECOME ANGRY AND EVEN MORE AGGRESSIVE.
Socio-affective development DISORDERED: CONFUSED THIS ATTACHMENT DEVELOPS WHEN THE PARENT IS CARING THE ONE MOMENT, THEN AGGRESSIVE THE NEXT MOMENT. THE BABY DOES NOT KNOW WHAT TO EXPECT. THE BABY DOES NOT FOLLOW DIRECTIONS. THE BABY HAS THE DESIRE TO BE CLOSE, BUT AT SAME TIME PUSHES OTHERS AWAY. BABIES RELATIONSHIPS WITH THEIR CAREGIVERS FROM BIRTH CAN AFFECT THE SOCIO- AFFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE REST OF THEIR LIVES.
Socio-affective development QUESTIONS: 1. NAME FIVE QUALITIES OF A SOCIALLY DEVELOPED PERSON. 2. DEFINE BOWLBY S ATTACHMENT OR ETHOLOGICAL THEORY. 3. NAME AND DISCUSS THE FOUR STAGES OF BOWLBY S ATTACHMENT/ETHOLOGICAL THEORY. 4. NAME AND DISCUSS THE FOUR STYLES OF ATTACHMENT.
