Women in Publishing: Peer Review Standards

This study delves into the underrepresentation of women in academic publishing, exploring implicit biases, diversity's effect on research quality and bias reduction, and the standards female economists face. It highlights the challenges faced by female authors, from peer review to citation rates, questioning if research by women is held to higher standards.

• Women in Publishing
• Peer Review
• Gender Bias
• Research Diversity
• Academic Challenges

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1. Publishing while female: Are women held to higher standards? Evidence from peer review. By Erin Hengel Discussion by Anne Boring May 14th, 2018

2. Research on the underrepresentation of women What do we know? To what extent are women and minorities underrepresented? To what extent do implicit attitudes and institutional practices exist? Does it matter? Does more diversity lead to better research? Does more diversity reduce biases? What can we do?

3. Proportion of female economists by country Source: Female representation in Economics, RePEc, January 2018 See: Economics: where are the women? Boring & Zignago (2018)

4. Shares of women in RePEc, by PhD cohorts Source: Female representation in Economics, RePEc, January 2018 See: Economics: where are the women? Boring & Zignago (2018)

5. Research: publications in Top Five Boring & P rivier (2018) reanalysis of Card & DellaVigna (2014) research on publications in Top Five journals from 1970 to 2012: Of all the names attached to papers (N=21,171): 6.9% are female Only 5.9% of single-authored articles have been written by a woman Percentage of women and men among all authors, by year 1 .8 .6 .4 .2 0 1970 1980 1990 year 2000 2010 % women % men

6. Number of articles with at least two authors published in top five journals 200 150 Number of articles 100 50 0 1970 1980 1990 year 2000 2010 all women at least one woman all men

7. Women as single authors tend to be cited less often Citations per year, by gender Ann Krueger The Political Economy of the Rent- Seeking Society (AER, 1974) 800 600 400 200 0 1970 1980 1990 year 2000 2010 women_single_cite women_multi_cite men_single_cite men_multi_cite

8. Is research by women held to higher standards? Hengel (WP, 2017) uses readability scores to test for quality of paper: Female-authored papers are better written than equivalent papers by men Gap higher for published articles Female-authored papers take half a year longer in peer review (Econometrica) Do these results provide evidence of tougher editorial standards and/or biased referee assignment?