Urban Challenges and Opportunities in India: Strategies for Future Cities
This content discusses the urban challenges and opportunities in India, focusing on population trends, urban initiatives, and the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM). It emphasizes the need for sustainable, inclusive, and smart cities with strategies such as improving urban governance, infrastructure, and promoting sustainable practices. The content also highlights possible linkages with UK institutions for knowledge sharing and technology exchange in urban development projects.
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URBAN CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN INDIA Conference on Future Cities New Delhi Feb. 24-25, 2014 Chetan Vaidya Director SPA New Delhi Organized by MHRD. IIT Roorkee, and UK
URBAN INDIA POPULATION TRENDS Total Urban Population in 2011 : 377.2 million % Urban Population to total in 2011: 31.16% (50+% in 2050): No. Urban Centers: 7500, Million plus cities: 54 Large number of non-municipal towns % GDP in urban Areas: 70% % of Urban Poor: 29.8% (76.47 Million in 2009-10) Urban Infrastructure Investment Requirement: Rs. 39200 billion (US$ 871.11 billion) for 20 years Large variation among Sates India needs to improve its urban infrastructure and governance to achieve economic objectives
URBAN INITIATIVES IN INDIA Several initiatives to improve urban governance and Infrastructure: JNNURM- reform linked investment program Public Private Partnership e-Governance in Municipalities Market Based Financing Urban Transport Policy National Urban Sanitation Policy Service Level Benchmarking Program Rajiv Awas Yojana (Slum Free City) 13th CFC
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) JNNURM Mission provides Reform Linked Investment for Urban Infrastructure for cities undertaking reforms (2005-14) Constraints Absence of Long-Term City-Level Planning Inadequate Staff Capacity (at Central, State and Local Levels as well as private) Inadequate Project Identification, Planning and Implementation One size fit all cities and states approach not working Critical Reforms not understood and implemented Inadequate Communication It brought focus on urban infrastructure and Governance 4
STRATEGY Need Sustainable, Inclusive and Smart cities. Mayor has executive powers for managing and planning cities. Improved revenue base of local bodies with unlocking of land values. Focus on public urban transport and not individual transport. Spaces for cycling and walking. Land use plans are to be integrated with public transport and with high density, higher floor space and mixed land use. Slum upgradtion and not new housing for poor. Affordable housing through market systems Extensive use of Communication Information and Technology (ICT) Smart City 5
POSSIBLE LINKAGES WITH UK INSTITUTIONS Knowledge Sharing Technology for Urban Infrastructure-Project Planning, Implementation and Maintenance Urban Planning and Design Role of Private Sector Participation in Delivery of Services Urban Transport Smart City Options Capacity Building 6
CONCLUSIOINS Urbanization is Inevitable in India Urban India offers a number of Challenges and Opportunities for Employment Generation The Urban Problems are Surmountable We need Sustainable, Inclusive and Smart Urban Planning Need Knowledge Sharing and Partnerships among Urban Stakeholders to Learn from Each Other 7
c.vaidya@spa.ac.in THANK YOU
