Understanding Symbiotic Relationships in Nature

Symbiosis is the act of organisms living together, benefiting each other or having one organism harmed while the other benefits or remains unaffected. It includes mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism, each showcasing different types of interactions in nature. Examples such as flowers and insects in mutualism, barnacles on whales in commensalism, and parasites like tapeworms highlight the diverse relationships found in ecosystems.

• Symbiotic Relationships
• Nature
• Mutualism
• Parasitism
• Commensalism

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1. Symbiotic Relationships

2. What is symbiosis? Literal definition: the act of living together What it means: Two organisms that live together Temporarily or for a longer time At least one of the organisms

3. What are the different kinds of symbiosis? Mutualism both organisms benefit Parasitis m one organism benefits one organism is harmed Commensalis m one organism benefits one organism is unaffecte

4. Mutualism Both species benefit from the relationship. Ex. Flowers: Flowers provide the insects with food in the form of nectar, pollen, or other substances and the insects help the flowers reproduce by spreading the pollen.

5. Commensalism One species benefits, the other is neither harmed or helped. Barnacles attach themselves to a whale s skin. They don t harm the whale, but they benefit from the constant movement of water past the swimming whale, because the water carries food particles to them

6. Parasitism One organism lives on or inside another and harms it. Parasites obtain all or part of is nutritional needs from the other organism, called the host. Ex: Tapeworms live in the intestines of mammals Ex: Fleas, ticks, lice live on bodies of mammals, feeding on the blood and skin of the host.

7. Acacia plant with ant galls Ants lay eggs on acacia tree Acacia covers the infected area with brown flesh (gall) Parasitism: one benefits, one is harmed

8. Moray Eel with Cleaner Fish Moray Eel gets a clean mouth Cleaner Fish gets a meal Mutualism: both benefit

9. Cattle with cattle egrets Cattle stir up insects as they eat grass Egrets hang around and eat insects Commensalism: one benefits, one is unaffected

10. Clown fish with anemone Clown fish gets protection Anemone is unaffected Commensalism: one benefits, one is unaffected

11. Antelope with Oxbird Antelop e gets rid of parasite s Oxbird gets a meal Mutualism: both benefit

12. Taenia worm in human eye Worm infects human blood stream Human may go blind Parasitism: one benefits, one is harmed