Understanding Medication Administration and Drug Calculations
Exploring the fundamentals of medication administration, including types of medication, common drug groups, the importance of the "Six Rights," common drug abbreviations, routes of administration, and drug calculation formulas. Examples provided for dosage calculations using Metoprolol and Phenytoin. Presented in a series of informative slides by M.Sc. Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim.
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Medication Lecture-4- Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim 1
Medication Medication : Is a substance administration for 1- palliative ; to control S&S 2- Curative ; TO cure disease 3- Diagnostic 4- preventive of disease (Immunization or vaccination) 5- Chemotherapy : for malignant tumor 6- Supportive ; to support body function (dopamine) 7-Substative :( insulin) 2 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
Six Right 1- right patient name 2- right drug name 3- right dose 4- right time 5- right route 6- right documentation 3 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
Common group of Drug *Antibiotic *Antipyretic * Expectorant * Analgesic *Anti-inflammatory *Antihistamine *Antispasmodic *Anti-acid *Antibacterial *Anti-protozoal *Bronchodilator * Antiemetic 4 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
Common Abbreviation use in medication order * PO---- per oral or per mouth *NPO---- Nothing Per Mouth (Oral) PRN---- ON need (painkiller) * *Stat ---- immediately at once *OTC-- Over The Counter Medication Bid ----2 time/ day * Tid----3 time /day * Qid----4 time / day * IM----intramuscular * 5 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
* IV ---- intravenous *Sc---- subcutaneous *ID---- intra dermal *Q ----- every *Qd ----- every day * Qod---- every other day * Qh--- every hour * Q2h ---every 2 hour * Q4h---every 4 hour * Q6h ---- every 6 hour 6 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
7 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
Drug calculation formula Dose on hand Quantity on hand Desired dose Desired quantity M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim 8
Medication Calculation example # Metoprolol 25 Mg PO is ordered . Metoprolol is available as 50 Mg/tablet . How many tablet would the nurse administer ? # Phenytoin 100 mg po is order to be given through a NG tube . Phenytoin is available as 30 mg /5 ml . How would the nurse administer? 9 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
Types of Drug Preparation Tablets Pills Capsule Lozenges powder Syrup Drop Enteric-coated Aqueous suspension Cream Jells or jelly Lotion Ointment Vial ampoule patches Suppositories Caplets 10 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
Route of drug administration 1- Oral --- drug given orally * Sublingual --- drug is place under the tongue Buccal --- means administration the medication between the cheek and gum 2- Parenteral A- ID B- SC C- IM D- IV E- Intraarterial F- Intracardial J- Intraperitoneal H- Intraspinal 11 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
ID (Intra-dermal) *Site of injection (chest , scapula , inner-forearm) *Purpose (allergy test , tuberculin test *Quantity (dose) 0.1 ml = (10 unit from insulin syringe) *Angle of administration ( 10---15) degree NOT ; The patient have allergy is -Redness Rash - -Itching -Swelling -Painful ( 12 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
Intradermal Injections Site 13 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
SC ( Subcutaneous ) * Site of injection ( upper arm, abdomen, thigh , upper back) * Purpose ( used to administration of drug such as (( insulin , heparin , hormones , vaccination)) *Quantity ( dose) 1ml ----2ml *Angle of administration -If use of insulin syringe the angle is (90) -If use of another syringe the angle is ( 45) 14 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
SC Injection Site 15 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
IM( Intra-muscular ( *Site of injection -Back( ventrogluteal muscle) - Arm ( deltoid muscle ) -Thigh( vastus lateralis ) * Quantity ( dose) 2----4 ml *Angle of administration ( 90) 16 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
IM Injection (Buttocks Area) 17 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
IM Injection Site 18 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
IV ( Intra- venous ) *Quantity 5ml------2000ml * Angel Of Administration (25) 19 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
3- Topical *Vaginal administration * Rectal administration * Irrigation *Skin application 4- Pulmonary Respiratory inhalation 21 M.Sc Hassanain Mohammed Kadhim
Thank you 22
