Understanding DNA and DNA Replication: Key Concepts with Visual Aids
Explore essential terms related to DNA and DNA replication, including chromosomes, genes, nucleotides, double helix structure, hydrogen bonds, and more. Discover the process of DNA replication, involving enzymes like DNA polymerase and helicase, and the concept of semi-conservative replication. Reinforce your knowledge with clear definitions and illustrations on each key aspect.
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Presentation Transcript
Unit 5 DNA and DNA Replication Directions: Front of card write term. On back write definition and draw picture
Chromosomes Thread-like structure made of coiled DNA
Gene Segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait
Nucleotide Building block of DNA. Composed of a sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base
Double Helix Twisted, double-stranded structure of DNA molecule. Sugar and phosphate make up the backbone
Hydrogen bond Weak bond that holds the nitrogen bases together. Combines the nucleotides together to complete the double stranded DNA molecule
DNA Structure that codes for all genetic information of an organism. Has the instructions for making proteins and can replicate itself. Made up of nucleotides.
Covalent bond Strong bond that holds the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA together Covalent bond
Nitrogen Bases Make up the rungs or steps the of the DNA ladder. Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, thymine and uracil (RNA).
DNA replication The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division
Semi-conservative During replication, the two copies created contain one of the original strands (old) and one new strand
DNA polymerase Enzyme that builds nucleotides to the split DNA strands in replication. Adds the new strands to complete 2 new daughter DNA strands. Also, checks the replication process for errors.
