Understanding Complex Sentences in English Grammar
Complex sentences consist of an independent clause along with one or more dependent clauses. The independent clause can stand alone, while the dependent clauses rely on the independent clause for meaning. Differentiating between independent and dependent clauses is essential in understanding how complex sentences are structured in English grammar.
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Definition: A sentence that has an independent clause with one or more dependent clauses SOW #14- COMPLEX SENTENCES
Subject Verb Clause (group of words with a subject and a verb) Independent-strong, stands alone Dependent-(subordinate)-weak, needs support TERMS WE LL NEED
A simple sentence has one independent clause and no dependent clauses: The student yawned. SIMPLE SENTENCE
A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses that are usually joined by a coordinating conjunction: Henry got a new job, so he has to move. I have a lot of homework, but I am not going to have time to study tonight. COMPOUND SENTENCE
NOTICE: 1. As she crossed the river, a rumor of sunshine stood behind the clouds. Marcus Zusak, The Book Thief, p. 472 2. If you are interested in stories with happy endings, you would be better off reading some other book. Lemony Snicket, A Series of Unfortunate Events, p. 1 3. I m stuffing myself because I ve never had food like this... Suzanne Collins, The Hunger Games, p. 44 4. When I stepped out into the bright sunlight from the darkness of the movie house, I had just two things on my mind: Paul Newman and a ride home. S.E. Hinton, The Outsiders, p. 1
NOTICE: 1. As she crossed the river, a rumor of sunshine stood behind the clouds. Marcus Zusak, The Book Thief, p. 472 2. If you are interested in stories with happy endings, you would be better off reading some other book. Lemony Snicket, A Series of Unfortunate Events, p. 1 3. I m stuffing myself becauseI ve never had food like this... Suzanne Collins, The Hunger Games, p. 44 4. When I stepped out into the bright sunlight from the darkness of the movie house, I had just two things on my mind: Paul Newman and a ride home. S.E. Hinton, The Outsiders, p. 1
OBSERVE: A complex sentence has an independent clause with one or more dependent clauses (independent clauses are in italics). Note that introductory dependent clauses must be followed by commas: Since we got to the concert late, we had to make our way to our seats in the dark. We left class early so that we could attend a special lecture. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE dependent clause (no comma) We left class early so that we could attend a special lecture. Dependent clause, INDEPENDENT CLAUSE (comma) So that we could attend a special lecture, we left class early.
OBSERVE: compound sentences differ from complex sentences in one important way: In a compound sentence, both clauses have equal importance; in a complex sentence, the independent clause is more important.
IMITATE: *CIRCLE YOUR AAAWWUBIS WORDS 1. Write a complex sentence with the dependent clause first. 2. Write a complex sentence with the independent clause first. 3. Write a complex sentence about summer.
IMITATE: 1. 2. 3.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTg3uXIzuOM THE SAD PLIGHT OF THE ROBOT WHO COULD ONLY SPEAK IN DEPENDENT CLAUSES
KNEE-TO-KNEE: COMBINE AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE WITH A DEPENDENT CLAUSE TO CREATE COMPLEX SENTENCES 1. Face your partner knee-to-knee 2. Take turns going first 3. Initially, the first partner will begin by saying an independent clause; the second partner must finish the sentence with a dependent clause to make a complex sentence. 4. Then, the first partner will begin by saying a dependent clause; the second partner must finish the sentence with an independent clause to make a complex sentence.
COMPLEX SENTENCE PRACTICE #1 Directions: Identify and label the independent and dependent clauses in the following sentences. Mr. Daley was cold so he turned up the heat. Although she teaches Science, Mrs. Caldwell has many other interests and talents. When she was younger, Ms. Colatta discovered her mad math skills. Ms. Hauesser is the new English teacher because Mrs. Frederick is having a baby. Mrs. Christein ate 27 Starburst candies then she ate some cookies. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
COMPLEX SENTENCE PRACTICE #2 Directions: Write an independent or dependent clause to make a complex sentence. 1. Because pancakes are delicious __________________________________________. 2. Mandy sprained her ankle ________________________________________________. 3. Although baby mountain lions are cute ____________________________________. 4. Before you eat that _______________________________________________________. 5. My sweater feels itchy _____________________________________________________.
