Transforming Urban Areas: Smart Mobility Strategies
A STRATEGY FOR SMARTLY MOVING CITIES
BOLOGNA, 24th October 2014
Smart cities Exhibition
Sustainable mobility in urban areas
Innovative technologies and shared mobility: cities change paradigm
1
Agenda
1.
WHAT IS A SMART/ STUPID CITY AFTER ALL?
2.
WHAT IS AT STAKE? THE ITALIAN CASE
3.
THE LEVERS FOR A STRATEGY OF SMART MOBILITY AND THE FLEXIBLE
CONGESTION RIGHTS
4.
THE WAY FORWARD
2
WHAT IS A « STUPID » CITY?
3
WHAT IS A « STUPID » CITY?
The three
laws of cities inefficiency
–
The waste management
30% OF WHAT WE
BUY, CAN NOT BE
CONSUMED
30% OF WHAT COULD
BE CONSUMED, IS
THROWN AWAY
30% OF WHAT IS
THROWN AWAY, IS NOT
RELEASED TO A WDS
30% OF WHAT IS
RELEASED TO WDS, IS
NOT REUSED
4
76%
ENERGY
CONSUMPTION
PROCESS
WHAT IS A « STUPID » CITY?
The three
laws of cities inefficiency
The Housing
HOUSE SPACE PER
PERSON IS TWICE WHAT
USED TO BE…
… HEATING AND LIGHTNING IS
USED FOR HALF OF THE TIME
WHEN HOUSE IS EMPTY..
.. POTENTIAL ENERGY
PRODUCTION WORTHY HALF
OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IS
WASTED
87,5%
5
ENERGY
CONSUMPTION PROCESS
WHAT IS A « STUPID » CITY?
The three
laws of cities inefficieny
–
The mobility
..ARE USED
FOR 20% OF
THEIR
CAPACITY…
… TRAVEL AT AN
AVERAGE SPEED
WHICH IS 20% OF
THEIR POTENTIAL
SPEED..
.. USE A KIND OF ENERGY
WHOSE EFFICIENCY IS 20% OF
THE ONE AT THE FRONTIER..
.. ARE USED 20% OF THEIR
USABLE LIFE
90% of km per
passengers are
used by privately
owned cars which…
6
98,4%
ENERGY
CONSUMPTION PROCESS
SMART CITIES
AS AN INFORMATION BASED, TECHNOLOGY ENABLED PROCESS TO REDUCE
WASTE AND MAKE CITIES MORE ATTRACTIVE THROUGH HIGHER QUALITY
OF LIFE
7
Agenda
1.
WHAT IS A SMART/ STUPID CITY AFTER ALL?
2.
WHAT IS AT STAKE? THE ITALIAN CASE
3.
THE LEVERS FOR A STRATEGY OF SMART MOBILITY AND THE FLEXIBLE
CONGESTION RIGHTS
4.
THE WAY FORWARD
8
9
TOTAL COST PER PERSON..
C
o
s
t
p
e
r
c
i
t
i
z
e
n
,
y
e
a
r
l
y
,
e
u
r
o
,
2
0
0
7
a
n
d
2
0
0
8
Source: Vision & Value on Octotelematics and ACI, Istat, MISE, NYSE
10
… ENERGY BILL…
Source: Vision & Value on Octotelematics data and ACI and MISE
C
o
s
t
p
e
r
c
i
t
i
z
e
n
,
y
e
a
r
l
y
,
e
u
r
o
,
2
0
0
7
a
n
d
2
0
0
8
11
..TIME WASTED..
H
o
u
r
s
s
p
e
n
t
i
n
c
a
r
s
i
n
c
i
t
i
e
s
,
y
e
a
r
l
y
,
2
0
0
7
a
n
d
2
0
0
8
Source: Vision & Value on Octotelematics and ACI data
12
..AND POLLUTION..
C
o
s
t
o
f
C
O
2
e
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
p
e
r
h
a
b
i
t
a
n
t
,
i
n
c
i
t
i
e
s
,
y
e
a
r
l
y
,
2
0
0
7
a
n
d
2
0
0
8
Source: Vision & Value on Octotelematics and ACI data
13
Traffic Cost Model
Source: Vision & Value
Traffic Cost Model
COST PER CAR
NUMBER OF
INHABITANTS
T
I
M
E
C
O
S
T
FUEL COST
Average kms traveled
Average speed
Average kms traveled
CO2 EMISSION COST
Average cost of fuel per liter
Average kms travelled
Average CO2 emissions per km,
differentiated by city
*
*
+
+
*
TOTAL COST
city
year
week
day
time segment
*
*
Average oil consumptions
Average cost per CO2 tonne
Monetary value per hour
*
NUMBER OF CARS
PER INHABITANT
*
*
Performance Levers
*
Agenda
1.
WHAT IS A SMART/ STUPID CITY AFTER ALL?
2.
WHAT IS AT STAKE? THE ITALIAN CASE
3.
THE LEVERS FOR A STRATEGY OF SMART MOBILITY AND THE FLEXIBLE
CONGESTION RIGHTS
4.
THE WAY FORWARD
14
SMART
MOBILITY LEVERS
1.
WHY DO HUMANS USE A 1 +
TON VEHICLE TO MOVE 70 KG OF
HUMAN BEING MEAT AROUND?
2.
WHY VEHICLES MOVE SO
SLOWLY ?
3.
WHY DO HUMANS CONTINUE
TO USE FOSSIL ENERGY TO FEED
THE VEHICLE WHEN THEY COULD
SPEND BETWEEN 90 AND 80 %
LESS BY USING OTHER SOURCES
OF ENERGY?
4.
WHY THEN SUCH VEHICLES
RESULT UNUSED FOR 90% OF
THEIR LIFE?
1.
SMALLER/ FLEXIBLE
CARS/ VEHICLES
2.
ELECTRONIC PARKING/
DRIVELESS CARS
3.
ELECTRIC/ NO FOSSIL
CARS
4.
CARS SHARING/
POOLING
15
MEASUREMENT
AND
INCENTIVES
THE PROBLEM FROM AN
ECONOMIST’2 POINT OF VIEW
INTERNALIZED
COST
EXTERNALITIES
ON OTHER
INDIVIDUALS
EXTERNALITIES
ON FUTURE
GENERATIONS
16
THE “PAY AS YOU CONGEST AND
POLLUTE” PRINCIPLE (1)
BAN
(APPARENTLY MORE EQUITABLE
AND EASIER TO DESIGN)
INCENTIVES
(FLEXIBILITY, RESOURCES FOR
INVESTMENTS)
BEHAVIOR
CHANGING
OPTIONS
17
18
Flexible congestion charge
PRICING
TRIP
(Duration, mode – move or parking -, speed)
PLACE
(zones and distances
from centres – of
congestions, culture,
administration)
CAR
(Dimension, consumption,
footprint)
TIMING
(hour within day, day
within week, month
within year)
COUNTRIES
CITIES
PEOPLE (AND FAMILIES
AND COMMUNITIES)
THE “PAY AS YOU CONGEST AND POLLUTE”
PRINCIPLE (2)
19
Agenda
1.
WHAT IS A SMART/ STUPID CITY AFTER ALL?
2.
WHAT IS AT STAKE? THE ITALIAN CASE
3.
THE LEVERS FOR A STRATEGY OF SMART MOBILITY AND THE FLEXIBLE
CONGESTION RIGHTS
4.
THE WAY FORWARD
20
CRITICAL QUESTIONS FOR CHANGE TO HAPPEN
•
How can we make (different segments of)
citizens to buy change?
•
How can we make industries (car and ICT
makers ) leading part of the transformation?
•
How can we assess benefitis and risks of
something new?
21
THE WAY FORWARD
1.
MEASURE THE
PROBLEM
2.
ENCOURAGE
DIVERSITY
3.
TRY CONGEST AND
POLLUTE PAY
MECHANISMS (FCR)
4.
PUT TOGETHER THE
FOUR QUADS FOR
INNOVATION TO
HAPPEN
POLICY
INDUSTRY
RESEARCH
OPINION
MAKING
22
francesco.grillo@visionandvalue.com
francesco.grillo@oii.ox.ac.uk
WWW.VISIONWEBSITE.EU
WWW.VISIONANDVALUE.COM
23
Explore the concept of smart cities and the inefficiencies that plague urban environments through the lens of waste management, housing energy usage, and mobility patterns. Discover a strategy for implementing smart mobility solutions to enhance quality of life and reduce waste, making cities more attractive and sustainable.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
THE ITALIAN THINKTANK THE ITALIAN THINKTANK A STRATEGY FOR SMARTLY MOVING CITIES BOLOGNA, 24th October 2014 Smart cities Exhibition Sustainable mobility in urban areas Innovative technologies and shared mobility: cities change paradigm www.visionwebsite.eu www.visionandvalue.com 1
Agenda 1. WHAT IS A SMART/ STUPID CITY AFTER ALL? 2. WHAT IS AT STAKE? THE ITALIAN CASE 3. THE LEVERS FOR A STRATEGY OF SMART MOBILITY AND THE FLEXIBLE CONGESTION RIGHTS 4. THE WAY FORWARD 2
WHAT IS A STUPID CITY? The three laws of cities inefficiency The waste management ENERGY 30% OF WHAT WE BUY, CAN NOT BE CONSUMED 76% 30% OF WHAT COULD BE CONSUMED, IS THROWN AWAY 30% OF WHAT IS THROWN AWAY, IS NOT RELEASED TO A WDS 30% OF WHAT IS RELEASED TO WDS, IS NOT REUSED CONSUMPTION PROCESS 4
WHAT IS A STUPID CITY? The three laws of cities inefficiency The Housing ENERGY HOUSE SPACE PER PERSON IS TWICE WHAT USED TO BE HEATING AND LIGHTNING IS USED FOR HALF OF THE TIME WHEN HOUSE IS EMPTY.. 87,5% .. POTENTIAL ENERGY PRODUCTION WORTHY HALF OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IS WASTED CONSUMPTION PROCESS 5
WHAT IS A STUPID CITY? The three laws of cities inefficieny The mobility ENERGY 90% of km per passengers are used by privately owned cars which ..ARE USED FOR 20% OF THEIR CAPACITY TRAVEL AT AN AVERAGE SPEED WHICH IS 20% OF THEIR POTENTIAL SPEED.. 98,4% .. USE A KIND OF ENERGY WHOSE EFFICIENCY IS 20% OF THE ONE AT THE FRONTIER.. .. ARE USED 20% OF THEIR USABLE LIFE CONSUMPTION PROCESS 6
SMART CITIES AS AN INFORMATION BASED, TECHNOLOGY ENABLED PROCESS TO REDUCE WASTE AND MAKE CITIES MORE ATTRACTIVE THROUGH HIGHER QUALITY OF LIFE 7
Agenda 1. WHAT IS A SMART/ STUPID CITY AFTER ALL? 2. WHAT IS AT STAKE? THE ITALIAN CASE 3. THE LEVERS FOR A STRATEGY OF SMART MOBILITY AND THE FLEXIBLE CONGESTION RIGHTS 4. THE WAY FORWARD 8
TOTAL COST PER PERSON.. Cost per citizen, yearly, euro, 2007 and 2008 2.547 2.530 2007 1.449 1.384 1.390 1.415 1.410 1.365 2008 1.211 1.155 1.036 1.033 964 917 843 840 776 764 491 472 bari bologna firenze genova milano napoli palermo roma torino venezia 9 Source: Vision & Value on Octotelematics and ACI, Istat, MISE, NYSE
ENERGY BILL Cost per citizen, yearly, euro, 2007 and 2008 506 467 2007 2008 265 263 243 249 236 229 217 219 201 191 185 177 174 163 147 133 128 114 bari bologna firenze genova milano napoli palermo roma torino venezia 10 Source: Vision & Value on Octotelematics data and ACI and MISE
..TIME WASTED.. Hours spent in cars in cities, yearly, 2007 and 2008 229,82 227,30 2008 2007 139,64 136,34 128,68 120,73 123,40 116,38 110,15 110,63 109,56 105,70 101,18 101,85 100,56 98,22 74,18 72,66 55,89 55,06 bari bologna firenze genova milano napoli palermo roma torino venezia 11 Source: Vision & Value on Octotelematics and ACI data
..AND POLLUTION.. Cost of CO2 emissions per habitant, in cities, yearly, 2007 and 2008 12 Source: Vision & Value on Octotelematics and ACI data
Traffic Cost Model Average kms traveled Traffic Cost Model Average speed * TIME COST Performance Levers * Monetary value per hour + COST PER CAR Average kms traveled * TOTAL COST Average cost of fuel per liter * city year week day FUEL COST * * NUMBER OF CARS PER INHABITANT time segment Average oil consumptions + * Average kms travelled * NUMBER OF INHABITANTS CO2 EMISSION COST Average cost per CO2 tonne * Average CO2 emissions per km, differentiated by city Source: Vision & Value 13
Agenda 1. WHAT IS A SMART/ STUPID CITY AFTER ALL? 2. WHAT IS AT STAKE? THE ITALIAN CASE 3. THE LEVERS FOR A STRATEGY OF SMART MOBILITY AND THE FLEXIBLE CONGESTION RIGHTS 4. THE WAY FORWARD 14
SMART MOBILITY LEVERS 1. SMALLER/ FLEXIBLE CARS/ VEHICLES 1. WHY DO HUMANS USE A 1 + TON VEHICLE TO MOVE 70 KG OF HUMAN BEING MEAT AROUND? 2. ELECTRONIC PARKING/ DRIVELESS CARS 2. WHY VEHICLES MOVE SO SLOWLY ? MEASUREMENT AND INCENTIVES 3. WHY DO HUMANS CONTINUE TO USE FOSSIL ENERGY TO FEED THE VEHICLE WHEN THEY COULD SPEND BETWEEN 90 AND 80 % LESS BY USING OTHER SOURCES OF ENERGY? 3. ELECTRIC/ NO FOSSIL CARS 4. CARS SHARING/ POOLING 4. WHY THEN SUCH VEHICLES RESULT UNUSED FOR 90% OF THEIR LIFE? 15
THE PROBLEM FROM AN ECONOMIST 2 POINT OF VIEW EXTERNALITIES ON OTHER INDIVIDUALS INTERNALIZED COST EXTERNALITIES ON FUTURE GENERATIONS 16
THE PAY AS YOU CONGEST AND POLLUTE PRINCIPLE (1) BAN (APPARENTLY MORE EQUITABLE AND EASIER TO DESIGN) BEHAVIOR CHANGING OPTIONS INCENTIVES (FLEXIBILITY, RESOURCES FOR INVESTMENTS) 17
Flexible congestion charge TRIP (Duration, mode move or parking -, speed) PLACE TIMING (zones and distances from centres of congestions, culture, administration) (hour within day, day within week, month within year) PRICING CAR (Dimension, consumption, footprint) 18
THE PAY AS YOU CONGEST AND POLLUTE PRINCIPLE (2) COUNTRIES CITIES PEOPLE (AND FAMILIES AND COMMUNITIES) 19
Agenda 1. WHAT IS A SMART/ STUPID CITY AFTER ALL? 2. WHAT IS AT STAKE? THE ITALIAN CASE 3. THE LEVERS FOR A STRATEGY OF SMART MOBILITY AND THE FLEXIBLE CONGESTION RIGHTS 4. THE WAY FORWARD 20
CRITICAL QUESTIONS FOR CHANGE TO HAPPEN How can we make (different segments of) citizens to buy change? How can we make industries (car and ICT makers ) leading part of the transformation? How can we assess benefitis and risks of something new? 21
THE WAY FORWARD 1. MEASURE THE PROBLEM 2. ENCOURAGE DIVERSITY 3. TRY CONGEST AND POLLUTE PAY MECHANISMS (FCR) 4. PUT TOGETHER THE FOUR QUADS FOR INNOVATION TO HAPPEN INDUSTRY OPINION MAKING POLICY RESEARCH 22
THE ITALIAN THINKTANK THE ITALIAN THINKTANK francesco.grillo@visionandvalue.com francesco.grillo@oii.ox.ac.uk WWW.VISIONWEBSITE.EU WWW.VISIONANDVALUE.COM 23
