The Significance of Pentecost in Jewish and Christian Traditions
The three annual feasts of the Jews - Passover, Pentecost, and Feast of Tabernacles - held deep religious significance, with Pentecost being the 50th day after Passover. This day was pivotal in history, marking important events for both Jews and Christians. Pentecost was a time of harvest, giving of the law, and ultimately, the birth of the Christian church with the empowerment of the Holy Spirit.
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The Jews Had Three Annual Feasts Passover (a.k.a. The Feast of Unleavened Bread ) Commemorated God s deliverance from Egyptian bondage Pentecost (a.k.a. The Feast of Harvest ) Celebrated the beginning of the harvest The Jews also observed it as the giving of the law at Mt. Sinai Feast of Tabernacles (a.k.a. The Feast of Ingathering ) Commemorated the sojourn in the wilderness These feasts were ordained by the Lord through Moses Ex. 23:14-17; cf. 34:18-23; Deut. 16:16 All Jewish males were to gather in Jerusalem for these occasions (Deut. 16:16-17)
The Day of Pentecost It had various names in the Old Testament The Feast of Weeks (Ex. 34:22; Deut. 16:10) The Feast of Harvest (Ex. 23:16) The Feast of Firstfruits (Ex. 23:16; Lev. 23:17; Num. 28:26) Pentecost was the Greek name given to the feast Pentecost means fiftieth Pentecost always came 50 days after Passover (Lev. 23:15-16) The day of Pentecost was a special day to the Jews All Jewish males were to gather in Jerusalem (Deut. 16:16) They were to make a freewill offering (Deut. 16:10, 16-17; Prov. 3:9) A day of holy convocation with no customary work (Num. 28:26) Special to this day was the wave offering (Lev. 23:15-20)
When the day of Pentecost had fully come Had fully come literally means was being fulfilled. This day of Pentecost was special and intentional. History was finally arriving at a point in time. God made this Pentecost the focal point of history (cf. Gal. 4:4). There were large crowds gathered in Jerusalem for this special day. Pentecost was one of the three annual feasts which Jewish males were required to attend (Deut. 16:16). There were dwelling in Jerusalem Jews, devout men, from every nation under heaven (Acts 2:5). It was the perfect day, time and setting for God to fulfill His grand purpose (cf. Eph. 3:10-11)
When the day of Pentecost had fully come Pentecost was always the first day of the week (Lev. 23:15-16) Sunday took on and sustains a special meaning to Christians Christ was raised from the dead (John 20:1). The Lord established His church in Acts 2. The early Christians always assembled (Acts 20:7). The Lord had specifically and intentionally chosen this day! No longer was the Sabbath a holy day (Col. 2:14-17) Interesting parallels between Jewish Pentecost & Christianity The full harvest of Christ s work as the Lamb of God came about The new law/covenant was given and proclaimed The first in-gathering of the gospel harvest occurred It was a day of joy and gladness
When the day of Pentecost had fully come Peter referred to Pentecost as the beginning (11:15): The promise of the power of the Holy Spirit to the apostles (John 14:26; 15:27; 16:13). The Great Commission becoming effective (Matt. 28:19-20; Mark 16:15-16; Luke 24:47). The new covenant (Heb. 8:6-8; 9:15-17; 10:9; 1:1-2). The preaching of the fullness of the gospel (Acts 2:22-36; 1 Cor. 15:1-4), including the resurrection and deity of Jesus. Salvation through Jesus Christ according to His conditions (Acts 2:36-41; 4:12; 8:12-13; John 3:3-5). The church (Acts 2:41, 47; Matt. 16:18-19; Eph. 1:3-23; 2:13-22; Col. 1:13-14).
Pentecost Was a Day of Great Things A Great Day (2:1) A Great Audience (2:5-11) Great Preachers (2:14, 42) A Great Sermon (2:22-36) A Great Question (2:37) A Great Answer (2:38) A Great Response (2:40-46) A Great Result (2:47)
