The Red Scare and McCarthyism: Cold War Repression in America
Discussion: February 21
st
1.
What is the
What is the
Red Scare.
Red Scare.
Make a
Make a
prediction
prediction
How did the Red
How did the Red
Scare impact government policy?
Scare impact government policy?
2.
THINKER: Based on the Cold War
THINKER: Based on the Cold War
Crises we’ve studied so far (Korea,
Crises we’ve studied so far (Korea,
Taiwan, Cuba, Guatemala), it’s
Taiwan, Cuba, Guatemala), it’s
clear that the fear of the Domino
clear that the fear of the Domino
Theory led to U.S. involvement.
Theory led to U.S. involvement.
Why do you think the U.S. was so
Why do you think the U.S. was so
afraid of communism?
afraid of communism?
Cold War Red Scare
McCarthyism & Witch Hunts
McCarthyism
•
Republican Senator from WI, served
1947-1957
•
McCarthyism:
the practice of
making unfair allegations or using
unfair investigative techniques, in
order to restrict dissent or political
criticism.
•
Led to the
Second Red Scare
(1950-
1956): characterized by heightened
political repression against
communists, as well as a fear
campaign and “witch hunt”
McCarthyism
•
Supported by the FBI under J.
Edgar Hoover
•
Targets were government
employees, the entertainment
industry, educators & union
activists
•
Based off of suspicion – lack
of evidence led to aggressive
investigations/questioning
House of Un-American Activities
Committee (HUAC)
•
Formed in 1938
•
Focused on the
investigation of accused
communists or
“comsymps”
•
In 1947, HUAC led the
investigations on the
“Hollywood 10”
The Hollywood 10
•
Group of 10 Hollywood writers,
directors, actors investigated by
HUAC for involvement in the
Communist party
•
On trial, pleaded the 5
th
Amendment, but were charged
with contempt of Congress
•
All were blacklisted
•
In total, 158 people were
blacklisted from the film
industry
Other Anti-Communist Policies
McCarran Act: 1950
•
Required
members of
the
Communist
party to
register with
the Attorney
General, and
the party had
to provide
lists of their
members.
Loyalty Program: 1947
•
Required
members of
the
government
to take an
oath of loyalty
•
Investigated
over 3 million
government
employees &
300 were
dismissed as
security risks
Julius & Ethel Rosenberg
•
Accused of being spies for
the Soviet Union and
releasing information
about the atomic bomb
•
Found guilty of conspiring
to commit espionage
•
Executed June 19, 1953
•
https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=9_hT32LAZvg
End of McCarthyism
•
Army-McCarthy Trials
•
April 1954 - June 1954
•
McCarthy accused
members of the military as
communist
•
First televised court trial
•
Showed his radicalism, led
to a decline in popularity
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iFHhqlfy
pOo
Spies in the Cold War
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjcaR9lGr
2Y#aid=P-u6cti2ZNI
The Red Scare and McCarthyism were periods of intense anti-communist hysteria in the United States during the Cold War. The fear of communism led to government policies that restricted dissent, fueled by figures like Senator Joseph McCarthy who made unfair allegations and targeted various groups. The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) investigated alleged communists and sympathizers, leading to the blacklisting of many in Hollywood. These events marked a dark chapter in American history characterized by political repression and fear campaigns.
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Presentation Transcript
Discussion: February 21st 1. What is the Red Scare. Make a prediction How did the Red Scare impact government policy? 2. THINKER: Based on the Cold War Crises we ve studied so far (Korea, Taiwan, Cuba, Guatemala), it s clear that the fear of the Domino Theory led to U.S. involvement. Why do you think the U.S. was so afraid of communism?
Cold War Red Scare McCarthyism & Witch Hunts
McCarthyism Republican Senator from WI, served 1947-1957 McCarthyism: the practice of making unfair allegations or using unfair investigative techniques, in order to restrict dissent or political criticism. Led to the Second Red Scare (1950- 1956): characterized by heightened political repression against communists, as well as a fear campaign and witch hunt File:Joseph McCarthy.jpg
McCarthyism Supported by the FBI under J. Edgar Hoover Targets were government employees, the entertainment industry, educators & union activists Based off of suspicion lack of evidence led to aggressive investigations/questioning File:Hoover-JEdgar-LOC.jpg
House of Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) Formed in 1938 Focused on the investigation of accused communists or comsymps In 1947, HUAC led the investigations on the Hollywood 10
The Hollywood 10 Group of 10 Hollywood writers, directors, actors investigated by HUAC for involvement in the Communist party On trial, pleaded the 5th Amendment, but were charged with contempt of Congress All were blacklisted In total, 158 people were blacklisted from the film industry File:Hollywood10.jpg
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRkHTCJDQsbG6hZy2b3gOKMKizakBGn41wB1128V01JghpMiln8mQ:hrmediaarchive.estuarypress.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/18LA-Ban-HUAC-5620201.jpghttp://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRkHTCJDQsbG6hZy2b3gOKMKizakBGn41wB1128V01JghpMiln8mQ:hrmediaarchive.estuarypress.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/18LA-Ban-HUAC-5620201.jpg
Other Anti-Communist Policies McCarran Act: 1950 Required members of the Communist party to register with the Attorney General, and the party had to provide lists of their members. Loyalty Program: 1947 Required members of the government to take an oath of loyalty Investigated over 3 million government employees & 300 were dismissed as security risks
Julius & Ethel Rosenberg Accused of being spies for the Soviet Union and releasing information about the atomic bomb Found guilty of conspiring to commit espionage Executed June 19, 1953 https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=9_hT32LAZvg File:Julius and Ethel Rosenberg NYWTS.jpg
End of McCarthyism Army-McCarthy Trials April 1954 - June 1954 McCarthy accused members of the military as communist First televised court trial Showed his radicalism, led to a decline in popularity
Spies in the Cold War http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjcaR9lGr 2Y#aid=P-u6cti2ZNI
