The Path to Victory: American Revolution in the South
The Path to Victory
AFTER 3 years of fighting, the British decided
to move the war SOUTH
December 1778 – British capture Savannah
and then conquer most of Georgia
Battle of Charles Town – British General Henry
Clinton trapped Americans and they
surrendered – worst defeat
American General Horatio Gates met
BritishGeneral Lord Cornwallis August 1780
Americans half-starved, panicked & fled
They left Baron De Kalb and his soldiers
behind - DeKalb died
American spirits hit a low
British still not gain control of SOUTH
Countryside filled with hostel rebel
sympathizers
“Swamp Fox” – famous guerilla leader Francis
Marion – led cunning attacks for this base in
the swamps
Washington puts General Greene in charge of
American army after Gen Horatio Gates defeat
Jan 1781 wins a battle against Lord
Cornwallis at Cowpens, South Carolina
March 1781 wins against Lord Cornwallis in
Battle of Guilford
BRITISH FINALLY ADMIT THEIR SOUTHERN
STRATEGY HAD FAILED
Cornwallis marched to Yorktown, Virginia to
await supplied by ship from NY
Washington joined with French General Jean
Rochambeau and marched south from NY
French ship from West Indies blocked the
Chesapeake Bay – preventing supplied to
Yorktown
BATTLE OF YORKTOWN had begun
British try to protect self with redoubts (small
forts) encircling town
But when Americans captured redoubts, they
able to move closer to British
October 9, 1781 Cornwallis surrendered!
British Prime Minister Lord North gasped –
“It’s all over!!”
AMERICAN STRENGHTS
BRITISH WEAKNESSES
MOTIVATION – fought
for lives, property,
ideals
POPULAR SUPPORT –
many civilians
supported revolution
LEADERSHIP – inspired
loyalty and patriotism
FOREIGN ALLIES –
French, Spanish &
Dutch
MOTIVATION – fought
for pay
POPULAR SUPPORT –
no widespread support
in Britain
LEADERSHIP – over-
confident, disunited
FOREIGN ALLIES –
None. Many turned
against GB
AMERICAN STRENGTHS
BRITISH WEAKNESSES
COMMUNICATION &
SUPPLIES – fought close
to home; made sure
British not live off land
TROOP STRENGTH –
fewer troops, but local
militia helped.
250,000 fought for
Patriot cause
COMMUNICATION &
SUPPLIES – orders from
London took months;
had to transport over
3000 miles
TROOP STRENGTH –
54,000 British troops
George Washington wrote farewell letter to
his armies –
“ (the armies endurance) through almost
every possible suffering and discouragement
for the space of eight long years, was little
short of a standing miracle.”
The American Revolution in the South saw pivotal battles including the British capture of Savannah, American defeats at Charles Town and Camden, guerrilla warfare led by Francis Marion, and the turning point at Yorktown where Cornwallis surrendered in 1781, marking the end of British efforts in the Southern strategy.
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Presentation Transcript
The Path to Victory The Path to Victory
AFTER 3 years of fighting, the British decided to move the war SOUTH December 1778 British capture Savannah and then conquer most of Georgia Battle of Charles Town British General Henry Clinton trapped Americans and they surrendered worst defeat
American General Horatio Gates met BritishGeneral Lord Cornwallis August 1780 Americans half-starved, panicked & fled They left Baron De Kalb and his soldiers behind - DeKalb died American spirits hit a low
British still not gain control of SOUTH Countryside filled with hostel rebel sympathizers Swamp Fox famous guerilla leader Francis Marion led cunning attacks for this base in the swamps
Washington puts General Greene in charge of American army after Gen Horatio Gates defeat Jan 1781 wins a battle against Lord Cornwallis at Cowpens, South Carolina March 1781 wins against Lord Cornwallis in Battle of Guilford BRITISH FINALLY ADMIT THEIR SOUTHERN STRATEGY HAD FAILED
Cornwallis marched to Yorktown, Virginia to await supplied by ship from NY Washington joined with French General Jean Rochambeau and marched south from NY French ship from West Indies blocked the Chesapeake Bay preventing supplied to Yorktown BATTLE OF YORKTOWN had begun
British try to protect self with redoubts (small forts) encircling town But when Americans captured redoubts, they able to move closer to British October 9, 1781 Cornwallis surrendered! British Prime Minister Lord North gasped It s all over!!
MOTIVATION fought for lives, property, ideals POPULAR SUPPORT many civilians supported revolution LEADERSHIP inspired loyalty and patriotism FOREIGN ALLIES French, Spanish & Dutch MOTIVATION fought for pay POPULAR SUPPORT no widespread support in Britain LEADERSHIP over- confident, disunited FOREIGN ALLIES None. Many turned against GB AMERICAN STRENGHTS BRITISH WEAKNESSES
COMMUNICATION & SUPPLIES fought close to home; made sure British not live off land TROOP STRENGTH fewer troops, but local militia helped. 250,000 fought for Patriot cause COMMUNICATION & SUPPLIES orders from London took months; had to transport over 3000 miles TROOP STRENGTH 54,000 British troops AMERICAN STRENGTHS BRITISH WEAKNESSES
George Washington wrote farewell letter to his armies (the armies endurance) through almost every possible suffering and discouragement for the space of eight long years, was little short of a standing miracle.
