The Industrial Revolution: Inventions, Enclosure Movement, and Spread of Industrialization
The Industrial Revolution brought significant advancements such as inventions like the steam engine and puddling, the Enclosure Movement leading to changes in land ownership and farming practices, and the spread of industrialization to Europe and North America. These developments transformed transportation, agriculture, and labor supply, marking a key period in history that influenced economic and societal changes.
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Chapter 10 Industrialization and Nationalism Lesson 1 The Industrial Revolution
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Inventions of the Industrial Revolution Puddling o Produced bar iron without hammering o Faster production and better quality Steam engine o Transformed transportation and agriculture o With James Watt s improvements, enabled to drive machinery Puddling o Produced bar iron without hammering o Faster production and better quality Steam engine o Transformed transportation and agriculture o With James Watt s improvements, enabled to drive machinery
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Enclosure Movement of the 1700s Enclosure laws allowed landowners to fence off land formerly used as common pasture. The map on the left shows a British farming area in 1700; the shaded areas are common pastures. The map on the right shows the same area in 1800, with the common pastures eliminated by fences. Enclosure laws allowed landowners to fence off land formerly used as common pasture. The map on the left shows a British farming area in 1700; the shaded areas are common pastures. The map on the right shows the same area in 1800, with the common pastures eliminated by fences. Capture.PNG left
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Spread of Industrialization to Europe and North America Spread first to countries whose governments were ready for it: Belgium, France, Germany Spread in America once population moved to cities from farms Railway system was key factor in both Europe and United States Spread first to countries whose governments were ready for it: Belgium, France, Germany Spread in America once population moved to cities from farms Railway system was key factor in both Europe and United States
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Enclosure Movement of the 1700s Effects of enclosure laws: Landowners fence in common lands. Peasants move to towns to find work. Factories benefit from new labor supply. Remaining farms are larger, with increased crop yields. Effects of enclosure laws: Landowners fence in common lands. Peasants move to towns to find work. Factories benefit from new labor supply. Remaining farms are larger, with increased crop yields. left
Chapter 10 Lesson 2 Nationalism and Political Revolutions
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Impact of French Revolution of 1848 on Germany Demand for change led German rulers to promise reforms. Frankfurt Assembly failed to unify Germany. Demonstrations broke out in Austria. Revolutionaries demanded independence for Hungary and Bohemia. Demand for change led German rulers to promise reforms. Frankfurt Assembly failed to unify Germany. Demonstrations broke out in Austria. Revolutionaries demanded independence for Hungary and Bohemia.
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Revolutions in Central Europe Within the Austrian Empire, the German-speaking Hapsburgs ruled a wide variety of nationalities. In 1848, demonstrations erupted in major cities. After making some concessions to the revolutionaries, the Austrian government moved to reassert its control. By 1849, the revolutions had been defeated. Within the Austrian Empire, the German- speaking Hapsburgs ruled a wide variety of nationalities. In 1848, demonstrations erupted in major cities. After making some concessions to the revolutionaries, the Austrian government moved to reassert its control. By 1849, the revolutions had been defeated.
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Changes in Great Britain After 1848 Why didn t the revolutions in Europe affect Great Britain? Gave vote to industrial middle class Made social and political reforms Enjoyed economic prosperity Developed strong sense of nationalism Why didn t the revolutions in Europe affect Great Britain? Gave vote to industrial middle class Made social and political reforms Enjoyed economic prosperity Developed strong sense of nationalism
Chapter 10 Lesson 3 Nationalism, Unification, and Reform
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Changes in France After 1848 Restoration of monarchy (Second Empire) under Napoleon III Brief period of prosperity Construction of roads, railroads, harbors, and canals Rebuilding of Paris Fall of Second Empire in 1870 Restoration of monarchy (Second Empire) under Napoleon III Brief period of prosperity Construction of roads, railroads, harbors, and canals Rebuilding of Paris Fall of Second Empire in 1870
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Changes in Austria and Russia After 1848 Austria: Austria: Austria was defeated by Prussia in 1866. Compromise of 1867 created dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. Austria was defeated by Prussia in 1866. Compromise of 1867 created dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. Russia: Russia: Alexander II attempted reforms. Serfs were freed but impoverished. Impatient reformers assassinated Alexander II. Alexander II attempted reforms. Serfs were freed but impoverished. Impatient reformers assassinated Alexander II.
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Famine and Immigration Famine and poverty caused many people in Europe to move to different countries in search of a better life. A potato famine in Ireland killed a million people and caused a million more to emigrate to the United States. Other Europeans emigrated to large cities in other countries, believing that industrialization brought new economic opportunities. Famine and poverty caused many people in Europe to move to different countries in search of a better life. A potato famine in Ireland killed a million people and caused a million more to emigrate to the United States. Other Europeans emigrated to large cities in other countries, believing that industrialization brought new economic opportunities.
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png The Crimean War Capture.PNG
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Reporting from the Battlefield The Crimean War (1853 1856) was the first time news reporters and photographers went directly to the battlefield to get up-to-date information. Just a few years later, during the U.S. Civil War (1861 1865), more than 150 war correspondents were reporting from the battlefield. The Crimean War (1853 1856) was the first time news reporters and photographers went directly to the battlefield to get up-to-date information. Just a few years later, during the U.S. Civil War (1861 1865), more than 150 war correspondents were reporting from the battlefield.
Chapter 10 Lesson 4 Nation Building in Latin America
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Socioeconomic Inequality in Latin America In what ways was society not equitable in Latin American countries after their independence? In what ways was society not equitable in Latin American countries after their independence? Land was still the basis of wealth, social prestige, and political power. Most citizens owned no land and therefore could not grow basic food crops. Poverty was widespread, while an elite class of landowners lived well. Land was still the basis of wealth, social prestige, and political power. Most citizens owned no land and therefore could not grow basic food crops. Poverty was widespread, while an elite class of landowners lived well.
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png The Monroe Doctrine What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine? What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine? Developed by the United States to establish U.S. protection over the Western Hemisphere Emerged out of a distrust of Britain's assertions of dominance in parts of North and South America Proclaimed that attempts by Europeans to colonize Latin America could be considered acts of aggression against the United States Successful in discouraging European intervention in Americas Developed by the United States to establish U.S. protection over the Western Hemisphere Emerged out of a distrust of Britain's assertions of dominance in parts of North and South America Proclaimed that attempts by Europeans to colonize Latin America could be considered acts of aggression against the United States Successful in discouraging European intervention in Americas
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png The Revolutionary Spirit Comes to Latin America The creoles who formed most of the upper class in Latin America became tired of European countries draining wealth from Latin American colonies. The success of the American Revolution gave the creole elites hope that they too could defeat their European colonizers. Colony after colony denounced monarchy and declared independence. The creoles who formed most of the upper class in Latin America became tired of European countries draining wealth from Latin American colonies. The success of the American Revolution gave the creole elites hope that they too could defeat their European colonizers. Colony after colony denounced monarchy and declared independence.
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Haitian Independence About 100,000 enslaved persons revolted in western Hispaniola in 1803. Toussaint-Louverture, a former enslaved person, led the revolt to end slavery in the area. In 1804 Haiti became the first independent state in Latin America. About 100,000 enslaved persons revolted in western Hispaniola in 1803. Toussaint-Louverture, a former enslaved person, led the revolt to end slavery in the area. In 1804 Haiti became the first independent state in Latin America.
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png The Road to Mexican Independence Parish priest Miguel Hidalgo led revolt against Spain in 1810. Hidalgo had studied the French Revolution and wanted Mexico s native peoples to be free of Spanish control. Hidalgo s army of mestizos and Native Americans was poorly trained. Revolt was crushed and Hidalgo was put to death. Revolution was carried on by others, and Mexico declared independence from Spain in 1821. Parish priest Miguel Hidalgo led revolt against Spain in 1810. Hidalgo had studied the French Revolution and wanted Mexico s native peoples to be free of Spanish control. Hidalgo s army of mestizos and Native Americans was poorly trained. Revolt was crushed and Hidalgo was put to death. Revolution was carried on by others, and Mexico declared independence from Spain in 1821.
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Contrasting Leadership Styles: Santa Anna and Ju rez Leader Antonio L pez de Santa Anna 1833 1855 Benito Ju rez Years in Power 1855 1876 Leadership Style Caudillo; ruled by military force Reformer; became a national hero Actions While in Office Misused funds, halted reforms, created chaos Implemented religious tolerance, separation of church and state, education for all, redistribution of land to poor
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png South American Liberation How did Jos de San Mart n of Argentina and Sim n Bol var of Venezuela earn the name Liberators of South America ? How did Jos de San Mart n of Argentina and Sim n Bol var of Venezuela earn the name Liberators of South America ? Believed South America should be liberated from Spanish rule Both led revolutions across the continent Within 14 years, liberated Peru, Uruguay, Paraguay, Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile Believed South America should be liberated from Spanish rule Both led revolutions across the continent Within 14 years, liberated Peru, Uruguay, Paraguay, Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile left
South American Liberation Challenges Accompanying Latin American Independence Challenges Accompanying Latin American Independence Wars for independence resulted in many deaths and heavy losses of livestock and other property Border disputes caused wars between newly independent countries. Lack of adequate roads, transportation, and communication Jungles and mountains created barriers to national unity and communication. Wars for independence resulted in many deaths and heavy losses of livestock and other property Border disputes caused wars between newly independent countries. Lack of adequate roads, transportation, and communication Jungles and mountains created barriers to national unity and communication. left
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Civil War in the United States What were the effects of the Civil War on the United States? What were the effects of the Civil War on the United States? There was much bloodshed. Enslaved persons were declared forever free. Confederate forces surrendered. United States remained united. Spirit of nationalism developed, in support of one nation, indivisible. There was much bloodshed. Enslaved persons were declared forever free. Confederate forces surrendered. United States remained united. Spirit of nationalism developed, in support of one nation, indivisible.
Chapter 10 Lesson 5 Romanticism and Realism
Romanticism in Art Romanticism in Art What were chief features of art during the romantic period? Reflected artists' emotions and world visions Often depicted exotic subjects or the past, especially the Middle Ages left
Music in the Romantic Period Music in the Romantic Period How did Beethoven embody the romantic trends in music in the early nineteenth century? Saw himself as an artist, not a craftsman Created melodies that were dramatic and intense Put his emotions into his music so that audiences could experience the same feelings left left
Romanticism's Effect on Literature Romanticism's Effect on Literature What did literature stress in the romantic period? Emotion and imagination over reason Importance of individualism Misunderstood or rejected characters Preference for nature over machines left
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Early Socialist Utopia Capture.PNG Proposed design for Robert Ower's utopian community at New Harmony, Indiana Proposed design for Robert Ower's utopian community at New Harmony, Indiana left
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Early Socialist Utopia Capture.PNG Krupp factory in Essen, Germany Krupp factory in Essen, Germany left left
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Early Socialist Utopia What ideals were the early socialists striving for? What ideals were the early socialists striving for? Wealth could be distributed evenly if government controlled factory production. Everyone s basic needs food, shelter, clothing would be met. Workers would be fulfilled by using their skills. Wealth could be distributed evenly if government controlled factory production. Everyone s basic needs food, shelter, clothing would be met. Workers would be fulfilled by using their skills. left
Realism in Art Realism in Art What was important to realist artists? To show everyday life To portray ordinary people To capture the way things actually look To find "natural beauty" in common things left
Realism in Literature Realism in Literature How did realist writers inspire social reform? Their writings examined social issues. They expressed their views through their characters. They criticized governments and traditions. left
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Wordsworth on Nature Wordsworth on Nature Wordsworth on Nature Knowing that Nature never did betray The heart that loved her; 'tis her privilege, Through all the years of this our life, to lead From joy to joy: for she can so inform The mind that is within us, so impress With quietness and beauty, and so feed With lofty thoughts . . . William Wordsworth What features of romanticism do these lines by Wordsworth reveal? Importance of relationship with Nature Importance of feeling Knowing that Nature never did betray The heart that loved her; 'tis her privilege, Through all the years of this our life, to lead From joy to joy: for she can so inform The mind that is within us, so impress With quietness and beauty, and so feed With lofty thoughts . . . William Wordsworth What features of romanticism do these lines by Wordsworth reveal? Importance of relationship with Nature Importance of feeling left
C:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.pngC:\Users\rakesh.jawale\Desktop\HSGEO15_TC_C07_L1_ls04\Image.png Edgar Allen Poe on Dreams Edgar Allen Poe on Dreams All that we see or seem Is but a dream within a dream. Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allen Poe on Dreams All that we see or seem Is but a dream within a dream. Edgar Allan Poe How did romantics view dreams? Dreams are important and should be explored. Dreams can help you understand yourself. How did romantics view dreams? Dreams are important and should be explored. Dreams can help you understand yourself. left
