The Importance of Clean Water: Insights from Europe

Explore the significance of clean water through the lens of various European countries like Germany, Scotland, and Estonia. Delve into the origins of clean water sources, the European Water Charter's principles, and the essential treatment processes involved. Gain insights into the key points of the European Water Charter and the diverse methods used in different countries to ensure access to safe and clean drinking water.

• Clean water
• European Water Charter
• Water sources
• Water treatment
• Environmental protection

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1. Comenius Project 2012-2014

2. The Importance of Clean Water Kaisa Teele Oja, Katie Grierson, Fae Treadaway, Christian H ffner, Mirco B rner Roy Burkhart

3. European Water Charter European Council, Strasbourg 6 May 1968 Principles: - Precaution and preventive action, - Reduction of damage, - polluter pays , - Education and cooperation

4. European Water Charter Keypoints of the Charter: Essential for life Not an infinite resource Dependence on purified water Suitability Has to be reusable Adequate plant cover Inventory of water resources Correct administration of water Scientific investigation, special training, public training Common heritage National water resources International cooperation

5. Origin of Clean Water Germany Mainly Groundwater (64%) Lakes and Rivers Water has to be demineralised, filtered and desinfected in a Water treatment plant

6. Origin of Clean Water Scotland Essentially, all of our water in Scotland comes from rain. When it does rain, two things can happen The water can flow into streams, rivers, lochs and reservoirs and then be classified as surface water. Or the water can also seep through the ground and form underground pools, this water is very pure as many of the pollutants are filtered out during the seeping process. = Most people receive surface water yet some are supplied with underground pools.

7. Origin of Clean Water Estonia Mainly groundwater 40% comes from the uplands Protection areas Purification centres filtrate and aerate the water (remove S, Fe) File: lemiste.JPG http://kultuuri.net/visit/comeniusregio/files/2010/12/veepuhastusjaam-300x194.jpg

8. Treatment Process 1. Screening 2. Aeration (to supply with air) 3. Clarification 4. Filteration 5. Disinfectant 6. pH Adjustment

9. Water Prices Country: Germany Scotland Estonia Incoming water (1m ) 2,94 0 0,696 Outgoing water (1m ) 3,20 Council tax 1,2 (normal) Total (1m ) 6,14 Percentage of the council tax 1,896 File:Water pipes - geograph.org.uk - 833745.jpg

10. Water Crisis Problems since the turn of the millenium Water is used wastefully and it is managed inefficiently Result: Healthcare costs a lot of money Slow economic process Ecological problems

11. !!! People living without clean drinking water. (in millions)

12. Water Crisis Examples: In Spain, people use a lot of water for watering the fields. They pump it out of the ground illegally. If we continue the same way, then by the year 2025 about 2 billion people will live without access to clean, drinkable water.

13. Water Crisis Solutions: Educate to change consumption and lifestyles Invent new water conservation technologies Recycle wastewater Improve irrigation and agricultural practices Appropriately price water Develop energy efficient desalinationplants Improve water catchment and harvesting Look to community-based governance and partnerships Shrink corporate water footprints

14. Resources: http://www.envir.ee/627 http://www2.tartuvesi.ee/ http://liveearth.org/en/save/water http://europa.eu/about-eu/basic-information/symbols/flag/index_en.htm http://newmexicoindependent.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/water-drop-image.jpg http://www.euwb.eu/EUflag.jpg/image http://www.scotland-welcomes-you.com/images/89335_loch_katrine.jpg http://kultuuri.net/visit/comeniusregio/2010/12/15/oppekaik-tallinna-veetootlusjaama-2/?lang=et http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%C3%9Clemiste.JPG http://www.globalenvision.org/files/343342966_d32322dd2a_b.jpg http://www.seamilano.eu/en/environment/environment-and-territory/water/the-european-water-charter http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycleestonian.html#gwstorage http://liveearth.org/img/fpo/water-footprint.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Water_pipes_-_geograph.org.uk_-_833745.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Water_pump.jpg http://web.hszg.de/~bgriebel/pruf10bild.JPG http://www.scottishwater.co.uk/you-and-your-home/water-quality/where-does-water-come-from <a href='http://de.123rf.com/photo_8527803_our-planet-earth-is-in-a-blue-spray-of-clean-water.html'>nexusplexus/ 123RF Stock Foto</a> http://www.circleofblue.org/waternews/2010/world/experts-name-the-top-19-solutions-to-the-global-freshwater-crisis/ http://web1.beverlyhg-h.schools.nsw.edu.au/Faculty/Science/MCINERNEY/year%207/being%20a%20scientist/being%20a%20scientist.htm http://www.planet-wissen.de/laender_leute/mittelgebirge/schwaebische_alb/img/tempx_alb_blautopf_g.jpg http://www.planet-wissen.de/natur_technik/wasser/wasserversorgung/trinkwasser.jsp