The Historical Roots of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict
SEPARATED AT
BIRTH:
THE ROOTS OF THE CURRENT
CONFLICT & WHY RUSSIA AND
UKRAINE ARE DIFFERENT
The formative twin
crises of 1993-94
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA
The Ukrainian resolution
∙
Early elections for president and parliament
∙
First peaceful transfer of power
∙
Precedent for competitive elections and orderly
transitions
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA
The Russian resolution
∙
Shelling of parliament
∙
Set precedent for executive-heavy
system & resolution of political
conflicts by force
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA
Resonance in Ukraine
∙
Competitive elections
∙
Oligarchic pluralism
∙
Vibrant civil society
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY
Resonance in Russia
∙
Non-competitive elections
∙
Suppression of civil society
∙
Monolithic oligarchy
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA-NC
Ukraine’s three post-
Soviet revolutions
∙
1994: First peaceful transfer of power in ex-
USSR
∙
2004 Orange Revolution: Established
‘oligarchic pluralism’
∙
2014 Revolution of Dignity: Real pluralism &
path to Europe
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY
Who has ruled
Ukraine?
∙
K
y
i
v
a
n
R
u
s
:
8
7
9
-
1
2
4
0
∙
G
r
a
n
d
D
u
c
h
y
o
f
L
i
t
h
u
a
n
i
a
:
1
2
4
0
-
1
5
6
9
(
3
2
9
y
e
a
r
s
)
∙
P
o
l
i
s
h
-
L
i
t
h
u
a
n
i
a
n
C
o
m
m
o
n
w
e
a
l
t
h
:
1
5
6
9
-
1
7
9
5
(
2
2
6
y
e
a
r
s
)
∙
R
u
s
s
i
a
n
E
m
p
i
r
e
:
1
7
9
5
-
1
9
1
8
(
1
2
3
y
e
a
r
s
)
∙
R
e
p
u
b
l
i
c
o
f
U
k
r
a
i
n
e
:
1
9
1
8
-
2
2
(
4
y
e
a
r
s
)
∙
S
o
v
i
e
t
U
n
i
o
n
:
1
9
2
2
-
9
1
(
6
9
y
e
a
r
s
)
∙
U
k
r
a
i
n
e
:
1
9
9
1
-
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
(
3
1
y
e
a
r
s
)
∙
P
o
l
a
n
d
-
L
i
t
h
u
a
n
i
a
:
5
5
5
y
e
a
r
s
∙
R
u
s
s
i
a
n
E
m
p
i
r
e
/
S
o
v
i
e
t
U
n
i
o
n
:
1
9
1
y
e
a
r
s
∙
I
n
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
:
3
4
y
e
a
r
s
∙
R
u
l
e
d
f
r
o
m
M
o
s
c
o
w
:
1
9
2
y
e
a
r
s
∙
N
o
t
r
u
l
e
d
b
y
M
o
s
c
o
w
:
5
9
0
y
e
a
r
s
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA-NC
Polish-
Lithuanian
Commonwealth
This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA
Exploring the historical events from the formative twin crises in 1993-94 to the Ukrainian and Russian resolutions, this analysis compares Ukraine's democratic progress with Russia's autocratic tendencies. The post-Soviet revolutions in Ukraine and the long history of ruling powers in the region shed light on the complexities underlying the current conflict.
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Presentation Transcript
SEPARATED AT BIRTH: THE ROOTS OF THE CURRENT CONFLICT & WHY RUSSIA AND UKRAINE ARE DIFFERENT
The formative twin crises of 1993-94
The Ukrainian resolution Early elections for president and parliament First peaceful transfer of power Precedent for competitive elections and orderly transitions
The Russian resolution Shelling of parliament Set precedent for executive-heavy system & resolution of political conflicts by force This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Resonance in Ukraine Competitive elections Oligarchic pluralism Vibrant civil society This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
Resonance in Russia Non-competitive elections Suppression of civil society Monolithic oligarchy This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
Ukraines three post- Soviet revolutions 1994: First peaceful transfer of power in ex- USSR 2004 Orange Revolution: Established oligarchic pluralism 2014 Revolution of Dignity: Real pluralism & path to Europe This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
Who has ruled Ukraine? Kyivan Rus: 879-1240 Grand Duchy of Lithuania: 1240-1569 (329 years) Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: 1569-1795 (226 years) Russian Empire: 1795-1918 (123 years) Republic of Ukraine: 1918-22 (4 years) Soviet Union: 1922-91 (69 years) Ukraine: 1991-present (31 years) Poland-Lithuania: 555 years Russian Empire/Soviet Union: 191 years Independent: 34 years Ruled from Moscow: 192 years Not ruled by Moscow: 590 years This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
