The Evolution of English Parliament under Tudor and Stuart Rule
The Tudor dynasty, starting with Henry VII, laid the foundation for parliamentary power by involving Parliament in decision-making processes. Henry VIII sought Parliament's approval for the Act of Supremacy, making the monarch head of the Church of England. Elizabeth I further unified the Church by passing the Act of Uniformity. The Stuart dynasty, following the Tudor era, faced tensions with Parliament over taxation and religious matters, with James I asserting divine right. King James also established the Jamestown colony in Virginia in 1607, marking the early expansion of English influence in North America.
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Chapter 17 Lesson 2 Notes Chapter 17 Lesson 2 Notes The Triumph of The Triumph of Parliament from T Rule to Rule to Stuart Stuart Rule During the Age of During the Age of Absolutism England s England s Parliament from Tudor Rule Absolutism udor The Thames River The Thames River
The The Tudor Tudor dynasty rules England dynasty rules England (1485 (1485 - -1603) [begins with King 1603) [begins with King Henry VII who ends civil war, the Henry VII who ends civil war, the Wars of the Roses] Wars of the Roses] Henry VIII Henry VIII rules by divine but asks but asks Parliament to pass: Act of Supremacy Supremacy, making monarch head of Church of England permission to levy new permission to levy new taxes once the king asks for once the king asks for Parliament s approval Parliament s approval divine right right Go to fullsize image taxes
Virgin Queen Elizabeth I tactfully asks Parliament to tactfully asks Parliament to pass: pass: Act of Act of Supremacy Supremacy again Act of Act of Uniformity Uniformity: Church of England becomes a of England becomes a uniform uniform church for moderate church for moderate Catholics and Protestants Catholics and Protestants alike and to be called the alike and to be called the Anglican Anglican Church Church Elizabeth I Go to fullsize image again : Church
The The Stuart Stuart dynasty ( follows Tudor rule in England, follows Tudor rule in England, causing a Century Century of of Revolution Revolution James I James I as 1st Stuart king claiming divine right power collects taxes angering Parliament rejects calls for change by Puritans Puritans in their Anglican Church authorizes new English translation of Bible (1611) called the King Version Version dynasty (Scotland) Scotland) taxes on his own, Go to fullsize image Anglican King James James
establishes 1 establishes 1st settlement, settlement, Jamestown colony of colony of Virginia Virginia ( (1607 st N. American N. American Jamestown, in 1607) ) , in
King King Charles I Charles I follows Stuart father, James I Stuart father, James I Parliament forces king Parliament forces king sign the sign the Petition king cannot raise taxes king cannot raise taxes without consent of without consent of Parliament Parliament cannot imprison anyone cannot imprison anyone without without due law law Scotland Scotland threatens to invade England, forcing invade England, forcing the king to ask the king to ask Parliament for money Parliament for money to raise an army to raise an army follows Petition of of Right Right: : due process process of of threatens to
the the Long Long Parliament refuses the Parliament refuses the king s demands king s demands the English the English Civil Civil War breaks out (1642 (1642 1649) 1649) supporters of King Charles I, called supporters of King Charles I, called Cavaliers Cavaliers ( (Royalists or Loyalists Royalists or Loyalists) ), fight against the against the Roundheads Roundheads who support Parliament and are led by Parliament and are led by Oliver Oliver Cromwell Cromwell and his soldiers collectively soldiers collectively called the called the New New Model Model Army War breaks out , fight who support and his Go to fullsize image Army
Parliaments Parliament s Roundheads king s king s Cavaliers Cavaliers King King Charles I Charles I is treason treason Roundheads defeat the defeat the is publicly executed for publicly executed for aCavalier a Roundhead King Charles I, but not for long
a a Commonwealth Commonwealth is established as an English as an English republic republic led by Cromwell Cromwell threats faced by new republic Loyalists attack England from Scotland Scotland & Ireland Levellers Levellers demand that poor have voice in their government & in Parliament is established led by Ireland
Cromwell is forced to take absolute control in 1653 and calls himself Lord Lord Protector Protector, leading the Protectorate Protectorate he & Puritans impose a Rule many strict Puritanical measures are enacted religious toleration emerges for other Protestant groups; even Jews Catholics Catholics are not yet allowed to openly worship in England Rule of of Saints Saints Jews are are welcomed back to England, but
When Cromwell dies, the Stuart is restored with the Merry Monarch, brought back to England from exile in France Stuart dynasty Go to fullsize image
