Safe Transportation of Hazardous Materials: A Comprehensive Guide
This comprehensive guide explores the safe transportation of hazardous materials, covering topics such as requirements for hazmat drivers, classifications of hazardous materials, handling procedures, placarding, and regulatory compliance. Learn about identifying, packaging, labeling, and transporting hazardous materials securely to ensure safety for drivers, the public, and the environment.
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Presentation Transcript
Introduction This topic deals exclusively with the transportation of hazardous materials and how you can transport them safely. It introduces the many classifications of hazardous materials and their descriptions
Over View On completing this lesson, you will be able to: State what requirements drivers that haul hazmat must meet Describe how drivers identify they are hauling hazmat Identify each of the hazardous materials and the nine classes they fall into. Then describe the information needed on the Hazmat shipping papers Manifest Package labels
Load hazardous materials safely Explain what placards are and how they are used Transporting hazmat on road safely What you should do in case of accident Special precautions when hauling radioactive materials What to do when delivering hazmat
Safe and Secure Transportation Must have a special endorsement on their license Must pass Homeland security back ground and finger printing check The DOT regulates hazardous materials Packaging Labeling Loading transporting
A drivers responsibility when hauling hazmat is: Recognize Load safely Placard correctly Transport safely
Know Your Shipment A hazmat is one that can pose a health or safety risk to: Humans Animals Plants A material is also hazardous if it could damage property Regulations define hazmat as those that pose risk when transported in commerce Hazmat can be : Liquid Gas solid
Nine classes of Hazmat These nine classes include every substance that is known to be: Flammable Combustible Poisonous Otherwise harmful Use the HM table to Determine if regulated or forbidden for transport Determine the proper shipping name Identify the hazard class for the material
Use HM table to: Verify the proper ID number Identify the packaging group Verify the label is correct Verify the shipper used the proper package Determine what proper placard Shipping paper and Manifests Must be able to recognize a hazmat shipment to handle it safely Suspect a load contains hazmat based on the: Shippers business Packaging Labels and markings Shipping papers and manifest
Confirm the papers contain the right information Three items that must be included: Page numbers if more than one page Proper description of Hazmat Shippers certification signed by the shipper The Basic description of hazmat includes: Proper shipping name Hazard class ID number Packaging group , if any
Shipping Papers and Manifests Abbreviations of the shipping name may be used only when regulations permit it The ID number is a four digit UN number for the U.S. and international shipments The ID number NA used for U.S. and Canadian shipments only HMR 172.205 requires the shipper of a hazardous waste to: Prepare Date Sign A Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest The manifest sets up a paper trail and tracks all hazardous waste
Drivers must receive three copies of the manifest Keep shipping papers and manifests: Readily available in case you are stopped Within easy reach even when you wear a seat belt In the cab on the drivers seat, in plain view even when you leave the tractor Tab shipping papers related to hazmat or keep them on top of any other shipping papers
Labels Lables mark packages of Hazmat se we know what is in side Labels are: Diamond shaped 3.9 inches in size Label show the hazard class number in the lower corner of the diamond
Labels Hazard Classes are: Class 1- Explosives and fire hazards Class 2- Gasses Class 3- Flammable liquids Class 4- Flammable Solids Class 5- Oxidizing Substances Class 6- Poisons Class 7- Radioactive Materials Class 8- Corrosive Materials Class 9- Miscellaneous Materials
Labels The shipper should prepare the package with labels in place, but you should make sure they are there and know what you are caring.
Loading Hazardous Materials DO not accept any container that is damaged Load packages properly Certain Hazardous materials may Not be transported with other hazmat There are special procedures for loading specific Hazmat Make sure the parking brake is set Chock wheels Turn off engine (unless using a PTO )
Load containers so they: Will be easy to get to in an emergency Won t bounce or shift Don t load packages that are damaged for leaking You can t have over hand or tailgate loads of: Explosives Flammable solids Oxidizers Load breakable containers of corrosive liquid One by one Right side up Onto and even floor
Never load corrosive liquids next to or above Division 1.4 (explosive C) Class 4 (Flammable solids) Class 5 ( Oxidizers) Division 2,3, Zone B (poisonous Gases) Division 1.1 or 1.2 (Explosives A) Division 2.3, Zone A ( poisonous gases) Division 4.2 (Spontaneously combustible materials) Division 6.1, PG1 Zone A (poison Liquids) Do not load nitric acid Above any other product Stack it more than two high Load charged storage batteries so their liquid won t spill.
Compressed gas cylinders must be loaded one of two ways: Securely upright Braced lying flat Radioactive materials have a transport index The shipper should label packages of radioactive material with this number The total transport index of your load should not be more than 50 Also radioactive materials have to be loaded a certain distance away from any people or animals that may also be with the vehicle A table in the FHMR lists the distance for each transport index
Where not to load Hazmat Never load a package labeled POISON< POISON GAS or IRRITANT in the driver s cab or sleeper or with food materials for humans or animal consumption Flatbeds that will carry poisons must have racks that keep packages from falling off Must tarp the load Before loading or unloading explosives, Turn off engine and disable any cargo heaters Disconnect heater power sources and drain heater fuel Use a floor liner with Class 1 Division 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 (class a or b explosives The liner must not contain any steel or iron
Be careful not to damage the packages Load packages properly A person loading or unloading a cargo tank must make sure a qualified person is always watching To prevent leaks, close all manholes and valves before moving of hazmat Turn off engine (unless needed to unload Ground a cargo tank before opening a filling hole Before you leave the warehouse, make sure you completely understand what procedures you would take in case of any incident. Make sure you have all proper emergency equipment
Placards A placard is similar to a label A placard is attached to the outside of the truck It is the shippers responsibility to provide The class and quantity of hazmat listed on the shipping papers determines the placard needed
Placards are needed for any amount of Hazmat listed in Table 1 Hazard classes that need placards only if the amount transported is 1001 pounds or more including the package are listed in Table 2. You may use DANGEROUS placards instead of separate placards for each Table 2 hazard class when Total of 1001 pounds or more Have not loaded 5000 pounds or more of any Table 2 hazard class material at any one place
Safe Transport Tire inspection Check tires At the beginning of trip At the end of trip Each time you stop Use a guage Routing Avoid roads that take you through heavily populated areas
Railroad crossings The following vehicles must stop crossings All placarded vehicles Those hauling any amount of chlorine Tanks weather loaded or empty that are used to haul hazmat Stop 15 to 50 feet from the tracks Look listen and precede with out shifting over the tracks Avoid fire Don t park with in 300 feet of an open fire Don t smoke within 25 feet of vehicle
Have a fire extinguisher rated 10 B:c or more Some one has to be at the controls of the fuel nozzle while fueling
In case of an Accident In any accident stop immediately The carrier must also give you written instructions ( if hauling explosives) on what to do if you are delayed or are in an accident The written instructions must include The names and numbers of people to contact The nature of the explosives being transported The precautions to take in emergency
You must be familiar with and have in your possession while driving Shipping papers Written emergency instructions (explosives) Written route plan (explosives Copy of Hazmat EGR book If you are involved in an accident Keep shipping papers with you Put out reflective triangles Keep people away Notify authorities
If you are involved in an accident Contain the spill Don t move the vehicle Don t transfer materials Notify your employer Chemtrec provides immediate advice for those at the scene of emergencies The National Response Center helps coordinate emergency response to a chemical hazards When a hazardous material accident occurs you or your employer must phone the NRC if A person is killed A person receives injuries requiring hospitalization Carrier or other property damage exceeds $50,000
Information you give Your name The name and address of your employer The phone number where you can be contacted The date, time and location of the incident The extent of injuries if any The classification and quantity of hazmat The type of incident and nature of hazmat involved and weather a continuing danger to life exists at the scene The Hazardous Incident Report This is filled out by your employer and sent to DOT
