Plant Roots: Anatomy, Functions, and Types
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2019-2020
2
ND
GRADE
HANNAH KEMAL
HANNAH.KEMAL@ISHIK.EDU.IQ
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Define Plant root
List the functions of the root system
Describe the types of root systems
Identify the parts of roots
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The organ of the plant that lies typically underground to convey
water and nutrients to the rest of the plant
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•
Absorbs
water and minerals from the environment
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Anchors
the plant in the ground
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Transports
water and minerals to the stem
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Stores
food that has been made in the leaves by photosynthesis
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1.
Taproot System
A root system that comprises of one primary root and several secondary roots
branching off the primary root.
Examples:
Carrots
Beets
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2.
Fibrous Root System
A root system that has several primary and secondary roots of similar size
Examples:
Grass
Onion
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Primary Root –
Usually the most important (main) root in some plants
Secondary Root –
Roots that branch out from the primary root
Apical Meristem –
Found at the root tip where new cells develop
◦
Covered by the
Root Cap
– protects it from damage as it passes through
coarse soil particles
Epidermis –
Skin cells that protect the surface of the root
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Can grow long hair-like projections called
Root Hairs
(Increase the surface
area of root for more water uptake)
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1.
Cortex –
This is where the root stores the food that is produced by the leaves
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Made of Parenchyma tissue
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Endodermis –
Controls the movement of water and minerals into the xylem
and phloem
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Inner boundary of the cortex
3.
Pericycle –
A layer found inside the endodermis that may produce lateral
roots
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Vascular Cylinder (Stele) –
Forms the central cylinder of the root
It is made of two secondary transport tissues:
1.
Xylem –
Carries the water, taken in by the root hairs and epidermis, up the
plant to the stems and leaves
2.
Phloem –
Carries the food produced by the leaves down to the roots to be
stored in the cortex
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Thank You!
Delve into the world of plant roots and explore their anatomy, functions, and different types such as taproot and fibrous root systems. Discover how roots absorb water and minerals, anchor plants in the ground, transport nutrients, and store food. Learn about the primary and secondary root structures, apical meristem, root hairs, and internal layers like cortex and endodermis.
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Presentation Transcript
Root Anatomy Root Anatomy 2019-2020 2NDGRADE HANNAH KEMAL HANNAH.KEMAL@ISHIK.EDU.IQ
Objectives Objectives Define Plant root List the functions of the root system Describe the types of root systems Identify the parts of roots
What is A Plant Root? What is A Plant Root? The organ of the plant that lies typically underground to convey water and nutrients to the rest of the plant
Functions of the Root System Functions of the Root System Absorbs water and minerals from the environment Anchors the plant in the ground Transports water and minerals to the stem Stores food that has been made in the leaves by photosynthesis
Types of Root Systems Types of Root Systems 1. Taproot System A root system that comprises of one primary root and several secondary roots branching off the primary root. Examples: Carrots Beets
Types of Root Systems Types of Root Systems 2. Fibrous Root System A root system that has several primary and secondary roots of similar size Examples: Grass Onion
Parts of the Root Parts of the Root Primary Root Usually the most important (main) root in some plants Secondary Root Roots that branch out from the primary root Apical Meristem Found at the root tip where new cells develop Covered by the Root Cap protects it from damage as it passes through coarse soil particles Epidermis Skin cells that protect the surface of the root Can grow long hair-like projections called Root Hairs (Increase the surface area of root for more water uptake)
Internal Root Layers Internal Root Layers 1. Cortex This is where the root stores the food that is produced by the leaves Made of Parenchyma tissue 2. Endodermis Controls the movement of water and minerals into the xylem and phloem Inner boundary of the cortex 3. Pericycle A layer found inside the endodermis that may produce lateral roots
4. Vascular Cylinder (Stele) Forms the central cylinder of the root It is made of two secondary transport tissues: 1. Xylem Carries the water, taken in by the root hairs and epidermis, up the plant to the stems and leaves 2. Phloem Carries the food produced by the leaves down to the roots to be stored in the cortex
Dicot vs. Monocot Roots Dicot vs. Monocot Roots
Thank You! Thank You!
