Obesity Trends and Food Environment Changes in the United States
The presentation highlights the obesity epidemic among U.S. adults and children, showing the increase in overweight and obese individuals over the years. It also discusses the rise in daily calorie availability and the percentage increase in calorie intake from different food categories. Furthermore, it touches upon the cost changes of fruits, vegetables, sugars, and fats, as well as the calorie content in classic recipes over the years.
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The Obesity Epidemic and Changes in the Food Environment Andrew Rundle, Dr.P.H. Associate Professor of Epidemiology Co-Director of the Mailman School Obesity Prevention Initiative Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University agr3@cumc.columbia.edu
Obesity Among U.S. Adults, Obesity Among U.S. Adults, 1994 and 2010 1994 and 2010 1994 2010 Prevalence of Obesity <10% 10% 14% 15% 19% 20% 24% 25%-29% 30 (BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5 4 person) Note: 1994 is the first year that all States reported obesity data to the CDC s BRFSS
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Children and Adolescents from among Children and Adolescents from 1971 1971 1974 to 2011 1974 to 2011- -2012 2012 40 35 30 Percentage 25 20 15 Obese Overweight 10 5 0
Average Daily Calories per Capita Available from the U.S. Food System has Increased (1970-2010)1 3,000 2,700 2,400 2,100 1,800 1,500 1. Adjusted for spoilage and other waste In 2000 the number of companies reporting vegetable oil production increased Source USDA Economic Research Service.
Percent Increase in Average Daily per Capita Calories Available1 from 1970 2010 by Food Category Total Sugars and sweeteners (added) Added fats and oils and dairy fats Flour and cereal products Vegetables Fruit Dairy Meat, eggs and nuts -10 10 30 50 70 1. Adjusted for spoilage and other waste Source USDA Economic Research Service.
Cost of Fruit and Vegetables has Increased and Cost of Sugars and Fats has Decreased Percent change in prices1 1985 - 2014 1. Using inflation adjusted prices.
Calories/Serving in Classic Recipes1 from TheJoy of Cooking: 1975 & 2006 800 700 Mean Calories Per 600 Serving (kcal) 500 400 300 200 100 0 1975 2006 1. Apple Pie, Barbeque Chicken, Beef Pot Roast, Cheeseburger, Chili con Carne, Corn Muffins, Lasagna, Mashed Potatoes, Meat Loaf, Pancakes, Sloppy Joes, and Tuna Casserole. [Cereijido et al., 2009]
Products are Now Marketed to Children "Launched in September 1993, CHUBBY is first carbonated soft drink to be developed and targeted specifically at children under the age of 12. Its success has been phenomenal. Chubby Investor Relations Materials
Eating Out is On the Rise Eating Out is On the Rise Share of total food expenditure (%) 80 Since the 1960s, Since the 1960s, expenditures for expenditures for food eaten outside food eaten outside the home have the home have steadily increased. steadily increased. At home 70 60 On average meals On average meals eaten outside the eaten outside the home are less home are less healthy than meals healthy than meals prepared at home. prepared at home. 50 40 Away from home 30 20 Source: USDA, Economic Source: USDA, Economic Research Service Research Service
McDonalds Serving Sizes 1955 & 2002 7.1 6.3 Fries (oz) 5.3 2.4 2.4 1955 Small Medium Large Super 2002 Soda (oz) 42 32 22 16 12 7 1955 Child Small Medium 2002 Large Super [Young et al., 2003]
Snack Foods are Now Everywhere Snack Foods are Now Everywhere [Farley TA, et al., AJPH, 2010].
