Mississippi Ethics Commission - Ensuring Transparency and Accountability in Government

Ethics in Government, Public Records

& Open Meetings

MISSISSIPPI ETHICS COMMISSION

MISSISSIPPI ETHICS COMMISSION

Miss. Assn. of Chiefs of Police

Miss. Assn. of Chiefs of Police

New Chiefs Training

New Chiefs Training

Embassy Suites, Ridgeland

Embassy Suites, Ridgeland

January 11, 2023

January 11, 2023



 Ethics in Government Law



 Public Records Act



 Open Meetings Act



 Campaign Finance Law

ETHICS IN

GOVERNMENT LAW

THE STATEMENT OF ECONOMIC

INTEREST

Intended to disclose sources of a public

servant’s income but not amounts.

Persons Required to File



Elected officials, except members of levee boards

and election commissioners;



Members of all public school boards, whether elected or

appointed;



Candidates for elected office and persons

appointed to fill a vacancy in an elected office;



Executive directors or heads of state agencies and the

presidents and trustees of all colleges and universities;



Members of any state board, commission, or agency,

except advisory boards or commissions;



Board members and executive directors of local

economic development entities 

and 

airport authorities

.

ADVISORY OPINIONS



Commission issues anonymous advisory opinions

every month to public servants who need advice

about complying with the Ethics Law.



Opinion must be requested in writing by a public

servant or candidate for elected office.



If you get an opinion from the Ethics

Commission, and you follow it, you are immune

from liability under the Ethics Law.



Commission’s staff gives informal guidance

based on past opinions, but the only way to be

protected from liability is to obtain an official

written opinion.

Eight Basic Prohibitions



Board Member Contracts



Use of Office



Contracting



Purchasing Goods and Services



Purchasing Securities



Insider Lobbying



Post Government Employment



Insider Information

No public officer or member of the legislature

shall be



interested, directly or indirectly

, in any



contract

 with the state, or any district,

county, city, or town thereof,



authorized

 by any law passed or order

made by any board of which he may be or

may have been a member,



during the term

 for which he shall have

been chosen, 

or within one year

 after

the expiration of such term.



Section 109 

Section 109 

only

only

 applies to members of

 applies to members of

boards and the Legislature.

boards and the Legislature.



Notice the prohibition is against an 

Notice the prohibition is against an 

interest

interest

,

,

not against an act.

not against an act.



There must be some sort of contract. It

There must be some sort of contract. It

need not be a written contract.

need not be a written contract.



The conflict arises when the 

The conflict arises when the 

board

board

 funds or

 funds or

otherwise authorizes the contract. 

otherwise authorizes the contract. 

Even if

Even if

the individual member does not vote, he or

the individual member does not vote, he or

she may be in violation

she may be in violation

.

.



The prohibition continues until a former

The prohibition continues until a former

official has been out of office for one year.

official has been out of office for one year.

Advisory Opinion

13-094-E

Alderman’s financially

independent child or cousin may be

employed by the town in the police

department, but alderman must recuse from

any monetary benefit to the child and

should recuse from decisions concerning

cousin to comply with the public policy

section.

Advisory Opinion

14-042-E

The owner of a wrecker service

may also serve as alderman and the police

department may contact the wrecker service

to assist motorists when the cost of the

service is not paid for by the city, without

violating Section 109 or Section 25-4-105(2)

& (3)(a). However, the alderman may not

use his position to obtain, or attempt to

obtain, any benefit for his business, in

compliance with Section 25-4-105(1).

Section 25-4-105(1)

(1) No 

public servant

 shall 

use his official position

 to

obtain, or attempt to obtain, 

pecuniary benefit

 for

himself other than that compensation provided for by law,

or to obtain, or attempt to obtain, pecuniary benefit for any

relative

 or any 

business with which he is associated

.

Section 25-4-105(1)



The statute does 

The statute does 

not

not

 require a public servant

 require a public servant

misuse

misuse

 his or her position.

 his or her position.



To avoid a violation, a public servant must

To avoid a violation, a public servant must

totally and completely 

totally and completely 

recuse

recuse

 himself or herself

 himself or herself

from the matter giving rise to the conflict.

from the matter giving rise to the conflict.



A board member must leave the board meeting

A board member must leave the board meeting

before

before

 the matter comes up for discussion, may

 the matter comes up for discussion, may

only return 

only return 

after

after

 the matter is concluded, and

 the matter is concluded, and

must not discuss the matter with anyone.

must not discuss the matter with anyone.



An abstention is considered a vote with the

An abstention is considered a vote with the

majority and is 

majority and is 

not

not

 a recusal. The minutes of the

 a recusal. The minutes of the

meeting should accurately reflect the recusal.

meeting should accurately reflect the recusal.



Recusal 

Recusal 

does not 

does not 

prevent other violations.

prevent other violations.

Advisory Opinion

14-006-E

The attorney for a municipality’s

civil service commission may represent

defendants in criminal cases pending in the

municipal court. However, the attorney must

recuse from any civil service cases

concerning police officers who may be

witnesses in his criminal cases due to the

potential for violations of Section 25-4-

105(1) and (5), and Section 25-4-101.

Advisory Opinion

12-049-E

A municipal police officer or his

company may not sell DUI breathalyzer

devices to local bars and restaurants within

the city. This situation could lead to a

violation of Section 25-4-105(1), Miss. Code

of 1972, and creates an appearance of

impropriety under Section 25-4-101.

Section 25-4-105(1)

“

“

Relative

Relative

” is the public servant’s

” is the public servant’s



spouse,

spouse,



child,

child,



parent,

parent,



sibling (brothers and sisters) or

sibling (brothers and sisters) or



spouse of a relative (in-laws).

spouse of a relative (in-laws).

Advisory Opinion

13-057-E

13-057-E

Section 25-4-105(1) prohibits a

Section 25-4-105(1) prohibits a

city clerk from using his or her official

city clerk from using his or her official

position to obtain or attempt to obtain a

position to obtain or attempt to obtain a

pecuniary benefit for his or her relative.

pecuniary benefit for his or her relative.

However, the clerk’s spouse may be legally

However, the clerk’s spouse may be legally

employed in the police department if the

employed in the police department if the

clerk has no supervisory authority over the

clerk has no supervisory authority over the

spouse and takes no discretionary action

spouse and takes no discretionary action

resulting in a monetary benefit to the

resulting in a monetary benefit to the

spouse.

spouse.

Section 25-4-105(1)

 ‘

Business with which he is associated

’

means public servant or his relative is



officer, director, owner, partner, employee



holder of more than ten percent (10%) of

the fair market value or



from which he or his relative derives more

than $2,500 in annual income or



over which such public servant or his

relative exercises control.

Advisory Opinion

10-066-E

The chief of police may

not send police cars to an auto repair

shop owned by his son-in-law. Section

25-4-105(1) prohibits the chief from

using his position to obtain or attempt

to obtain any pecuniary benefit for his

son-in-law or his son-in-law’s business.

Subsection (3)(a) –

The Contractor Prohibition

(3) No public servant shall: (a) Be a

contractor, subcontractor or vendor

with the governmental entity

 of which

he is a member, officer, employee or agent,

other than in his contract of employment, 

or

have a material financial interest in

any business which is a contractor,

subcontractor or vendor

with the

governmental entity

 of which he is a

member, officer, employee or agent.

Advisory Opinion

09-063-E

09-063-E

A city police department may

A city police department may

provide additional compensation to a police

provide additional compensation to a police

officer for providing a trained K-9 unit, but

officer for providing a trained K-9 unit, but

Section 25-4-105(3)(a) prohibits a city

Section 25-4-105(3)(a) prohibits a city

employee from having a separate contract

employee from having a separate contract

with the same city and receiving separate

with the same city and receiving separate

compensation.

compensation.

Advisory Opinion

14-054-E

An alderman who is also a bail

agent may write bail bonds which are not

returnable to the municipality, but neither

the alderman nor an agency with which the

alderman is associated should write bail

bonds for any defendant arrested by the

municipal police department in order to

comply with Section 25-4-101 and Section

25-4-105(1).

Subsection (3)(b) –

The Purchaser Prohibition

(3) No public servant shall: (b) Be a

purchaser, direct or indirect

, at any sale

made by him in his official capacity 

or by

the governmental entity of which he is

an officer or employee

, except in respect

of the sale of goods or services when

provided as public utilities or offered to the

general public on a uniform price schedule.

Subsection (3)(b) –

The Purchaser Prohibition

For example, this subsection prohibits a

For example, this subsection prohibits a

government employee or official from

government employee or official from

purchasing anything at an auction or other

purchasing anything at an auction or other

sale conducted on behalf of his or her

sale conducted on behalf of his or her

governmental entity.

governmental entity.

Subsection (3)(e) –

Post Government Employment

(3) No public servant shall:  (e) Perform any

service

 for any 

compensation

 for any

person or business

after termination

 of

his office or employment in relation to any

case, decision, proceeding or

application

 with respect to which he was

directly concerned or in which he

personally participated

 during the period

of his service or employment.



Applies 

Applies 

after

after

 someone leaves government.

 someone leaves government.



If you worked on a matter while you were in

If you worked on a matter while you were in

government, you cannot work on that 

government, you cannot work on that 

same matter

same matter

in the private sector.

in the private sector.



But a former government employee 

But a former government employee 

can work

can work

 for a

 for a

government contractor on other matters.

government contractor on other matters.

Section 25-4-105(4) –

Exceptions to Subsection (3)



These exceptions 

These exceptions 

only

only

 apply to Subsection

 apply to Subsection

(3) and 

(3) and 

not

not

 to any other provisions of law.

 to any other provisions of law.



Can apply to a government employee but

Can apply to a government employee but

does not protect

does not protect

 a board member from a

 a board member from a

violation of Section 109 or Section 25-4-

violation of Section 109 or Section 25-4-

105(2). The employee would still have to

105(2). The employee would still have to

recuse

recuse

 himself or herself from any action

 himself or herself from any action

which might otherwise violate Section 25-

which might otherwise violate Section 25-

4-105(1).

4-105(1).

Section 25-4-105(5) –

Insider Information

(5) No person may intentionally use or disclose

information gained in the course of or by reason of

his official position or employment

 as a public

servant in any way that could result in 

pecuniary

benefit for himself, any relative, or any other

person

, if the 

information has not been

communicated to the public or is not public

information

.

Section 25-4-105(5) –

Insider Information



Comes up most often in connection

Comes up most often in connection

with economic development.

with economic development.



Nonpublic information may not be

Nonpublic information may not be

revealed if it 

revealed if it 

might

might

 result in a

 result in a

monetary benefit to 

monetary benefit to 

anyone

anyone

.

.



Could apply to a former public

Could apply to a former public

servant.

servant.

THE COMPLAINT PROCEDURE

Investigation and Enforcement of Ethics in

Government Violations

Complaint Process



Sworn complaint must be filed alleging a violation of law by a

public servant before an investigation can be conducted.



If investigation is authorized by Commission, it is conducted

before respondent is notified.



Respondent has 30 days to file a response.



All investigative proceedings and records are strictly confidential,

and breach of confidentiality constitutes a crime.

Enforcement



Commission will hold hearings to

determine guilt and to impose penalties.



Appeals go to Hinds County Circuit Court.



Commission will impose fines up to

$10,000, censures and equitable remedies

on all public servants.



Commission can 

recommend

 that Hinds

County Circuit Court remove an official or

suspend or demote an employee

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PUBLIC RECORDS ACT



All documents and other records, including

electronic records, related to government

business are public records.



Everyone has the right to inspect or copy.



Government can recoup actual cost of

retrieving and/or copying public records.



Many records are exempted.



If record contains exempt material,

government may have to redact and copy.

Incident/Investigative Reports



Defines “incident report,” “investigative

report” and “law enforcement agency.”



Incident report must include identity of

person arrested, date, time, location and

nature of offense.



Incident report 

must

 be disclosed.



Investigative reports may contain detailed

information about crime and victim.



Investigative report 

does not

 have to be

disclosed.



R-10-005, Sacharin vs. Horn Lake Police Department

When a police “investigative report” contains information which

should have been contained in an “incident report,” the exempt

information must be redacted, and the redacted report must be

produced.



R-10-008, Webster vs. Southaven Police Dept.

Police department policy and procedure manuals are generally

not exempt “investigative reports.” Internal affairs complaints

may be exempted “personnel records.”



R-10-020; Swan vs. Hattiesburg Police Dept.

An incident report must contain a narrative description of the incident

and must not contain investigative or victim information which could

jeopardize investigations and prosecutions and may subject victims of

crime to unwarranted public embarrassment or danger.



R-14-003:  Stallworth vs. Harrison County Coroner

Coroner’s autopsy report and photographs are law enforcement

investigative records and are exempt.



R-10-013, Thomas vs. City of Gulfport

A person who requests public records must request an identifiable

record or class of records before a public body can comply with the

request. An "identifiable record" is one that staff of the public body can

reasonably locate. An "identifiable record" is not a request for

"information" in general.



R-09-007:  Garner vs. Office of the State Treasurer

State agency fulfilled its obligation to provide “reasonable access” to

public records by posting a searchable electronic version of public

records on the agency’s web site.



R-13-005 - 010:  Miss. Crime Crier vs. Sheriffs’ Departments

Incident reports and jail dockets are nonexempt public records which

must be produced upon request. Mug shots are not necessarily part of

either record and may be provided upon request at the discretion of

the law enforcement agency. Records must be provided in electronic

format only if they are kept in electronic format.



R-13-001:  Williams vs. City of Jackson

Salary information and time cards of city employees are not exempt

personnel records. If the records contain exempt information, it may be

redacted before the records are produced.



R-13-007:  DeLoge vs. DeSoto County Sheriff’s Department

Evidence in an open criminal investigation, even if public record,

qualifies as investigative reports and is exempt from disclosure.



R-13-012:  Weatherford vs. City of D’Iberville

Public records request for a court file in a criminal case must be

honored unless the file has been properly sealed. The court must

strictly follow a specific procedure before sealing a court file,

including an open hearing after notice to the parties and media.



R-13-020:  Stankevich vs. City of Jackson

Investigative reports are exempt from public records disclosure.

E-911 recordings are not only exempt but may not be released

without a court order.



R-13-022:  

NE Miss. Daily Journal

 vs. City of Tupelo

Email from mayor to city employee which contained a reprimand

was exempt as a personnel record.



R-14-015:  McKinney vs. Carroll County Sheriff’s Dept.

Requestor must ask for “identifiable records.” Mere questions or

requests for information do not require a response.



R-14-007:  Muller vs. Dept. of Public Safety

Question about employment status is not a request for public

records. Incident report created by another law enforcement

agency and obtained by DPS solely as part of an internal affairs

investigation is a “personnel record” and exempt from

production by DPS, although it could be obtained from the

reporting agency.



R-14-008 & 012:  Muller vs. DPS & MDOT

Witness statement obtained from MDOT employee in the course

of internal affairs investigation by DPS and possessed by both

agencies is a “personnel record” and exempt from production by

either agency.

PUBLIC RECORDS ACT

Some Statutory Exemptions



Personal contact information on judges, cops,

prosecutors or victims of crime, § 25-61-12



Appraisal records exempt, § 31-1-27



Attorney work product exemption, § 25-1-102



Environmental self-evaluation reports, § 49-2-71



Individual tax records, § 27-3-77



Personnel files exempt, § 25-1-100



Workers' compensation records, § 71-3-66

Public Records Opinions

Common Exemptions: Personnel Records

R-14-025

: O’Bryant v. Moss Point



 Personnel records cannot be produced unless the

public body obtains consent from the employee to

whom the records pertain.



 A public body is not required to give an employee a

copy of his or her own personnel records.

R-14-009

: Greenwood Commonwealth v. Leflore

Co. Sch. Dist./State Dept. of Ed.



 Letters of nonrenewal are exempt personnel records.



 A list of employees who received letters of nonrenewal

may also be exempt.

Public Records Opinions

Common Exemptions: Attorney-Client

Privilege and Attorney Work Product

R-13-002

: Butts v. Tupelo School District

While the district may be required to produce

documents that simply reflect the total amount

billed by an attorney, the District cannot be

required to disclose information in detailed

invoices from an attorney that contain

attorney-client privileged communications or

information subject to the attorney work

product doctrine.

Text Msgs. - 

Text Msgs. - 

Op. No. R-13-023

Op. No. R-13-023

a)

Text messages concerning city business sent by

the mayor in his role as chief executive officer

of the city qualify as public records, even

though sent from the mayor’s personal phone.

b)

Any text message used by a government

official “in the conduct, transaction or

performance of any business, transaction,

work, duty or function of [the government]” is

a public record, regardless of where the record

is stored.

Text Msgs. - 

Text Msgs. - 

Op. No. R-13-023

Op. No. R-13-023

c)

Purely personal text messages having

absolutely no relation to government business

are not public records.

d)

Public record text messages might have to be

retained by the public body.

e)

MDAH Local Government Records Office says

“electronic records are subject to the same

retention guidelines as paper records and

existing retention schedules apply to all records

regardless of format unless noted otherwise in

the approved retention period.”

PUBLIC RECORDS ACT

Response and Costs



Public body must respond to public

records request within 1 working day, if

no policy is in place.



Public body may adopt a policy allowing

up to 7 working days to respond.



Denial of request must be in writing.



Public body may require prepayment of

reasonably calculated actual costs of

searching, reviewing, redacting,

duplicating and mailing public records.

Enforcement



Complaint is filed with Commission. Complaint is

sent to public body, which can respond.

Commission may dismiss complaint, make

preliminary finding or hold a hearing.



Ethics Commission may order public body to

comply with law.



Ethics Commission can mediate disputes.



Either party may appeal 

de novo

 or enforce

Ethics Commission order in local chancery court.



Complaints can still bypass the Ethics

Commission and go straight to chancery court.

Model Public Records Rules



Nonbinding unless you adopt them



Designed for use by all state and local

agencies



Can be modified to suit your needs



Provide guidance on questions which are

not answered in the law and have not

been addressed by courts



Posted on Ethics Commission web site

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

Complaint is filed with Commission. Complaint is

sent to public body, which can respond.

Commission may dismiss complaint, make

preliminary finding or hold a hearing.



Ethics Commission may order public body to

comply with law.



Ethics Commission may impose $500 fine for

first offense, $1,000 for subsequent offense.



Ethics Commission can mediate disputes.



Either party may appeal 

de novo

 or enforce

Ethics Commission order in local chancery court.



Public meetings must be open to public.



Executive session must follow specific procedure and only

for 12 reasons.



Notice of meeting must be given, and minutes must be

kept.



Social gatherings are not “meetings” unless official

business is discussed.



Act never requires executive session.

OPEN MEETINGS ACT

The Basics

WHAT IS A MEETING?



“Public body” is any board, commission,

authority, council, department agency,

bureau or other entity or committee

thereof of the state, political subdivision or

municipality.



“Meeting” is any gathering of a quorum of

the public body, whether in person or by

phone, to discuss a matter under the

authority of the public body.

OPEN MEETINGS ACT

Definitions

Columbus v. Commercial Dispatch

Miss. Sup. Ct., 2017



Deliberations of a quorum must take place in a

proper public meeting.



When a quorum splits into separate groups and

discusses the same matter of city business with the

same person, a quorum is deliberating, and a

“meeting” has occurred.

Case No. M-09-007

Hall vs. Miss. Trans. Commn.



When a quorum of a public body assembles and

discusses a matter under their jurisdiction, a “meeting”

has taken place.



Does not matter that they took no action.



Must provide notice and take minutes.

Case No. M-10-001

Mason vs. Aberdeen Bd. of Ald.



A 

A 

chance or impromptu gathering

chance or impromptu gathering

 of board members is

 of board members is

not necessarily a “meeting.”

not necessarily a “meeting.”

A public board should be available for social functions with

charities, industries and businesses, at which no action is

taken and their only function is to listen, without being

subjected to the Act. Therefore, a function attended by a

public board, whether informal or impromptu, is a meeting

within the meaning of the Act only when there is to occur

“deliberative stages of the decision-making process that

lead to formation and determination of public policy.”

Hinds County Board of Supervisors v. Common Cause of Mississippi

,

551 So.2d 107, 123 (Miss.1989).

Case No. M-12-020

McGovern vs. Starkville



Retreats

 conducted by the Board of Aldermen are meetings

subject to the Open Meetings Act



Even if no official action is taken at a meeting, minutes must

be kept



Committees

 established by the board to conduct business of

the city are subject to the Open Meetings Act

Case No. M-12-023

Gilmore v. Holmes Co. Sch. Dist.



A panel established by the superintendent to assist the

superintendent in performing his or her job is not a “public

body” subject to the Open Meetings Act



While the school board of trustees and any committee thereof

qualify as a “public body” under the Open Meetings Act, there

was no evidence the panel was created by the board or at

the direction of the board.

EXECUTIVE SESSION

Executive Session Procedure:

Case No. M-12-002; Hood v. Belzoni

1. The meeting must begin as an Open Meeting.

Miss. Code Ann. § 25-41-7(1).

2. A member must make a motion in an Open

Meeting for the meeting to be closed to determine

whether or not the Board should declare an

executive session. The statute does not require a

second to this motion, but the vote on this motion

is taken in Open Meeting. If a majority votes to

close the meeting to make a determination on the

question of an executive session, the meeting is

closed for this purpose. Miss. Code Ann. § 25-41-

7(2).

Executive Session Procedure (continued)

3. No other business during this closed interim shall be

considered until a vote has been taken on whether or

not to declare an executive session. Miss. Code Ann. §

25-41-7(2). In order to go into executive session, a

majority of three-fifths of those present must vote in

favor of it. Miss. Code Ann. § 25-41-7(1).

4. The Board must then state in Open Meeting the

reason for going into executive session, and this

reason and total vote thereon must thereafter be

recorded on the minutes of the meeting. Miss. Code

Ann. § 25-41-7(3), (5).

5. The vote to go into executive session is applicable

only to that particular meeting on that particular day.

Miss. Code Ann. § 25-41-7(6).

Executive session may be held for 12 reasons only:

(a) personnel matters

(b) litigation

(c) security

(d) investigations

(e) The Legislature may enter executive session for any reason.

(f) cases of extraordinary emergency

(g) prospective purchase, sale or leasing of lands

(h) school board discussions about individual student’s problems

(i) preparation of professional licensing exams

(j) location, relocation or expansion of a business

(k) budget matter which may lead to termination of employee

(l) certain PERS board investments

Executive Session Reasons

Announce Specific Reasons



Reasons for executive session must be announced

in open meeting and recorded in minutes. Must

state a meaningful reason with sufficient specificity

so that audience will later be able to check it out.

To simply say, “personnel matters,” or “litigation,”

tells nothing. The reason stated must be of sufficient

specificity to inform those present that there is in

reality a specific, discrete matter or area which the

board had determined should be discussed in

executive session.

Hinds County Board of Supervisors v. Common Cause

of Mississippi

, 551 So.2d 107 (Miss. 1989).

Case Nos. M-12-005 & M-12-006

Harding vs. City of Bay St. Louis



“Personnel matters” exception does not apply

to the job performance of an independent

contractor to the government:

“Personnel Matters” are restricted to matters dealing with employees hired and

supervised by the board, not those employees of some other [public] official, and

not other [public] officials themselves. . . . Moreover, an independent contractor

such as an accountant, lawyer, or architect is not an employee of the board, and

would not come under “personnel.”

--

Hinds County Board of Supervisors v. Common Cause of Mississippi

, 551 So.2d 107, 124 (Miss.1989).

Case No. M-09-005

Cooper vs. Adams Co. Bd. of Supv.



“Personnel matters” exception does not apply to issue of

funding agency simply because board members disapprove of

agency employees.



Board may not simply announce “personnel” as reason for

entering executive session.



Board must announce which exception applies to each

individual matter discussed in executive session.

Case No. M-09-006

Howell vs. Water Valley Bd. of Ald.



Selecting a board attorney is a “personnel matter”

which may be discussed in executive session when

the board considers the “job performance,

character, [and] professional competence” of the

attorney.

Case No. M-09-009

Hood vs. Belzoni Bd. of Ald.



Board may never discuss pay raises for themselves in

executive session as elected officials are not “personnel.”



Board must publicly state a meaningful reason with

sufficient specificity before entering executive session.



Reason for executive session must be recorded in the

minutes.



Times and places of regular meetings

should be set in statute or ordinance.



For recess, adjourned, interim or special

meetings, notice must be posted in city

hall within one hour of calling the

meeting.



Copy of the notice must be placed in the

minutes.



Must post notice of called special

Must post notice of called special

meetings on web site and email or

meetings on web site and email or

fax notice not less than 1 hour before

fax notice not less than 1 hour before

the meeting to anyone who requests

the meeting to anyone who requests

it. (in addition to posting paper

it. (in addition to posting paper

notice)

notice)



Does not apply to municipalities with

Does not apply to municipalities with

population less than 25,000.

population less than 25,000.

Case No. M-09-008

Goodman vs. Lena Bd. of Ald.



Public notice must be posted within one hour of calling a

meeting other than a regularly scheduled meeting.



Notice must be posted in a prominent place in building where

board meets.



Notice must be included in the minutes of that meeting.



Minutes must be kept for all meetings, whether in

open or executive session.



Minutes must be “recorded” within 30 days after

meeting.



Minutes must be available for public inspection.

Case No. M-12-012

Rody vs. Pearl River Co. Bd. Of Sup.



“Minutes shall be recorded within a reasonable time not to

exceed thirty (30) days after recess or adjournment and shall

be 

open to public inspection during regular business hours

.”



The term “recorded” means written or drafted.



Draft minutes must be made available for public inspection.

Minutes must show:



Members present and absent;



Date, time and place of meeting;



Accurate recording of any final actions;



Record, by individual member, of all votes

taken;



Any other information requested by the

public body.

OPEN MEETINGS ACT

Content of Minutes

Case No. M-12-012

Rody vs. Pearl River Co. Bd. Of Sup.



The minutes of a public body may, but are not required to, reflect

discussions occurring in open session when no action was taken.



Minutes are not transcripts. The purpose of the minutes is to

record what actions were taken at the meeting, not to record

everything that was discussed.

Case No. M-12-012

Rody vs. Pearl River Co. Bd. Of Sup.



“Litigation” includes “strategy sessions or negotiations with respect to

prospective litigation, litigation or issuance of an appealable order

when an open meeting would have a detrimental effect on the

litigating position of the public body.”



Public bodies should provide as much specific information about the

reason given as is possible under the circumstances. The amount of

detailed information which can be provided may change from one

instance to another.

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Case No. M-11-008

Smith vs. Summit



An agenda and materials that will be distributed to

members of the public body must be made available

to the public at the time of the meeting.

--Section 25-41-5(4).

Case No. M-11-003; Hampton vs. Louisville

Municipal School District



Open Meetings Act requires public bodies take all reasonable

means within their powers and resources to ensure all

members of the public who attend are able to “

see and hear

everything that is going on”.



Act does not require public body to provide electronic

amplification during public meetings, nor can public body be

required to provide seating for an overflow crowd.

Case No. M-10-004

Cockrell vs. Canton Bd. of Ald.



Public body may not ban 

cameras or other recording

devices from an open meeting.



Public body may make and enforce reasonable rules

for conduct of persons attending meetings.

Case No. M-10-007

Townes vs. Leflore Co. Sch. Bd.



Public body may make and enforce reasonable rules

for conduct of persons attending meetings.



Public body is not required to allow members of the

public to speak at meetings.



All members can participate by phone.



They can be in different locations, so long

as one location is open to the public.



Equipment (speaker phone) must be

located in place where board normally

meets and allow members of board and

public to hear deliberations.



Votes must be clearly audible or visible to

members of the board and public.

Contact Us

Mississippi Ethics Commission

Post Office Box 22746

660 North Street, Suite 100-C

Jackson, Mississippi 39225-2746

Phone:  601-359-1285

Fax:  601-359-1292

www.ethics.ms.gov

info@ethics.state.ms.us