Mastering the Art of Introducing Quotes with Signal Phrases
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SIGNAL
PHRASES
INTRODUCING QUOTES
WHAT’S A SIGNAL
PHRASE?
•
A phrase that leads into a quote or paraphrase
•
Requires:
–
Speaker/author’s name and title of the piece
–
Indication as to why they are considered reliable
–
Power verb
–
*Possibly* Context of the quote/paraphrase
•
Example: Sarah Smith,
New York Times
columnist
and author of “Using Signal Phrases,” explains,
“The best way to introduce a quote is to use a
signal phrase.”
WHY DO I NEED A
SIGNAL PHRASE?
•
Shows your audience you are introducing an
outside source
•
Prevents “drop quotes”
–
A sentence can never be just a quote
•
Proves you found your evidence from a reliable
source
•
Ensures you no longer need parenthetical
citations
A SIGNAL PHRASE IS
NOT
•
An entire sentence
•
The quote itself
•
Anything in parentheses
REQUIREMENTS:
SPEAKER/AUTHOR’S NAME AND
TITLE OF THE PIECE
•
Full name (first time you mention them)
•
Indicate any important title they hold:
–
Dr. Johnson
–
John Johnson, Ph. D
–
Senator Johnson
–
President Johnson
•
Title of the article, book etc.
–
“Articles are in quotation marks”
–
Long works like books or newspapers are in italics
REQUIREMENT:
INDICATION AS TO WHY THEY ARE
CONSIDERED RELIABLE
•
Any important job title
–
Dr.
Robert Campbell…
•
What source they write for
–
Robert Campbell, author for the
New York
Times
•
Life experience
–
Robert Campbell,
a lawyer with 20 years of
experience
…
REQUIREMENTS:
POWER VERB
•
List
EXAMPLE:
•
Speaker/author’s
name and title of the
piece
•
Indication as to why
they are considered
reliable
•
Power verb
•
Sarah Smith
,
New York
Times
columnist
and
author of
“Using
Signal Phrases,”
asserts
that, “The
best way to introduce
a quote is to use a
signal phrase.”
FORMULAS FOR DIFFERENT
SIGNAL PHRASES
•
Author
, author of “
Title
,” power
verb
,
“Quote.” (
A
+”
T
”+
V
+Q)
•
“Title,” an article/book/etc by Author,
power verb, “Quote.” (“
T
”+
A
+
V
+Q)
•
3
rd
option
: Quote first, then lead out.
“Quote,” power verb author in
“Title.” (Q+
V
+
A
+
T
)
POSSIBLE
REQUIREMENT:
•
Necessary when explaining a quote from
the middle of a story (the audience
needs to know what action is going on in
the story)
OR
•
A statement made under specific
circumstances
EXAMPLE WITH
CONTEXT FOR A
STORY
:
•
Speaker/author’s
name and title of the
piece
•
Indication as to why
they are considered
reliable
•
Power verb
•
Context
In
To Kill a Mockingbird
Atticus
gives his closing
argument
to the
jury
responsible for the
verdict of Tom
Robinson’s trial
, and he
pleads,
“In the name of
God, do your duty.”
EXAMPLE WITH CONTEXT
FOR SPECIFIC CIRCUMSTANCES
:
•
Speaker/author’s
name and title of the
piece
•
Indication as to why
they are considered
reliable
•
Power verb
•
Context
When speaking at the
2017 Convention for
Gardeners,
Charlie
Beach
,
renowned
butterfly expert
,
explains
, “Gardens with
milkweed and at least
six colors of flowers
will attract a plethora
of species.”
EXAMPLE
Kanye West
,
Grammy award-
winning songwriter
and rapper
,
shares
his opinion about the
results of the Video
Music Awards by
insisting
, “Beyoncé
has one of the best
videos of all time!”
•
Speaker/author’s
name and title of
the piece
•
Indication as to
why they are
considered reliable
•
Power verb
•
Context
ARTICLES
•
Articles may have interviews
•
If you are using a quote from
something someone other than the
author said, you must include the
person who said the quote AND who
the author of the article is
STORIES
•
Quotes said by a character must
give the character credit
WRITE YOUR OWN!
•
Use info from one of your hero
articles
Understanding the importance of signal phrases in academic writing. Signal phrases provide context, establish credibility of sources, and prevent dropped quotes. Learn the key elements required for an effective signal phrase and how to structure them using different formulas. Enhance your writing by mastering the art of introducing quotes with signal phrases.
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Presentation Transcript
SIGNAL PHRASES I N TRODUCI N G QUOTES
WHATS A SIGNAL PHRASE? A phrase that leads into a quote or paraphrase Requires: Speaker/author s name and title of the piece Indication as to why they are considered reliable Power verb *Possibly* Context of the quote/paraphrase Example: Sarah Smith, New York Times columnist and author of Using Signal Phrases, explains, The best way to introduce a quote is to use a signal phrase.
WHY DO I NEED A SIGNAL PHRASE? Shows your audience you are introducing an outside source Prevents drop quotes A sentence can never be just a quote Proves you found your evidence from a reliable source Ensures you no longer need parenthetical citations
A SIGNAL PHRASE IS NOT An entire sentence The quote itself Anything in parentheses
REQUIREMENTS: SPEAKER/AUTHOR S NAME AND TITLE OF THE PIECE Full name (first time you mention them) Indicate any important title they hold: Dr. Johnson John Johnson, Ph. D Senator Johnson President Johnson Title of the article, book etc. Articles are in quotation marks Long works like books or newspapers are in italics
REQUIREMENT: INDICATION AS TO WHY THEY ARE CONSIDERED RELIABLE Any important job title Dr.Robert Campbell What source they write for Robert Campbell, author for the New York Times Life experience Robert Campbell, a lawyer with 20 years of experience
REQUIREMENTS: POWER VERB List
EXAMPLE: Speaker/author s name and title of the piece Indication as to why they are considered reliable Power verb Sarah Smith, New York Times columnist and author of Using Signal Phrases, asserts that, The best way to introduce a quote is to use a signal phrase.
FORMULAS FOR DIFFERENT SIGNAL PHRASES Author, author of Title, power verb, Quote. (A+ T +V+Q) Title, an article/book/etc by Author, power verb, Quote. ( T +A+V+Q) 3rdoption: Quote first, then lead out. Quote, power verb author in Title. (Q+V+A+T)
POSSIBLE REQUIREMENT: Necessary when explaining a quote from the middle of a story (the audience needs to know what action is going on in the story) OR A statement made under specific circumstances
EXAMPLE WITH CONTEXT FOR A STORY: Speaker/author s name and title of the piece Indication as to why they are considered reliable Power verb Context In To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus gives his closing argument to the jury responsible for the verdict of Tom Robinson s trial, and he pleads, In the name of God, do your duty.
EXAMPLE WITH CONTEXT FOR SPECIFIC CIRCUMSTANCES: Speaker/author s name and title of the piece Indication as to why they are considered reliable Power verb Context When speaking at the 2017 Convention for Gardeners,Charlie Beach, renowned butterfly expert, explains, Gardens with milkweed and at least six colors of flowers will attract a plethora of species.
EXAMPLE Kanye West, Grammy award- winning songwriter and rapper, shares his opinion about the results of the Video Music Awards by insisting, Beyonc has one of the best videos of all time! Speaker/author s name and title of the piece Indication as to why they are considered reliable Power verb Context
ARTICLES Articles may have interviews If you are using a quote from something someone other than the author said, you must include the person who said the quote AND who the author of the article is
STORIES Quotes said by a character must give the character credit
WRITE YOUR OWN! Use info from one of your hero articles
