Mastering the Art of Essay Writing
Essays play a crucial role in academic and professional settings, allowing you to convey ideas effectively. This guide by D.K. Singhal explores the importance of essays, types of essays, and tips on how to write compelling essays. Enhance your writing skills and excel in your academic and professional pursuits with this comprehensive resource.
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Oh! Essays. Essays are important to get good marks. But, after you leave college .? Prepared by: D K Singhal 3
You may be asked to write project reports, observation reports, audit reports etc. A good essay writing capability will help you writing all these with ease, in a fairly readable and presentable manner. No doubt, it also gives you an upper edge over your colleagues. Prepared by: D K Singhal 4
Why to Discuss it Here? Why this separate class for the essays? In school- More focus on marks Monotony More number of students Lack of knowledge of working culture in modern job scenario Overloaded teachers Prepared by: D K Singhal 5
What is an essay? An Essay is a group of paragraphs about a specific subject. Like a paragraph, an essay generally makes and supports one main theme point. Prepared by: D K Singhal 6
Essay An essay is a literary device for saying almost everything about almost anything Prepared by: D K Singhal 7
Is That You? Prepared by: D K Singhal 8
Why to Write an Essay? You want to convince someone regarding your point of view regarding an issue. You want to present multiple ideas/issues that wouldn t fit into a single paragraph situation. You want to sound intelligent and organized. Finally, you want to get good marks in your school, college or university! Prepared by: D K Singhal 9
Types of Essays Argumentative Essay Classification Essay Critical Essay Descriptive Essay Discussion Essay Scholarship Essay Literature Essay Personal Essay Research Essay Cause And Effect Essay Comparison Essay Deductive Essay Definition Essay Exploratory Essay Informal Essay Narrative Essay Persuasive Essay Response Essay Prepared by: D K Singhal 10
That was the approach you are used to understand topics in school. Don t be afraid. I am not going to be so BORING. So, shell we begin visualizing essays in a different perspective? If yes, be prepared to answer a couple of questions. Prepared by: D K Singhal 11
Q. 1: Do you like Golgappe? Prepared by: D K Singhal 12
Do you like Golgappe? Funny! Isn t it? What is common between Golgappe and Essays? Anyway, move on to the next question Prepared by: D K Singhal 13
Q. 2: Well! If some of you don t like Golgappe, replace this with Rasgulle, and answer this- Can you eat five Golgappe (Rasgulle) at a time? Yes / No. Prepared by: D K Singhal 14
Ans.: I think you cannot eat five Golgappe (or Rasgulle) at one time. You eat these only one by one. First, second, third and so and so forth. Prepared by: D K Singhal 15
Lesson: That is the first aspect of writing an essay. Never try to write the whole essay in one go; write it in step by step. Break your essay in several parts. Prepared by: D K Singhal 16
Essay Breaking Examples- Introduction Body Text About the topic Its good points Its disadvantages Conclusion Prepared by: D K Singhal 17
Introduction Does Introduction need any introduction? Tell me if you are asked to write an essay on My School , what are going to be first two- three lines of it? Prepared by: D K Singhal 18
My school name is..abcdef.? This is a good school. I read in ..abcdef . School. It is located at .abc Road Or would you like to consider something different? Prepared by: D K Singhal 19
My School Basic education plays an important role in developing good citizens for country. A good school is like a processing plant where capabilities of a student are developed and improved continuously. My school, Name of Your School is sincerely fulfilling its responsibilities towards its goal to a better nation. Prepared by: D K Singhal 20
Introduction Never jump to main topic at once. Start at some other point, and slowly and slowly come to the main subject. Remember, from something else, you have to come to the point, and not follow the reverse path, like in next example. Prepared by: D K Singhal 21
My school name is ..abcdef.. My school is very big. Airplane is also very big. Airplane flies in the air. We breathe in air. Air is very important for us to live. Studies are also very important. So we go to our school. I go by bus to my school. I like going to school and coming back from school. It is the time in between I don t like much. Out of 10, how many marks you d give to this type of essay. Prepared by: D K Singhal 22
Another Example: What are the various sources and types of Air Pollution ? As a result of removal of natural vegetation, industrialization and increase in the number of automobiles, the air over big cities is heavily contaminated with dust, smoke and poisonous gases like carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen. The contamination of air with dust, smoke and harmful gases, which adversely affect human beings and other living organisms, is called air pollution. The substances whose presence in air produces air pollution are called air pollutants. Some of the major air pollutants are carbon monoxide, excess carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, lower organic molecules, dust and smoke. Polluted air produces a large number of harmful effects on the living and non-living things. So Boring Prepared by: D K Singhal 23
Remember- A good introduction must be able to create readers interest in whatever you have written. It is the introduction on which the reader usually decides whether to it read further or not. Prepared by: D K Singhal 24
What Not to write in Introduction Don t apologize- no starting like- In my opinion or I may not be an expert, but . Don t begin with dictionary definitions. Don t announce what you intend to do. The purpose of this essay is to . or I am going to argue that . should be avoided. Prepared by: D K Singhal 25
Body Text Body text is the main part of essay. Here you need to be very clear, specific, straightforward, and systematic. Prepared by: D K Singhal 26
Body Text: Outline For more clear vision, let us divide body text also in several heads. This is called outlining or structuring. A few examples show this- Prepared by: D K Singhal 27
Outline: My School My school Strength (no. of students) Canteen .. . .!!!! No. of Teachers No. of Classrooms, laboratories etc. Recreational facilities Other achievements etc. etc. You may decide to write 1-2 or 3 lines on every point. Prepared by: D K Singhal 28
Did you notice something? In outline or structure, you must have noticed that the canteen is coming between students and teachers. Does it look nice? No. But after writing outlines, you can change the sequence of the outline points. Prepared by: D K Singhal 29
My school Strength (no. of students) Canteen .. . .!!!! No. of Teachers No. of Classrooms, laboratories etc. Recreational facilities Other achievements etc. etc. You may decide to write 1-2-3 or more lines on every point. Prepared by: D K Singhal 30
Before going further, take a break for a couple of minutes and think if you would like to give good marks to a student in essay where canteen comes in between students and teachers? Prepared by: D K Singhal 31
Well, while many of you are smiling, why there are some faced who are looking sad? Remembering Golgappas! Prepared by: D K Singhal 32
Body Text Flow (Readability) Flow is another important requirement in any essay. While you read, you must be able to relate each and every sentence with the earlier one. Read what you have written several times. If you find it seems a little difficult, fragment some long sentences or consider changing some words with their synonyms. Prepared by: D K Singhal 33
In most of the lower classes, poor flow is the general observation. After you write an essay, try to read by heart several times to find out any flow problem. Examples . Prepared by: D K Singhal 34
Example: If I were the principal of my school As the session begins, I would see to it that all the difficult subjects are not taught one after the other. Science should be followed by English and not by Maths. Sometimes the principals of schools have a poor knowledge of what students like and they thrust a lot down their throats without caring that they are not always receptive. I would encourage a lot of sports and extra curricular activities like drama, music, painting, creative writing, clay modeling, photography, horse riding, swimming, dancing, etc. This would keep the students interested in coming to school and they would enjoy their long hours of stay in school. When there are so many interesting activities for the students, they remain happy and their mind is able to absorb the lessons from the most difficult subjects with greater case. Prepared by: D K Singhal 35
Example: If I were the principal of my school As the session begins, I would see to it that all the difficult subjects are not taught one after the other. Science should be followed by English and not by Maths. Sometimes the principals of schools have a poor knowledge of what students like and they thrust a lot down their throats without caring that they are not always receptive. The above underlined matter gives a poor readability (Poor Flow!). Prepared by: D K Singhal 36
Grammar Grammar is extremely important. Grammar should not be confined to a single sentence but to entire essay. How is it possible? Prepared by: D K Singhal 37
Grammar (Examples) Today my parents were at hospital in Delhi. They will visit my Uncle Raju because he had an operation. My Uncle is feeling well now and he will be home soon. Last Sunday, I was on the beach in Goa. I sunbathed and went swimming because it was sunny and hot. The beach was crowded and I had a great time. Prepared by: D K Singhal 38
Grammar (Examples) Today my parents were at hospital in Delhi. They will visit my Uncle Raju because he had an operation. My Uncle is feeling well now and he will be home soon. Last Sunday, I was on the beach in Goa. I sunbathed and went swimming because it was sunny and hot. The beach was crowded and I had a great time. Prepared by: D K Singhal 39
So far you have used grammar mainly to sentences. A sentence may be grammatically correct, but if its tense is not the same as per the theme, it becomes incorrect. Always pay attention to tenses in sentences. Prepared by: D K Singhal 40
Sample: Poor Use of Tenses I go to the store and I bought milk. I will eat fish for dinner and drank milk with my dinner. Prepared by: D K Singhal 41
Sample: Poor Use of Tenses I go to the store and I bought milk. Go is a present tense verb. Bought is a past tense verb. Bought should be buy milk since these two events both occur at the same time. I will eat fish for dinner and drank milk with my dinner. Will eat is a future tense verb but drank is a past tense verb. Since the dinner is going to happen in the future, it is not possible that the milk was drunk already. Prepared by: D K Singhal 42
Punctuation: Do I need to say more? Prepared by: D K Singhal 43
Spellings Spellings should be always correct. If you are in doubt, make a practice to refer to dictionary regularly. This will help you a lot in later stage. Sometimes, wrong spellings may make a sentence absurd. Be careful. Prepared by: D K Singhal 44
Poor Use of Spellings Prepared by: D K Singhal 45
Poor Spellings! Prepared by: D K Singhal 46
Conclusions Conclusion is for giving a final impression of your topic, essay and your views. In conclusion, you may- Give a recommendation what the reader should do after reading essay. Give a prediction about what will follow. End with a relevant quote. Prepared by: D K Singhal 47
Finally Prepared by: D K Singhal 48
To write good essays, you must have . Prepared by: D K Singhal 49
General Tricks Do not write in 1stperson. (Avoid I ) Move from weakest point to strongest. Do not start a body / concluding paragraph with a quotation. Always stick to tense. If you have time, put it aside for some time, and revise. Read your essay aloud, as you are making a speech. You will be able to find out some of the errors. Prepared by: D K Singhal 50
